Makhalidwe ndi mawonekedwe othandizira matupi athu ndi ziwalo zathupi
Minofu yothandizira imagwirizanitsa, kuthandizira, kumangiriza, ndi kulekanitsa ziwalo ndi ziphuphu, kupanga chida chothandizira ziwalo za thupi ndi ziwalo, kuti zikhale zomangamanga komanso zamagetsi. Mu maselo ogwirizana, maselo ndi ochepa ndipo amabalalitsidwa - iwo sagwirizana kwambiri, monga mu minofu ya epithelial. Mitundu yambiri yolumikizanayi imathamangitsidwa (kupatula khungu). Malo osungirako zowonjezera (malo oseri maselo) m'magulu ogwirizana amatchulidwa ngati matrixlarlar matrix.
Choncho, minofu yothandizira, imapangidwa ndi maselo ndi masanjidwe a extracellular. Mlingo wa extracellular uli ndi glycosaminoglycans ndi proteoglycans. Zimasiyanasiyana pakupanga mchere wochulukirapo umene umadziwika kuti zimakhala zogwirizana.
Mitundu yothandizira ili ndi:
- Zizindikiro zochititsa chidwi (collagen ndi elastin)
- Glycosaminoglycans kapena GAGs (maunyolo akuluakulu a kubwereza magawo osokoneza bongo; udindo waukulu ndi kuthandiza collagen)
- Ma proteoglycans (GAGs ophatikizidwa ndi mapuloteni oyambirira)
Chiwerengero cha Matenda Achigwirizano
Mitundu yothandizirayi ndi yolongosoka ngati minofu yosakanikirana yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito minofu kapena minofu yowonongeka.
- Matenda osakanikirana osasunthika amakhala ndi maselo ambiri ndi zotayirira zowonongeka pamtunda wambiri wamadzimadzi.
- Mitsempha yowonjezereka yowonongeka imakhala ndi collagen yowongoka kwambiri ndi zofunda m'matumbo. Mitsempha yowonongeka imapezeka mu makapulisi ophatikizana, minofu ya fascia, ndi udzu wambiri wa khungu.
Mitundu yodziwika bwino ikuphatikizapo:
- Zosakaniza zowonongeka zowonongeka (zomwe zimapezeka mu tendons ndi ligaments)
- Mankhwalawa amatha kukhala ndi maselo a chondrocyte, ubongo wa collagen, ndi ulusi wosakaniza; matrix omwe ali olimba kapena osinthasintha; amaphatikizapo hyaline cartilage, fibrocartilage, ndi zotupa zotsekemera)
- Matenda a Adipose (mtundu wothandizira ziwalo zogwiritsira ntchito zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, zimasunga mafuta ochulukirapo ndi mphamvu, zili ndi maselo osakanikirana ndi mawonekedwe owonetsetsa)
- Mankhwala osakanikirana kapena amaliseche (omwe amakhala ndi maselo othandizira kupanga maselo a magazi, ali ndi leukocyte ndi ulusi wa mapuloteni amadzimadzi osungunuka omwe amapangidwa panthawi yopuma; gawo linalake ndi plasma)
- Magazi (ali ndi erythrocytes, leukocytes, thrombocytes, fibers ndi mapuloteni osungunuka;
- Thupi (mtundu wothandizira minofu yolumikiza imakhala ndi osteoblasts kapena osteocytes; imakhala ndi collagen fibers ndipo ndi yolimba kapena yowerengedwa)
Nthawi zambiri, mafinya, proteoglycan, ndi GAGs amalamulidwa ndipo amayendetsedwa ndi kugwirizana pakati pa kaphatikizidwe ndi kuwonongeka. Kuchuluka kwake kumasungidwa ndi cytokines , kukula kwa zinthu, ndi kumapweteka MMPs (matrix metalloproteinases). Ngati pali kusiyana, matenda opatsirana angapangidwe. Mwachitsanzo, pali kuwonongeka kwaukonde m'mikhalidwe monga osteoarthritis , nyamakazi ya nyamakazi , ndi matenda otupa mafupa . Kuwonjezeka kwachangu mu kaphatikizidwe kungayambitse scleroderma kapena interstitial pulmonary fibrosis.
Pali matenda oposa 200 omwe amakhudza minofu yogwirizana.
Matenda ena omwe amathana ndi matendawa ndi zotsatira za matenda, kuvulala, kapena chifukwa cha zovuta zowonongeka. Chifukwa cha matenda ena osakanikirana amadziwikabe.
> Zotsatira:
> Zosakaniza zogwirizana. Chiwerengero cha Matenda Achigwirizano. Mtsogoleli wa Zake. Yunivesite ya Leeds.
> Zosakaniza Zogwirizana: Kuphatikiza Matrix ndi Kufunika Kwake kwa Thandizo Lathupi. Thandizo la Thupi. Culav EM et al. March 1999.
> Matenda okhudzana ndi matenda. MedlinePlus.