Matenda a shuga ndi matenda ofala kwambiri ku United States ndi padziko lonse lapansi. Shuga yapamwamba ya magazi (shuga) yomwe imakhala ndi matenda a shuga imabweretsa mavuto ambiri m'madera osiyanasiyana a thupi, ndipo imatha kukhala ndi zovuta zamoyo komanso zowopsya ngati sizikuchitidwa.
Mapazi ali ovuta kwambiri ku zotsatira za matenda a shuga. Mavuto omwe angakumane nawo ndi osowa kumverera, kuchepetsa magazi, komanso matenda akuluakulu omwe amafunika kuchotsedwa.
Malingana ndi 2011 National Sheet Fact Sheet, zowonjezera 60% za zopweteka zapathupi zochepa zimapezeka mwa anthu omwe ali ndi shuga.
Nkhani yabwino ndi yakuti kuika shuga m'magazi komanso kusamalidwa kawirikawiri kumachepetsa kwambiri mwayi wa matenda a shuga . Ndipotu, zikuyembekezeredwa kuti kusamalidwa kwa phazi lachangu komanso maphunziro a odwala angachepetse mwayi wa munthu wodwala matenda a shuga kupatsidwa kwa 85 peresenti.
Zotsatira Zotheka za Shuga pa Mapazi
Malinga ndi bungwe la American Diabetes Association, pafupifupi 60% mpaka 70% a anthu odwala matenda a shuga amakhala ndi matenda enaake a ubongo kapena amawononga mitsempha. Kukula kwa magazi kwa nthawi yayitali kumapangitsa kuti mitsempha yowonongeka imakhala yowopsa kwambiri.
Neurological
- Nthenda ya ubongo imayambitsa kumverera kwachepa kapena kufooka kumapazi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti matenda a shuga akhoza kuvulazidwa phazi - ngati chilonda choyambira pa chinthu chakuthwa - ndipo samatha kuchimva. Nthenda ya ubongo yowonjezera imayambitsa chiopsezo cha chilonda cha phazi la shuga, lomwe ndi chilonda chomwe chimachiza pang'onopang'ono, kapena ngakhale chosachiritsika, ndipo chimatha kutenga matenda. Ngati osatulutsidwa, chilonda cha shuga chikhoza kupitirira kupyolera pakhungu ndi minofu yofewa kwa mafupa apansi. Zizindikiro zina zokhudzana ndi matenda a ubongo zimaphatikizapo kupweteka kwa kuwombera komanso kuwotcha kumapazi, nthawi zambiri usiku.
- Odwala matenda a shuga amapanga mpweya wamagetsi , womwe umawoneka ngati wofooka minofu ndi phazi ndi kuchepa kwa minofu. Msewu wamatendawa amapezeka pamene mitsempha yomwe imayambitsa minofu yawonongeka. Izi zingachititse kuvutika kuyenda ndikutsogolera kusintha kwa miyendo ya mapazi, zonse zomwe zimawonetsa madera a mapazi kupitirira kukangana ndi kukakamizidwa. Kugwedezeka kwa zala zakutsogolo, chitsanzo cha kusintha kwa miyendo ya mapazi, kumapangitsa kupanikizika kwakukulu pansi pa mpira wa phazi ndipo kumawonjezera chiopsezo cha zilonda zam'mimba.
Vascular
Kutha kwa magazi kwa nthawi yayitali kumakhudzanso mitsempha ya mitsempha. Izi zingabweretse matenda opatsirana pogonana kapena PAD. Pamene mapangidwe a mitsempha yomwe imanyamula magazi ku miyendo yowonongeka, matenda a atherosclerosis amapezeka. Matenda a atherosclerosis ndi chipika chimene chimayika mu mitsempha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepetsa magazi kumachepetsa kumapazi. Kuchepa kwa magazi kotereku kungachititse kuchedwa kupweteka kwa machiritso, kupweteka (makamaka zala zakumapazi) ndi kuwonjezeka kwa chiwopsezo cha imfa kapena chibwibwi . Zizindikiro za PAD zimakhala ndi khungu lomwe limakhala lochepetsetsa komanso limatuluka, komanso ululu wa mwendo pamene ukuyenda.
Khungu
Khungu limakhudzidwa ndi shuga wambiri m'magazi m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Matenda ena a khungu, monga zilonda ndi kuchepetsa machiritso, amayamba chifukwa cha kusintha kwa thupi ndi kusintha kwa ubongo zomwe zingayambitse matenda a shuga. Mtundu wina wa matenda a ubongo umene nthawi zina umayambitsa matenda a shuga ndi umoyo wokhawokha, ndipo umagwirizanitsidwa ndi khungu lotsatira:
- Khungu louma
- Kutupa kwa mapazi ndi mabotolo
- Khungu lomwe limasangalatsa kwambiri kukhudza
Chifukwa cha kusintha kwakukulu kwa khungu kamene kamakhudza matenda a shuga ndi chimanga kapena chopanda pake . Ngati matenda a shuga adachepetsa kuwona kwa ululu chifukwa cha matenda a ubongo, ndiye kuti mbali zina zamapazi zidzasokonezeka.
Madera amenewa, kawirikawiri zakumwa zazing'ono kapena zala, nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi chimanga ndi maulendo omwe amatha kukhala zilonda m'magulu a shuga.
Mapazi ndi zikopa zamagazi zimatha kukhala ndi zotupa kapena misampha yomwe imayambitsa kutuluka. Nthawi zina khungu ndi ziwalo zimakhala zowonjezereka ndikuyamba kutuluka kwa chikasu. Odwala matenda a shuga amachitanso kuti apangidwe ndi bowa , chifukwa china chowombera.
Kudziwa mavuto omwe angayambitse matenda a shuga kungakhale koopsa, koma njira yabwino kwambiri yodzizitetezera ndiyo kupewa. Pokhudzana ndi kuteteza mapazi anu, onetsetsani kuti mumapitanso nthawi zonse kukaonana ndi dokotala wanu komanso munthu amene akudwala matenda a shuga ngati mukudwala matenda a shuga.
Zotsatira
Lavery, Lawrence A., David G. Armstrong, Steven A. Vela, Terri L. Quebedeaux, ndi John G. Fleischli. (1998) Zopindulitsa Zowonetsera Odwala Kudzetsa Pangozi Pamwamba pa Kuopsa Kwambiri kwa Amagazi. Archives of Internal Medicine. 158: 157-162.
US Department of Health and Human Services, Zolinga za Kuletsa ndi Kupewa Matenda, chaka cha 2011. Nthenda ya shuga ya dziko lonse: ndondomeko ya dziko lonse komanso zambiri zokhudza matenda a shuga ndi matenda odwala matenda a shuga ku United States, 2011.
Association of American Diabetes Association. Chiwerengero cha shuga-Deta kuchokera ku 2011 National Factory Sheet Factory (yotulutsidwa Jan. 26, 2011).