Mafupa Amtundu Wachiwawa
Pali, koma ndizo zabwino.
Mavairasi ena amachititsanso kutentha thupi komanso kutuluka m'magazi ndipo amatchedwa Fever Hemorrhagic Fever.
Ena amafalikira ndi kukhudzana. Iwo akhoza kupitirira mawonekedwe a ma clotting ndipo odwala amachotsedwa ku mphuno ndi nsanamira kapena ma IV.
Ambiri ndi osowa. Iwo sali ngati filimu ya Zombie.
Matenda ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda a chiwindi amachititsa kuti magazi asawonongeke. Ndizosavuta ngakhale Ebola kuti pakhale magazi.
Nthawi zambiri - ngakhale omwe akupha - musatero.
Angakhale osokonezeka ndi malungo nthawi zambiri amapezeka pafupi. Izi zingachititse kuchepetsa kudzipatula ndikuika osowa pangozi.
Dengue, yomwe imatulutsa 50-100 miliyoni pachaka, ingayambitse matenda a mavairasi. Werengani apa .
Pali zina zomwe zimadziwika bwino:
Chipatala cha Sierra Leone chomwe chinasanduka chipatala cha Ebola chinali chipatala cha Lassa. M'madera ena a Liberia ndi Sierra Leone, pangakhale ngakhale 10% -16% omwe ali kuchipatala ali ndi Lassa .
Lassa, isnavirus ku West Africa, imayamba masabata 1-3 pambuyo poonekera. Ambiri (80%) ali ndi zizindikiro zofatsa: kutentha thupi, kutopa, kupweteka mutu; 20% amayamba kutuluka magazi (chingamu, mphuno), zowawa m'mimba / chifuwa / kupweteka kumbuyo, kusanza, kutupa kwa nkhope, mwinamwake kusokonezeka, kunjenjemera. Kusokonezeka kungachitike. Zina mwakumva zimapezeka mu 1/3 ndi zizindikiro.
Achipatalawa, pafupifupi 15-20% amafa (poyambira mimba). Ofa 1% okha amafera.
Ma 300,000-500,000 amachititsa anthu pafupifupi 5,000 kufa chaka chilichonse.
Lassa imafalikira pamene mkodzo wa multimammate wa mkodzo / zitosi zimadetsa chakudya kapena khungu losweka, kapena zimakanizidwa. Kutumizirana kwa munthu payekha kungabwereke, makamaka muzipatala zochepa.
Ribavirin, mankhwala osokoneza bongo, amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kusanthula kumachokera ku kuyesa kwa PCR kapena ELISAs.
Palibe katemera.
Mlandu wotsiriza wa US unali muulendo wobwerera kuchokera ku West Africa mu 2014.
Pali zina zoterezi zomwe zimapezeka m'madera a South America: Junin (Argentina HF), Machupo (HF Bolivia), Guanarito (Venezuela HF), Sabia (Brazil) HF, Chapare virus (ku Bolivia).
Marburg
Marburg akugwirizana ndi matenda ena a Edzi. Choyamba anazindikiritsidwa mu 1967 pakati pa antchito a laboratory ku Ulaya omwe anadwala ndi anyani obwera kunja.
Patatha masiku asanu ndi asanu ndi asanu (5-10) patapita masiku ochepa, odwala amayamba kutentha thupi, kupweteka mutu, kupweteka kwa thupi, kunyoza, kusanza. Amatha kutuluka magazi masiku asanu ndi asanu ndi asanu ndi atatu, kenako amatsutsidwa, kusokonezeka.
Mavuto akufa amasiyana malinga ndi malo, mwinamwake mavuto ndi zinthu; kufa kwa 21% mu 1967 ndi 80 mpaka 90% ku Angola ndi DRC mu 2000-5. Kusanthula ndi kudzera mu PCR kapena ELISA. Palibe mankhwala enieni, komabe. Pali ntchito katemera.
Matendawa amapezeka ku Uganda, Zimbabwe, DRC, Kenya, Angola, ndi South Africa. Kutumiza kumachokera ku ziphuphu za chipatso cha ku Afrika - zomwe zimakhudza oyendetsa minda (kapena oyendera) m'mapanga odzazidwa ndi batu kupyolera mu zitosi (kapena ngakhale aerosolization). Kutumiza kumapezeka kuchokera kuzinthu zopanda anthu komanso kwa odwala ngati chitetezo sichikwanira kuchokera kumadzi odwala thupi kapena m'malovu.
Kuphulika kwa Marburg sikusowa. Kuphulika kwakukulu kokha 2 kwachitika kuyambira 1970.
Masango ena adakhudza anthu 1-15.
Chigamulo chomaliza cha ku America chinali mu 2008 mu ulendo wobwerera kuchokera ku phanga lodzazidwa ndi batala ku Uganda.
Chiwombankhanga Chofiira
Chiwombankhanga Chofiira, chofalitsidwa makamaka ndi udzudzu wa Aedes, ndi flavivirus ngati Dengue, Kyasanur, ndipo imayambitsa matenda aakulu. Chiwombankhanga cha Yellow chimapezeka m'madera ena a South America koma makamaka ku Africa. Ma 200,000 pachaka amatsogolera kufa 30,000. Ambiri omwe ali ndi kachilombo amakhala ndi zizindikiro zochepa kapena zosaoneka. Zizindikiro zimachitika patapita masiku atatu mpaka 6: Kutentha thupi, kupweteka mutu, kutopa, thupi, ntchentche, kusanza. Zosintha kwambiri, koma zina (pafupifupi 15%) zimakhala ndi zizindikiro zazikulu maola kapena tsiku lotsatira: kutuluka magazi, khungu lachikasu, matenda a chiwindi, kutentha kwa thupi, mantha.
Ndi matenda aakulu, 20-50% amafa.
Palibe mankhwala apadera. Kuyezetsa magazi kumathandiza kuthandizira
Mlingo umodzi wa katemera umateteza zaka 10. Katemerayu ndi-ndi okha-omwe amayenda kumadera a Yellow Fever. Zochitika zazikulu zovuta zikhoza kuchitika; anthu ayenera kukambirana zachipatala ndi dokotala wawo.
Kupewa kumaphatikizansopo: odzudzula udzudzu (DEET), ophimba, kupeĊµa madera a Yellow Fever, kugwiritsa ntchito maukonde (omwe ali ndi kachilombo, nawonso).
Matenda otentha omwe ali ndi matenda a chiwindi (HFRS)
Kutentha kwa thupi ndi matenda a chiwindi (HFRS) kumayambitsidwa ndi mavairasi a Bunyaviridae : Hantaan, Seoul, Puumala, ndi Dobrava. Pali milandu pafupifupi 200,000 padziko lonse lapansi, kufalitsidwa ndi mkodzo / ntchentche kuchokera ku makoswe ena ku Asia ndi Europe. Matendawa amachititsa mavuto a impso, malungo, komanso kawirikawiri, magazi. American Southwest Hantavirus imayambitsa matenda osiyanasiyana popanda magazi.
Matenda amayamba mkati mwa masabata 1-2 (mpaka 8) atatha kupweteka mutu, kutentha thupi, kuwona masomphenya, kupweteka kwa m'mimba / kumbuyo. Ena kenaka amayamba: impso kulephera, mantha, zotupa. Mipingo yakufa kuyambira <1 mpaka 15% malingana ndi mavuto.
Bunyaviruses, Rift Valley ndi Crimea-Congo , zimayambitsa matenda oopsa kwambiri.
Palinso mafungo otentha kwambiri.
Izi zimaphatikizapo Fever Valley Fever ndi Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever , koma matenda omwe sagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri amachititsa kuti magazi aphedwe. Dengue ingathenso kumayambitsa matenda, koma kawirikawiri. Chiwindi cha Fulminant, monga Hepatitis B, chingakhudze coagulation ndi clotting. Icteric leptospirosis yoopsa ingathenso kuwonetsa zizindikiro zoopsa, kawirikawiri osati makamaka.
Matenda ena angawonekere mofananamo - kuchokera ku malungo kwa typhoid kupita ku matenda ena a chiwindi ndi matenda a rickettsial.
Matenda a Hemorrhagic Osavuta ndi osowa.
Ngati malungo kapena zizindikiro zina za matenda zikuyamba mutapita ku malo okhudzidwa:
Funani kuchipatala mwamsanga. Zingakhale zofala kwambiri - monga malungo, dengue, leptospirosis , koma izi zimafuna chithandizo komanso chidwi.
Onetsetsani kuti ali ndi odwala omwe ali ndi vutoli komanso madzi amadzipi - ambiri mwa iwo akhoza kufalikira ndi madzi a thupi.
Musatenge aspirin, advil / ibuprofen, alleve / naproxen (kupewa kupewa magazi).