Matenda a shuga si ofanana ndi shuga insipidus
Matenda a shuga, kapena monga matenda ambiri a shuga, ndi matenda omwe amadziwika ndi shuga wambiri, kapena shuga wa magazi, omwe amamanga m'magazi pamene thupi lanu silingakwanitse kukonza shuga. Shuga yambiri yamagazi imakhala yachilendo kwa thupi ndipo imapanga zizindikiro zenizeni ndi mavuto omwe angakhalepo nthawi yayitali ngati shuga wa magazi sungatheke bwino.
Mawu akuti "mellitus," monga matenda a shuga, amatanthauza "uchi-wokoma." Matenda a shuga anayamba kudziwika ngati matenda okhudzana ndi "mkodzo wotsekemera," chifukwa pamene magazi akukwera m'magazi, amatchedwa hyperglycemia , amataya shuga mu mkodzo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zokoma.
Matenda a shuga alembedwa m'mbiri yonse, kuyambira nthawi ya Aiguputo. Anapatsidwa dzina la shuga ndi Aratus Wachigiriki wakale wa ku Kapadokiya. Komabe, nthawi yonseyi siinapangidwe mpaka 1675 ku Britain ndi Thomas Willis, yemwe adapeza kuti magazi ndi mkodzo wa anthu omwe ali ndi shuga ndi okoma. Chodabwitsa ichi chinali chitapezeka kale ndi Amwenye akale.
Matenda a shuga ndi osiyana ndi omwe sagwirizana kwambiri ndi shuga.
Mitundu ya shuga
Pali mitundu itatu ya shuga:
- Mtundu wa shuga 1 umachitika pamene mphukira imasiya kapena pafupifupi kuleka kutulutsa hormone insulin. Insulini imafunika kuti magazi a shuga azigwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndi thupi. Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga 1 ayenera kutenga jekeseni tsiku ndi tsiku. Mtundu wa shuga wa 1 umatchulidwanso kuti shuga ndi shuga ndi ana aang'ono.
- Mtundu wa shuga wa 2 umachitika pamene thupi silingagwiritse ntchito moyenera insulini zomwe zimapanga kapangidwe. Izi zimatchulidwa kuti insulini kukana . Kunenepa kwambiri ndi chifukwa chachikulu cha insulini kukana onse akulu ndi ana. Mtundu wa shuga wa 2 umatchedwanso kuti shuga wosadalira shuga komanso matenda a shuga.
- Gestational shuga amapezeka mwa amayi omwe ali ndi shuga wambiri pa nthawi yomwe ali ndi mimba koma sanapeze kuti ali ndi shuga kale. Atabereka mwana, amai ambiri amawona shuga awo amagazi akubwerera. Azimayi ena amapitiriza kukula ndi matenda a shuga.
Matenda a shuga Insipidus
Matenda a shuga amadziwika kwambiri ndi kukodza kwambiri ndi ludzu, komanso kumverera kofooka. Ngakhale izi zikhoza kukhala zizindikiro za matenda a shuga, ngati muli ndi shuga insipidus magazi anu a shuga adzakhala abwino ndipo palibe shuga yomwe ilipo mumtsuko wanu. Diabetes insipidus ndi vuto la kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa madzi kumayambitsa vuto la impso, kumene sangathe kuimitsa madzi. Polyuria (mkodzo wochuluka) ndi polydipsia (ludzu lopweteka) zimachitika m'thupi la shuga monga momwe amachitira shuga wambiri wamagazi.
Matenda a shuga amadziwika kuti ndi ochepa kwambiri m'magulu oposa 20,000 omwe amapezeka pa chaka. Matenda a shuga ndi ofala kwambiri, ndipo mtundu wa shuga 2 umakhala wochuluka kusiyana ndi mtundu wa 1. Pali matenda oposa 3 miliyoni a mtundu wa shuga 2. Mosiyana ndi matenda a shuga, shuga ya insipidus siyendetsedwa ndi kulamulira insulini. Malingana ndi zizindikiro zanu, dokotala wanu angapereke mankhwala ochepa a mchere, mankhwala a mahomoni, kapena mumawonjezera madzi anu.