Ntchito yosiyana ndi yosangalatsa imene ma macrophages amachititsa chifuwa kukula - kapena kuponderezedwa - ndi nkhani yofufuzidwa komanso yokambirana. Kachilombo ka macrophage ndi mtundu wa selo loyera la magazi, lomwe ndi mbali ya chitetezo cha m'thupi. Mmene thupi limatetezera thupi liri ndi udindo wozindikiritsa, kuwononga, ndi kuchotsa zinthu zonse zachilendo kuchokera m'thupi. Komabe, macrophages amakhala osasunthika ndipo amatenga maudindo osiyanasiyana mu kukula ndi kufalikira kwa maselo a khansa.
Kodi Macrophage ndi chiyani?
Macrophages amayamba monga monocytes ndipo amapangidwa m'mafupa anu. Pamene maselo oyera a m'magazi amakula ndikumasulidwa m'magazi anu amayenda ndikusungidwa mkati mwa nthata zanu, zamatenda, zamatenda, kapena chiwindi. Pamene kuwonongeka, matenda, kapena kuvulala zimayambitsa yankho, ma monocytes amachoka pamalo awo oyambirira ndikuyenda m'magazi kuti alowe minofu ndi ziwalo zina m'thupi. Atachoka m'magazi, monocytes amayamba kukhala macrophages .
Macrophages Ali Ndi Ntchito Zambiri
Pa chithunzi chachikulu, macrophages akhoza kuwononga ndi kuwononga mabakiteriya, kuyeretsa zinyalala zamagetsi ndi zina zovulaza, komanso maselo omwe ali ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, monga mabakiteriya kapena mavairasi. Pambuyo pa macrophages amathanso maselo awa, amachotsa kachilomboka mkati mwa selo - chithunzi cha munthu wodwalayo ngati mukufuna - ndikuchipereka kwa maselo ena mu chitetezo cha mthupi.
Mwanjira iyi, macrophage "ikhoza kuwamveka" kuti wowononga wodwala ali m'thupi ndikuthandizira maselo ena om'thupi kuti azindikire kuti wotsutsa.
Udindo mu Kansa Yoyamba
Pamaso pa khansara, macrophage ali ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana, zomwe zimapitilirabe. Akadutsa m'magazi mkati mwa chotupa , amayamba kukhala macrophages kapena ma TAM okhudzana ndi zotupa.
Ngakhale cholinga cha chiwerengero chachikulu ndi kuwononga ndi kuchotsa anthu othawa kwawo - monga maselo a khansa omwe amapanga chotupa - tazindikira kuti zinthu zosiyanasiyana zimasintha macrophages mwachibadwa pamfundoyi.
Kawirikawiri, ngati chotupa chanu chiri ndi chiwerengero chachikulu cha ma TAM mkati, kawirikawiri ndi chizindikiro chosowa kwambiri, chomwe chimatanthauza kuti khansara imatha kuchepetsa , kapena kufalikira ku zida zina m'thupi lanu. Pa zifukwa zomwe zili kunja kwa nkhaniyi, ma macrophages ena amasiya kuchita zomwe akufuna kuti achite mkati mwa chotupacho ndikuyamba kuthandizira kuti chotupa chikule ndi kufalikira. Kafukufuku wawonetsanso kuti ma TAMs, mosiyana ndi anzawo omwe ali kunja kwa chotupa, sangathe kudziwitsa thupi lanu kuti likhale ndi khansara, zomwe zimachedwetsa mphamvu za chitetezo cha mthupi lanu.
Apa ndi pamene udindo wa macrophages umakhala wokondweretsa kwambiri. Pa kafukufuku waposachedwapa wa chitetezo cha mthupi ku khansa yowonongeka, zimapezeka kuti maselo a TAM amasunthira ngakhale mitundu iwiri ya macrophages: M1 ndi M2 mitundu. Ngakhale kuti mtundu wa M1 ukupitirizabe kulimbana ndi maselo a khansa yodalirika, M2 yapezeka kuti imathandizira kwambiri kulimbikitsa chifuwa chake, metastasis, ndi regrowth.
Kugwiritsa Ntchito Immune Kuyankha Kwako: Mapulogalamu Amtsogolo
Ngakhale izi zikuwoneka ngati nkhani zoopsya - maselo omwe amayenera kuteteza ndi kuchiritsa thupi lanu ndipo tsopano akuthandiza khansa kukula - kufufuza kukuyang'ana momwe mungaletsere macrophages kuti musasinthe pa mfundo yofunika kwambiri pamagulu a chitetezo cha mthupi.
Ngati kafukufukuyu akufika pazinthu zowonjezereka, mankhwala atsopano angapangidwe pofuna kuthana ndi kuchepetsa matenda a metastasis, kusunga khansara yakuda, kumene kuli kosavuta kuchiza.
Maphunziro kuti aphunzire zambiri za momwe angagwiritsire ntchito ma TAM mu khansa yoyipa ikupitirira. Kafukufuku wamakono akugwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito chitetezo cha mthupi - makamaka mndandanda wa zochitika zomwe zimachitika pamene khansa imayambira - ndi momwe tingaletsere chitetezo chathu cha mthupi kuti tisakumane ndi mitsempha yambiri ya khansa.
Zotsatira:
Morris, KT, et al. (2015) Anti-G-CSF Kuchiza Kumapangitsa Chitetezo Chotupa Chitetezo mu Mouse Khansara ya Colon mwa Kulimbikitsa Chitetezo NK Cell, Macrophage, ndi T Cell Responses. Oncotarget. Adapezeka pa intaneti kudzera pa PubMed.gov.
Mosser, DM, Edwards, JP (December 2008). Kufufuza Zowona Zonse Zomwe Zimayambitsa Macrophage. Journal of Natural Reviews ndi Immunology . 8 (12); 958-969. Adapezeka pa intaneti kudzera pa PubMed.gov.
Zhang, Y., et al. (October 2013). Crosstalk Pakati pa Maselo a Khansa ndi Macrophages Pogwiritsa Ntchito Kutupa Kwasakaniza ndi CD47 Kumalimbikitsa Kutuluka Kwasuntha kwa Cell. European Journal ya Cancer . Inapezeka pa intaneti pa July 12, 2015.
Yosinthidwa ndi Juliet Wilkinson, RN, BSN