Ebola imakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi thanzi la Ebola . Ebola ikhoza kukhala yoopsa ndipo ingakhudze maso. Kafukufuku wokhudzana ndi Ebola akuwonetsa momwe kachilombo ka HIV kamatha kukhalira moyo mkati mwa diso kwa miyezi iwiri mutatha kuchiza ndi kuchira.
Kodi Ebola Ndi Chiyani?
Mliri wa Ebola ndi mawu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokoza gulu la kachilombo kamene kamayambitsa matenda a chiwindi. Kutentha kwa thupi kumatanthauza kuti munthu amadwala kwambiri ndipo amachotsa mkati ndi kunja kwa thupi. Zizindikiro zimaphatikizapo malungo, kufooka kwa mitsempha, kupweteka kwa m'khosi komanso kumutu. Mwamwayi, kachilomboka kamakhala ndi nthawi yayitali yokwanira (pakati pa masiku 8-21) kotero munthu akhoza kutenga kachilombo asanawonetse zizindikiro kapena zizindikiro. Ngati munthu wodwala matenda akudwala, impso ndi chiwindi zimatha kuchepa ndipo kutuluka kwa magazi kumayambira mkati mwa thupi.
Mliri wa Ebola umapezeka makamaka m'mayiko a ku Africa. Mliri wa Ebola unachokera ku Ebola mtsinje pamene unayamba kupezeka mu 1976. Mavairasi a Ebola amapezeka m'madera ena a ku Africa komanso mwina ku Philippines, ndipo pali kuphulika kokha kwa anthu. Ebola yotentha thupi imapezeka makamaka ku Africa ku Republic of Congo, Gabon, Sudan, Ivory Coast, ndi Uganda. Zitha kuchitika m'mayiko ena a ku Africa.
Ebola Infection
Mungathe kutenga kachirombo ka Ebola kudzera mwazidzidzidzi ndi magazi kapena thupi lamadzi a munthu yemwe ali ndi matendawa. Mukhoza kulandira matendawa kuchokera kwa munthu amene wangomwalira kumene ndi Ebola. Madzi amthupi omwe angathe kufalikira mavitaminiwa ndi urine, masaya, thukuta, masanzi, mkaka wa m'mawere, nyemba kapena nyansi. Mukhozanso kugonjetsa Ebola mwa kukumana ndi singano ndi timipiringi zomwe zakhudzana ndi madzi a thupi. Ngakhale kuti sizodziwika, munthu akhoza kutenga kachilombo kazomwe amapezeka ndi mapulaneti a zipatso, apes ndi anyani omwe amanyamula matendawa. Komabe, kachirombo ka Ebola sikangoyenda.
Ebola imaganiziridwa kuti ndi imodzi mwa mavairasi omwe amafa kwambiri padziko lapansili omwe ali ndi chiwerengero cha anthu oposa 50 mpaka 90 peresenti. Pa nthawiyi, palibe mankhwala kapena katemera wa matendawa. Anthu ena akhoza kukhala ndi chithandizo chamankhwala choyenera, koma akhoza kukhala ndi matenda a nthawi yaitali atachira.
Ebola ndi Maso
Mu kafukufuku wolembedwa ku New England Journal of Medicine, ofufuza anapeza dokotala wochokera ku Zimbabwe ndi nzika ya ku America omwe adayambitsidwa ndi Ebola pamene akuchiza odwala odwala Ebola. Dokotalayo atachira, adayamba kumva ululu ndipo diso lake linakwera. Uveitis ndi kutupa kapena kutupa kwa maso. Mtunduwu uli pakatikati pa diso, pakati pa sclera ndi retina. Zizindikiro za uveitis zikhoza kukhala mwadzidzidzi. Diso ladzidzidzi limakhala lofiira, lopweteka, ndipo limakhala lowala. Dokotala anali ndi mankhwala opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala otchedwa topical steroids komanso kuponderezedwa kwa diso. Diso lake linachiritsidwa ndipo masomphenya ake adabwereranso mwachibadwa.
Pafupifupi miyezi iwiri atatulutsidwa, dokotalayo adayang'anitsitsa diso lonse ku Emory Eye Center, patatha masabata asanu ndi atatu ndi asanu ndi atatu mphambu zisanu ndi zitatu (8-9) atatuluka kale. Pakafukufuku, madokotala anachita njira yotchedwa anterior chamber paracentesis. (Paracentesis ndi kuchotsa madzi, otchedwa aqueous humor, kuchokera m'chipinda cham'tsogolo cha diso.)
Pambuyo powerenga zomwe zinatuluka madzi, ochita kafukufuku anapeza kachilombo ka Ebola kameneka kamene kamakhala ndi uveitis. Komabe, zinapezeka kuti zitsanzo za misonzi ndi minofu yowonongeka imayesa Ebola. Izi zimalimbikitsa chifukwa zimasonyeza kuti odwala omwe amachira Ebola sangapezeke ndi chiopsezo chotenga kachilombo ka HIV.
Zimene Muyenera Kudziwa
Ebola ndi matenda aakulu omwe angakhudze maso anu. Zitetezo zapadera ziyenera kutengedwa pambuyo poti anthu akuwoneka kuti apeza bwino kuchokera ku Ebola. Ogwira ntchito zaumoyo ayenera kusamala kwambiri ndikugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zoteteza anthu, makamaka omwe amagwiritsa ntchito ma laboratory ndi madokotala, kuti asatenge kachirombo ka HIV.
> Chitsime:
> Kulimbikira kwa Ebola ndi Matenda Ocula Pakati pa Convalescence, Jay B. Varkey, ndi al., New England Journal of Medicine , amachititsa kuti: 10.1056 / NEJMoa1500306, yofalitsidwa pa Intaneti pa 7 May 2015.