Ngati mwakhalapo ndi nkhuku, ngakhale ngati mwana wamng'ono kwambiri, muli pachiopsezo chokhala ndi zibwenzi monga wamkulu-ngakhale m'ma 50s, 60s, kapena kupitirira. Ndi chifukwa chakuti kachilombo kamene kamayambitsa zonse nkhuku ndi nkhuku , varicella zoster, sichichoka mthupi pambuyo poyambitsa matenda. Mmalo mwake, imabwerera ku dongosolo lamanjenje, kumene ilo likhoza kukhala lolimba kwa zaka zambiri.
Pamene chitetezo cha mthupi chimafooka ndi msinkhu kapena chimachepa msanga chifukwa cha matenda kapena mankhwala, varicella angatenge mwayi wokhala wochitanso kachiwiri.
Nthawi yoyamba matenda a varicella ndi ofatsa: Ana ambiri amene amatsika ndi nkhuku amadwala kwa pafupifupi sabata limodzi ndi kutentha thupi, kutopa kwambiri, ndi kutentha kwachitsulo komwe kungathetsedwe ndi oatmeal kusamba ndi masoka a masoka. Zizindikiro izi zingakhale zovuta kwambiri kwa akuluakulu.
Kupweteka kwachiwiri kwa varicella kumene kumayambitsa shingles ndizosiyana kwambiri. Zizindikiro za kumangirira ndi kupweteka koopsa m'dera lamtundu wa thupi lanu komanso kuthamanga komwe kungathe kukhala masabata awiri kapena anayi kapena kupitirira. Pambuyo pa kupweteka, zikhoza kukhala zovuta za nthawi yaitali kuchokera ku shingles kuyambira mkhalidwe wovuta wotchedwa postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) ku khungu kapena matenda a ubongo kuti awonongeke kwamuyaya ngati kachilombo kamakhudza nkhope.
Ndichofunika kwambiri kuti muchite zonse zomwe mungathe pofuna kuteteza tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kuti tipewe kutenga kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a nkhuku poyambitsa matenda opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito matenda omwe amachititsa kuti varicella agwire ntchito.
Kupewa Chickenpox
Katemera wa nkhuku ndi gawo la nthawi zonse za katemera.
Zomwe Zimayambitsa Kuletsa Matenda ndi Kupewa Matenda (CDC) zimalimbikitsa kuti ana adziwe mlingo woyamba wa katemera wa miyezi 12 mpaka 15 ndipo kachiwiri akuwombera pakati pa zaka 4 ndi 6. Achinyamata osadziwika komanso akuluakulu akulangizidwa kuti atenge mlingo umodzi wa katemera wa varicella.
Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti ngati simunakhalepo ndi nkhuku kapena katemera muyenera kuteteza munthu yemwe ali ndi ziphuphu: Simungapangitse kutenga shingles, yomwe simungakhoze kufalitsa kudzera mwa kugunda, koma mukhoza kutsika ndi nkhuku.
Kumbukirani kuti kachilombo kamene kamayambitsa nkhuku imapindula pokhapokha ngati imafooketsa thupi, kotero mwa kulola kuti iwe udziike pa chiopsezo cha ming'oma. Ichi ndichifukwa chake kufotokozera ana ku nkhuku kotero kuti athe "kuzilumikiza" m'malo mowapatsira katemera woterewu, monga momwe makolo ena amadziwira kuti amachitira "maphwando a nkhuku" ndizoopsa kwambiri: Katemera wa nkhuku ndi wotetezeka bwino-ndipo ndithudi ndi otetezeka kuposa shingles.
Katemera wotsitsa
Izi ndizo katemera ziwiri za mabulosi. Mmodzi, wotchedwa Zostavax (zoster vaccine live), anapatsidwa chilolezo ndi US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) mu 2006. Chithandizo china cha shingles, Shingrix (choster vaccine-recombinant, adjuvanted) chinayamba mu 2017.
Katemera onse amatetezeranso ku PHN ndipo nthawi zambiri amaphimbidwa ndi inshuwalansi kapena Medicare. Komabe, pa zifukwa zosiyanasiyana Shingrix imayang'aniridwa ndi CDC ngati yabwino ku Zostavax kwa anthu ambiri. Apa ndi momwe ma katemera awiri akufanizira:
- Mtundu wa katemera. Zostavax ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda, komwe kumatanthawuza kuti thupi la varicella limakhala lofooketsa kuti chitetezo cha mthupi chitenge kachilombo koyambitsa matenda. Shingrix, kumbali inayo, ndi tk.
- Chiwerengero cha mayeso. Zostavax ndi katemera umodzi wowombera; Shingrix imapatsidwa mlingo umodzi, miyezi iwiri kapena sikisi yosiyana.
- Mphamvu. CDC imati Zostavax amachepetsa chiopsezo cha mabomba ndi 51 peresenti ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo cha PHN ndi 67 peresenti. Shingrix, kumbali inayo, imapereka chitetezo chokwanira kwambiri: Mlingo umodzi ndi oposa 90 peresenti yogwira ntchito popewera shingles ndi PHN. Komanso, kwa zaka zinayi atalandira Shingrix, chitetezo ku zinthu zonsezi chikhala pamwamba pa 85 peresenti.
- Analimbikitsa zaka kuti adziwe katemera. Zostavax imalimbikitsidwa ndi CDC kwa anthu 60 kapena kuposerapo, koma bungwe silili ndi chidziwitso kwa anthu pakati pa 50 ndi 59. Izi ndi chifukwa katemera amateteza pafupifupi zaka zisanu zokha, kotero kuti asanakwanitse zaka 60 akhoza kuika munthu ali pangozi ya kutetezedwa nthawi yayitali pamene chiopsezo chothamanga ndi chapamwamba. Komabe, Shingrix imapereka chitetezo chokwanira kumatope ndi PHN kuyambira pa zaka 50.
- Zotsatira zoyipa. Matenda awiri a shingles ali otetezeka ndipo onse amakhala ndi zotsatira zofanana-makamaka kufiira, kupweteka, kutupa, kapena kuyabwa kwa khungu komwe anapatsidwa mfuti. Anthu ena amatha kupwetekedwa ndi minofu, kupweteka mutu, kutopa, kutentha, kutentha thupi, kapena kupwetekedwa m'mimba atalandira katemera. Zonsezi zimakhala ndi chiwopsezo chachikulu kwambiri choyambitsa matenda aakulu, omwe angaphatikizepo zizindikiro monga ming†™ oma, kutupa kwa mmero, kupuma kovuta, mtima wothamanga, chizunguliro, ndi zofooka zomwe zimafuna kuthandizidwa mwamsanga kuchokera kwa dokotala.
Kulimbana ndi Kupanikizika
Pali umboni wakuti kachirombo ka varicella kawirikawiri kamabweranso chifukwa cha nkhawa kapena mtundu wina wa zovuta. Ngakhale muli ndi zochepa zomwe mungachite pofuna kupewa moyo wosayang'ana wosayembekezereka, akhoza kutaya, monga kutayika kwa ntchito kapena matenda aakulu, pali njira zambiri zodzizitetezera ku nkhawa ndi nkhawa.
Ziwonekere ndizozoloŵezi zamoyo zomwe zingakuthandizeni kukhalabe olimba ndi okhutira mwathupi mwathupi ndi m'maganizo. Izi zikuphatikizira kudya zakudya zopatsa thanzi; kuphatikizapo kuyenda kwakukulu tsiku lonse; ndi kupeza kugona mokwanira. Ngati mumasuta, kukana chizoloŵezichi kungakuthandizeni kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino. N'chimodzimodzinso ngati mumamwa mowa mopitirira muyeso.
Chofunika kwambiri kuti tizilombo ta varicella tisadzutse ndikutaya nkhawa. Pali njira zambiri zotsimikizirika zoti muchite izi, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti pali njira zambiri zomwe mungayesere kufikira mutapeza njira zomwe zimakupindulitsani kwambiri. Yoga, kusinkhasinkha, chizoloŵezi kapena zinthu zina zomwe mumapeza zosangalatsa ndizochepa chabe mwazotheka.
Chi Tai chingathandize kwambiri. Pali umboni wosonyeza kuti zochitika zolimbitsa thupizi, zomwe zinayamba ngati nkhondo ku China, zimatha kupititsa patsogolo chitetezo cha mthupi komanso thanzi la anthu achikulire omwe ali pangozi ya ming'oma. Mufukufuku wa 2003, mwachitsanzo, amuna ndi akazi 36 ndi 60 anaposa masabata 45 a Tai Chi pa sabata khumi ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri. Kumapeto kwa nthawiyi, iwo adakula kwambiri ku varicella zoster virus. Gulu lolamulira lomwe silinachite Tai Chi silinalowe mu VVV chitetezo.
Zotsatira:
Maofesi a Kuletsa ndi Kuteteza Matenda (CDC). "Katemera wa nkhuku: Zimene Aliyense Ayenera Kudziwa." Nov 22, 2016.
CDC. "Aliyense Amene Ayenera Kudziwa Zokhudza Zostavax." Jan 25, 2018.
CDC. "Aliyense ayenera kudziwa za katemera wa shingles (Shingrix) Feb 28, 2018.
> Irwin MR, Pike JL, Cole JC, Oxman MN. Zotsatira za Kuchita Makhalidwe, Tai Chi Chih, pa Varicella-Zoster Virus Prevention-Specific Virus ndi Health Working in Akuluakulu Achikulire. Psychosom Med. 65.5 (2003): 824-830.