Pamene kumeza kumayesedwa kukhala wopanda ntchito, chosasinthika, ndizovuta kuyenda mozungulira pakati pa minofu ndi mitsempha yambiri.
Ichi ndi chifukwa chake ziwalo za ubongo, zomwe zimadziwika ndi kuwonongeka kwa ubongo, msana wamtsempha kapena mitsempha, zingayambitse mavuto kumeza (kutchedwa dysphagia).
Zotsatira za Neurological
Matenda omwe amapezeka kwambiri ndi dysphagia ndi awa:
- Sitiroko
- Mutu wachisoni
- Multiple sclerosis
- Cerebral palsy
- Dementia
- Ziphuphu za ubongo kapena msana
- Kuvulala kwa msana
- Matenda a mphutsi
- Myopathy
Malinga ndi chikhalidwe chokhudza thupi, munthu akhoza kutenga dysphagia chifukwa chapadera. Mwachitsanzo, pogwidwa ndi sitiroko, munthu akhoza kukhala ndi vuto lomeza chifukwa mwina pangakhale kupezeka kapena kuchedwa kugwidwa, kugwedeza mitsempha ya mmero, ndi kuvutika kuyendetsa kayendedwe ka lirime.
Mu matenda a Parkinson , dysphagia ikhoza kuchitika chifukwa cha kuchedwa koyankhidwa, komanso chizindikiro chomwe chimatchedwa kutulutsa phokoso, momwe lilime la munthu limasunthira mobwerezabwereza kuti chakudya chisachoke pakamwa.
Zizindikiro ndi Mavuto
Kulimbana ndi mavuto kungapangitse kupanga mankhwala, kupopera, kukakokera kapena kukakamira pakudya, komanso ngakhale kuyankhula kapena kumva mawu. Matenda a mapapu otchedwa aspiration chibayo angathenso kupezeka, monganso kuthekera kwa kusowa kwa zakudya ndi kusowa kwa madzi.
Pofuna kupewa zovuta za dysphagia, kuunika kwa matenda a ubongo kawirikawiri kumaphatikizapo kufufuza koyesa. Izi zingathandize kuzindikira dysphagia musanafike mavuto.
Zolinga za Zochita
Mankhwala opangidwa kuti apititse patsogolo kumeza akuyang'ana pa kumalimbitsa minofu ndi kumanga kumangirira kwa mitsempha ndi minofu yomwe ikuphatikizidwa pakumeza.
Ndipotu, kugwiritsa ntchito minofu yanu yokumeza ndiyo njira yabwino yowonjezera luso lanu lakumeza.
Kuphatikiza pa zochitika zomwe mungachite ndi mawu anu ndikumeza wothandizila, mungathe kukonzanso ntchito yanu yokumeza ndi masewera olimbitsa kunyumba.
Pano pali zochitika zina zowonongeka zopangidwa ndi akatswiri a dysphagia kukonzanso.
Kuchita Zochita Zolimbitsa Thupi
Zochita zosavutazi zingalimbitse minofu kuti ukhale ndi luso lomeza.
Pochita masewerowa, khalani pansi pambuyo ndikukweza mutu wanu ngati kuti mukuyesera kuti muyang'ane maso anu. Pamene mukuchita izi, onetsetsani kuti musakweze mapewa anu.
Ndi bwino kuchita masewerawa katatu kapena kasanu ndi kamodzi patsiku kwa milungu isanu ndi umodzi. Ngati mutha kuchigwira bwino, ndiye kuti mukhoza kutalikitsa nthawi ya mutu uliwonse kukweza ndi kuonjezera chiwerengero cha kubwereza.
Hyoid Lift Maneuver
Zochita izi zidzakuthandizani kumanga kumeza mphamvu ndi mchitidwe wa minofu.
Ikani mapepala angapo (pafupifupi inchi imodzi mwake) pa bulangeti kapena thaulo. Kenaka ikani udzu m'kamwa mwanu ndikuyamwa imodzi mwa mapepala mpaka kumapeto kwake. Pitirizani kuyamwa pa udzu kuti papepala likhalepo, libweretsereni kapu kapena chidebe chomwecho ndikusiya kuyamwa.
Izi zimasula mapepala mu chidebe.
Cholinga chanu pa gawo lililonse ndikuyika mapepala pafupifupi 5 mpaka 10 mu chidebe.
Mendelsohn Maneuver
Zochita masewera olimbitsa thupiwa ndi othandiza kwambiri pokonzanso kugwedeza kovuta. Zimaphatikizapo kumeza makola anu enieni. Kawirikawiri, ngati phula likulowa m'deralo pakadutsa pakamwa panu pamene imameza, apulo wanu wa Adamu (malo ovuta pafupi ndi khosi lanu) amanyamuka ndikubwerera mmbuyo.
Kuti muchite masewerowa, sungani apulo ya Adam yanu kukwezedwa kwa masekondi awiri kapena asanu nthawi iliyonse. Kuti mumvetse bwino kayendetsedwe kake, mutha kusunga apulo wanu wa Adamu ndi zala poyamba.
Bwerezani ntchitoyi kangapo patsiku mpaka mutha kulamulira minofu yanu yowuma popanda thandizo kuchokera m'manja mwanu.
Mwaluso Wolimbika
Cholinga cha ntchitoyi ndi kukonzanso kukambirana ndi kugwirizana pakati pa minofu yosiyanasiyana yomwe ikugwiritsidwa ntchito pakumeza.
Mwachidule, zochitikazo ndizomeza. Koma pamene mukuchita izi, muyenera kuyesa kupanikiza minofu yonse kuti imame molimba monga momwe mungathere. Simusowa kudya chakudya panthawiyi. Kumeza kokha kudzachita.
Gwiritsani ntchito masewerawa kasanu kapena kawiri, katatu patsiku kuti mukhazikike minofu yanu.
Supraglottic Swallow
Muyenera kuyesa ntchitoyi popanda chakudya poyamba. Pamene mukukhala bwino pa zochitikazo, mukhoza kuyesa ndi chakudya chenicheni m'kamwa mwako.
Ntchitoyi ili ndi njira zitatu zosavuta:
- Choyamba, tenga mpweya waukulu
- Gwiritsani mpweya wanu, pamene mumeza
- Chifuwa chotsitsa zitsulo zotsalira kapena chakudya chimene chikanadutsa pansi pa zingwe za mawu anu
Super Supraglottic Swallow Maneuver
Zochita izi ndizofanana ndi kayendetsedwe kabwino kafotokozedwe pamwambapa, koma ndi kupotoza kwina.
Mutapuma mpweya waukulu, perekani pansi pamene mukumeza. Kupanikizika kunapangitsa kuthandizira pakumeza ndi kuwonjezera mphamvu ya minofu yanu yowuma.
Mawu Ochokera
Ngati inu kapena wokondedwa wanu muli ndi dysphagia chifukwa cha mitsempha, machitidwe awa akhoza kuwongolera ndikuthandizira kupewa kuthamanga ndi kusowa kwa zakudya.
Pa nthawi ya kukonzanso, wothandizira wanu angalimbikitsenso kusintha kwa zakudya kuti zikhale bwino kumeza monga kugwiritsa ntchito udzu kapena supuni, kutenga zakudya zing'onoting'ono, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mpweya wambiri kuti mukhale ndi madzi ochepa.
> Zotsatira:
> Hegland KW, Davenport PW, Brandimore AE, Flet singal FF, Troche MS. Kukonzekera kwa kumeza ndi kukhwima ntchito pambuyo pa kupweteka: Kuyesedwa kwa mphamvu yopuma mphamvu ya minofu. Arch Phys Med Rehabil . 2016 Aug; 97 (8): 1345-51.
> Lembo AJ. (2017). Oropharyngeal dysphagia. Talley NJ, ed. Zaposachedwa. Waltham, MA: UpToDate Inc.
> Zophika L, Arreola V, Mukherjee R, Swanson J, Clavé P. Zotsatira za xanthan gum-based thickener pa ntchito yomeza ya odwala ndi dysphagia. Kudyetsa Pharmacol Ther. 2014 May; 39 (10): 1169-79.
> Tjaden K. Kulankhula ndi kumeza mu matenda a Parkinson. Kukongola Kwambiri kwa Geriatr . 2008; 24 (2): 115-26.