Kubwereza kwa Thalassemia Osadalira Kuika Magazi
Thalassemia ndi gulu la matenda omwe amachititsa hemoglobin, mapuloteni, mkati mwa maselo ofiira a m'magazi (RBC). Anthu omwe adzalandira thalassemia sangathe kutulutsa haemoglobini yomwe imayambitsa matenda ochepetsa magazi m'thupi (kuchepa kwa RBC) ndi mavuto ena.
Thalassemia ikhoza kusweka m'magulu atatu akuluakulu:
- Makhalidwe: Munthu amanyamula jini kuti asinthe koma alibe matenda. Nthawi zina amatchedwa thalassemia wamng'ono.
- Intermedia: Munthu yemwe ali ndi thalassemia kwinakwake pakati pa khalidwe ndi lalikulu.
- Ambiri: Munthu yemwe ali ndi thalassemia amene amafuna kuika magazi pa moyo wake wonse.
Kodi Thalassemia Intermedia Amapezeka Bwanji?
Ngakhale, nthawi zambiri zikuluzikulu za thalassemia zidziwika pazithunzi zowonongeka , anthu omwe ali ndi thalassemia intermedia sangakhale odziwika kufikira zaka zotsatira. Anthu awa amadziwikanso pa chiwerengero chokwanira cha magazi (CBC). CBC idzawonetsetsa kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi ndi maselo ofiira ochepa kwambiri. Izi zingasokonezedwe ndi kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi.
Kusanthula kumatsimikiziridwa ndi mbiri ya hemoglobin (yomwe imatchedwanso electrophoresis). Mu beta thalassemia intermedia ndipo khalidweli limayesa kukwera mu hemoglobin A2 (mtundu wachiwiri wa hemoglobin wamkulu) ndipo nthawi zina F (fetal). Alfa thalassemia intermedia nthawi zambiri amatchedwa matenda a hemoglobin H monga ichi ndi hemoglobin yambiri yomwe ikuwonetsedwa pazochitikazo.
Kodi Mavuto a Thalassemia Intermedia Ndi Otani?
Mavuto a thalassemia intermedia ndi awa:
- Iron yodzaza
- Osteoporosis: Kufooka kwa mafupa
- Extramedullary hematopoiesis: Izi zikutanthauza kukula kwa nthendayi, chiwindi ndi / kapena fupa la mafupa kuwonjezera maselo ofiira a magazi. Mafupa makamaka omwe amakhudzidwa ali mu chigaza - pamphumi ndi m'mafupa mafupa.
- Hypogonadism: Kuchepetsa kupanga kwa ziwalo zogonana. Izi zingalepheretse kutha msinkhu kuti zisadzachitike mwachibadwa.
- Zojambulazo:
- Magazi amatha
Nchifukwa chiyani anthu okhala ndi Thalassemia Intermedia Amapanga Iron Overload?
Pali zifukwa ziwiri zomwe anthu okhala ndi thalassemia intermedia amatha kupangira chitsulo.
- Bwerezani kuika magazi magazi: Ngakhale kuti ana omwe ali ndi thalassemia intermedia kawirikawiri samafuna kuikidwa magazi milungu itatu kapena 4 iliyonse monga ana omwe ali ndi zikuluzikulu za thalassemia , iwo amafunikira kuika magazi ambiri chaka chilichonse. Kuikidwa magazi magazi kofiira kulikonse kumakhala ngati mlingo wazitsulo (IV) wa chitsulo. Thupi liribe njira yabwino yochotsera chitsulo ichi kuchokera mthupi. Choncho, mobwerezabwereza kuikidwa magazi mobwerezabwereza kungapangitse kuti chitsulo chiwonjezeke, ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri m'moyo (wamkulu) kuposa anthu okhala ndi thalassemia (ubwana).
- Kuwonjezeka kwachitsulo chachitsulo kuchokera ku chakudya: Thupi limazindikira kuti fupa la fupa silichita ntchito yabwino yopanga hemoglobin ndi maselo ofiira a magazi. Hepcidin ndi mapuloteni omwe amaletsa kuyamwa kwa chitsulo. Mu thalassemia, mawere a hepcidin ndi otsika omwe amalola kuti chitsulo chikhale chokwanira kuposa momwe chikufunira. Ndikoyenera kuti anthu omwe ali ndi thalassemia intermedia atsatire zakudya zochepa zachitsulo ndi kumwa tiyi ndi zakudya monga tiyi timadzi timene timatengera chitsulo.
Kodi Njira Zothandizira Zotani za Thalassemia Intermedia?
- Chithandizo chamankhwala nthawi zonse: Osati munthu aliyense yemwe ali ndi thalassemia intermedia adzafuna chithandizo, koma nkofunika kupitiliza kuchipatala choyang'anitsitsa kuti awone zotsatira za mavuto.
- Kuthamangitsidwa: Anthu omwe ali ndi thalassemia intermedia angafunike kuikidwa magazi, koma kaŵirikaŵiri samakhala mobwerezabwereza ngati anthu omwe ali ndi thalassemia amakula mpaka akuluakulu. Kuwombera kungakhale kofunika panthawi ya kukula ndi chitukuko (kutha msinkhu), matenda makamaka omwe ali ndi malungo, mimba, kapena kukonzekera opaleshoni.
- Folic acid: Madokotala ena amatha kupangira folic acid tsiku lililonse kuti athandizire kupanga RBC.
- Splenectomy: Mu thalassemia, nthata ingawonjezere (splenomegaly) pofuna kuyesetsa kupanga ulimi. Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zovuta ndipo zingayambe kuwonjezereka kufooka kwa magazi ndi / kapena kuonjezera kufunika kwa kuikidwa magazi. Zikatero, splenectomy ingaganizidwe.
- Hydroxyurea: Hydroxyurea ndi mankhwala tsiku lililonse omwe amatengedwa pakamwa pofuna kuyambitsa hemoglobin, potero amachepetsa kufunika kwa kuikidwa magazi.
- Zakudya zochepa zachitsulo: Chifukwa chakuti anthu omwe ali ndi thalassemia intermedia ali pangozi yowonjezera chitsulo chowonjezeka kuchokera kuwonjezeka kwachitsulo chachitsulo mu zakudya, zakudya zosakaniza zachitsulo zingakonzedwe. Teya, makamaka tiyi yakuda, imachepetsa kuyamwa kwa chitsulo ndipo ikhoza kuperekedwa ndi zakudya.
Kuphunzira kuti muli ndi thalassemia intermedia kungakhale kochititsa mantha chifukwa simungakhale ndi zizindikiro. Onetsetsani kuti mukutsatirani ndi dokotala wanu monga ndondomeko kuti muthe kuyang'anitsitsa kuti zingakhale zovuta.
> Zotsatira:
> Benz EJ. Matenda a maselo a thalassemia syndromes, mawonekedwe a chipatala ndi matenda a thalassemia, ndi Chithandizo cha beta thalassemia. Mu: UpToDate, Post TW (Ed), UpToDate, Waltham, MA.