Mafupa anu a metatarsal ndi mafupa aatali omwe amagwirizanitsa bulu lanu kumapazi anu. Pakati pa mitu ya mafupa a metatarsal ndi mabotolo a phalanges ( mapiko anu a toe) ndi ma metatarsophalangeal.
Mwa kuyankhula kwina, mafupa a metatarsophalangeal agwirizanitse mafupa anu a toe ku mafupa anu a mapazi. Mapepala amenewa akuzunguliridwa ndi kapule wochepa thupi ndipo ali ndi mitsempha yomwe imawathandiza.
Ndibwino kudziwa kuti, choyamba, mitsempha ya metatarsophalangeal imadziwika kuti chachikulu champhongo chophatikizana pamene chombo chaching'ono chimadziwika kuti ndichisanu cha metatarsophalangeal joint. Mankhwala otchedwa metatarsal oyambirira (amalonda akuluakulu) amasonyezanso ndi (kapena amagwirizanitsa ndi) mafupa awiri a samoamoid pamtunda wa phazi (pansi pa phazi).
Zinthu Zokhudza Zowonjezera za Metatarsophalangeal
Pali zifukwa zambiri za thanzi zomwe zimakhudza ziwalo za metatarsophalangeal, zomwe zimatchulidwanso kuti ziwalo za MTP. Zina mwazo ndizo:
Metatarsalgia
Metatarsalgia imagwiritsidwa ntchito kulongosola ululu uliwonse mu mpira wa phazi-gawo lofewa, lopindika pansi pa phazi lako lomwe limagonjetsa mafupa a metatarsal. Ngakhale zili choncho, vuto lofala kwambiri m'derali ndi metatarsophalangeal joint.
Bunion
Bunion ndi bony bump imene imapanga kunja kwa mgwirizano woyamba wa MTP. Chifukwa cha mapangidwe a bunion, chikhalidwe chotchedwa hallux valgus chingapangidwe chomwe ndi pamene chala chachikulu chimachoka kapena chimayang'ana chala zala zina.
Monga chala choyamba chikuphwanya chala chachiwiri, chala cha nyundo chimatha. Chinthu chofala cha mapangidwe a bunion ndi chovala chamanyundo chikuvala nsapato zolakwika (mwachitsanzo, zidendene zapamwamba kapena nsapato zomwe zimagwirizananso kwambiri).
Kuphatikizanso apo, mwinamwake mwamvapo mawu oti bunionette omwe ndi pamene mawonekedwe a bunion ali pamphwanyi kakang'ono kapena kachisanu ya metatarsophalangeal.
Nkhutu Zachimake
Nkhono zazulu zimapezeka pamene chophimba chachikulu chimagwedezeka, monga kusewera mpira. Makamaka, ndi chofufumitsa, MTP yokhala pamodzi ndi zowonjezera timagulu ndi tizilombo tavulazidwa, ndipo chophatikizidwacho chikhoza kuchotsedwa.
Arthritis
Ndi chifuwa chachikulu, nyamakazi ya nyamakazi, ululu mu mgwirizano wa MTP ukhoza kuchitika poima kapena kuyenda. Kuuma kwa m'mawa mu mgwirizano wa MTP kungakhalenso chizindikiro choyamba cha nyamakazi ya nyamakazi. Kutupa kwa mgwirizano wa matendawa kungapangitsenso kuti zikhale zosavomerezeka.
Mafupa a osteoarthritis, omwe sali otupa nyamakazi, amatha kupezeka mu mgwirizano waukulu wa MTP. Ndi phazi la osteoarthritis , katemera wa mgwirizano ukugwa, ndipo izi zingathe kupweteka ndi mavuto ndi kuyenda.
Gout ndi mtundu wina wa nyamakazi umene ungakhudze phazi, makamaka yoyamba ya MTP. Zizindikiro za kuukira kwa gout zikuphatikizapo mwadzidzidzi, kupweteka kwambiri, kufiira, ndi kutentha kwala zala zazikulu.
Pomalizira pake, nyamakazi yamagulu ya mgwirizano wa MTP ikhoza kuchitika. Ngakhale kuti sizodziwika bwino kuposa gout, matenda a nyamakazi amafunika kutayidwa kunja, monga momwe akuwonetsera kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a bakiteriya. Njira yomwe imatchedwa arthrocentesis , yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito palimodzi ndi kuyang'aniridwa ndi microscope ingathe kusiyanitsa pakati pa awiriwo.
Hammer Toe
Njola ya nyundo ndi kusalongosola molakwa kwa mgwirizano wa MTP, kawirikawiri pazitsamba chachiwiri. Pali zambiri zomwe zingayambitse choponderetsa nyundo. Mwachitsanzo, thumba la nyundo lingapangidwe pambuyo pa mawonekedwe a bunion, omwe amachititsa kuti chala chachikulu chitembenuke kapena cholowera chala chala chachiwiri.
Chingwe cha nyundo chikhoza kuchitika mu nyamakazi ya nyamakazi pamene minofu ya mafuta mu mpira wa phazi imakankhira patsogolo pala zala. Kuvulaza koopsa kwa chalachi kungayambitsenso nyundo ya nyundo, ndipo anthu ena amangobadwa ndi nyundo za nyundo, chifukwa cha chibadwa.
Pomaliza, ndizofunikira kuzindikira kuti mavuto ena angapangidwe, chifukwa cha chingwe cha nyundo, kuphatikizapo chimanga ndi masakiti odzaza ndi mabiras-madzimadzi odzaza madzi omwe amapanga pamene minofu yambiri imakhala pansi pamtunda ndikuwoneka kuti ndiwopseza kwambiri.
Kulimbana ndi Mavuto a Mipingo ya MTP
Pofuna kuthetsa mgwirizano wa MTP, dokotala wanu (mwachitsanzo, dokotala wa opaleshoni wamaphunziro yemwe amadziwika kuti akuyendetsa phazi kapena podiatrist) adzawona opaleshoni kapena njira zopanda opaleshoni.
Njira zamakono
Matenda ambiri omwe ali ndi mgwirizano wa MTP amatsogoleredwa mwachangu. Mwachitsanzo, pa nkhani ya bunion (vuto lofala la MTP), dokotala nthawi zambiri amalangiza kuti munthuyo azivala nsapato zoyenera, ngakhale zizoloŵezi zoyenera (zopangira nsapato zapadera zomwe zimapangidwira mapazi). Kwa mabunioni, nsapato yokhala ndi bokosi lalikulu, ndipo imodzi yofewa ndi yotambasula ikhoza kukhala yothandiza. Bunion pads angathenso kuteteza bunion kuchotsa.
Orthotics ingathandize kuthetsa mavuto ena a MTP monga metatarsalgia. Pachifukwa ichi, nsapato zazikulu kapena mapepala pansi pa mafupa a kutsogolo zingathe kuchepetsa mavuto.
Njira zina zopanda opaleshoni zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito ayezi kapena kumwa mankhwala otsutsa-kutupa (mwachitsanzo, ibuprofen) kuti achepetse ululu ndi kuchepetsa kutupa.
Njira Zothandizira
Pali njira zosiyanasiyana zopaleshoni zothetsera vuto lanu la MTP. Ngakhale zili choncho, opaleshoni nthawi zambiri amaganiziridwa ngati njira zamagetsi sizigwira ntchito.
Mwachitsanzo, njira imodzi imatchedwa kuti MTP yothandizira palimodzi ndipo imaphatikizapo kusakaniza mafupa a chala chachikulu komanso choyamba cha metatarsal palimodzi. Zikhoza kuchitidwa pamatenda a nyamakazi kumene khungu la khungu limakhala litatha ndipo ululu umene umapwetekawo suwamasulidwa ndi njira zosavomerezeka kapena zopanda ntchito.
Mayi woyamba wa MTP amalumikizana ngati opaleshoni yamasiku, koma kuchira kumatha miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Zojambula zazitsulo, ndipo nthawi zambiri, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti zikhale zolimba.
Njira ina yotchedwa "MTP" yowonjezera yowonjezera imayendetsedwa pamayendedwe a nyamakazi kuti athetse mavuto omwe samathetsa ndi mankhwala osamalitsa. Chophimba chachikulu champhongo chimachotsedwa ndi implants amagwiritsiridwa ntchito kuti alowe m'malo mwake. Izi zikhoza kupangidwa ndi chitsulo kapena pulasitiki. Zimasiyanasiyana ndi kusakanikirana kuti kuikidwa kumatsanzira zochitika zoyambirira.
Mawu Ochokera
Phazi ndi gawo lovuta koma lokhazikika la thupi, ndipo mamembala a phazi ndi ofunikira makamaka kulola kuyenda. Ngati muli ndi ululu wa MTP, womwe umayambitsa kupweteka ndi kuyenda, onetsetsani kuti mukuwona dokotala wanu kuti ayese bwino.
Zowonjezereka, ngati mukumva kufiira, kutentha, kapena kutupa kwadzidzidzi kwa mgwirizano wa MTP (omwe amapezeka mumodzi woyamba MTP), chonde funsani kuchipatala mwamsanga, kuti muchotse matenda.
> Zotsatira:
> American Orthopedic Foot & Ankle Society. (2017). First MTP Joint Fusion.
> American Orthopedic Foot & Ankle Society. (2017). Choyamba MTP Joint Replacement.
> Hul EV, Vanhoenacker F, Dyck PV, De Schepper A, Parizel PM. Pseudotumoural minofu yofewa ya phazi ndi minofu: ndemanga yazithunzi. Kuzindikira Imaging . 2011 Aug, 2 (4): 439-52.
> Shirzad K, CD Kiesau, DeOrio JK, Parekh SG. Zofooka zazing'ono zazing'ono. J Am Acad Kupatula Opaleshoni. 2011 Aug; 19 (8): 505-14.
> Whitney KA. (2016). Merck Manual Professional Version. Matenda a Metatarsophalangeal.