Mimba ya magazi imayambitsa matenda ochepetsa magazi m'thupi
Mwachidule
Matenda a m'thupi ndi matenda omwe amachotsa magazi. Zizindikiro zake zikuluzikulu ndizoperewera kwa nthawi yaitali (matenda osapitirira malire) ndi zowawa zapakati. Mu matendawa, maselo a hemoglobin m'maselo ofiira ofiira, omwe amanyamula mpweya m'thupi lonse, ali opanda vuto. Mamolekyumu amenewa amachititsa kuti maselo ofiira ena asinthe ndi kupanga mawonekedwe a chikwakwa. Maselo osawoneka ngati magazi ndi omwe amachititsa kuchepa kwa magazi ndi kupweteka.
Kukula
Chilombo cha matenda odwala matendawa chimapezeka pakati pa anthu omwe makolo awo amachokera ku Africa ya kum'mwera kwa Sahara, madera olankhula Chisipanishi padziko lonse lapansi (South America, Cuba, ndi Central America), Saudi Arabia, India, ndi mayiko a Mediterranean monga Turkey, Sicily, Greece , ndi Italy.
Poyesedwa kuti ndi nthenda yosawerengeka , kafukufuku tsopano akusonyeza kuti ku United States, nthenda yamagazi yamagazi imapezeka pafupifupi 1 mwa ana 500 aliwonse a ku Africa ndi America omwe amabadwa ndipo 1 mwa ana 900 aliwonse a ku Puerto Rico a ku America.
Pafupifupi anthu miyandamiyanda a ku America amanyamula jini lopanda chilema chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa magazi m'thupi koma sali ndi matendawa. Komabe, ngati anthu awiri omwe ali ndi kachilombo koyipa akukwatirana, pali mwayi umodzi wokha kuti mwana aliyense ali nawo akhoza kukhala wodwalayo.
Kudziwa
Mayiko ambiri ku US amachita mayeso a magazi pa ana onse obadwa kuti azindikire kuchepa kwa magazi. Ngati kafukufukuyo akuwonetsa hemoglobin yosadziwika, ayesa kachiwiri ka magazi kuti atsimikizidwe kuti ali ndi matendawa.
Zizindikiro
- Kupweteka: Maselo ofiira a magazi ofanana ndi ngodya ndi ovuta ndipo amavutika kudutsa mitsempha yaing'ono yamagazi m'thupi. Maselo amamatira, amamanga pamodzi, ndipo amaletsa kutuluka kwa magazi. Kuletsa magazi kumabweretsa ululu. Izi zimatchedwa "cell-cell crisis".
- Matenda a m'magazi: Maselo ofiira ofiira ngati mabala akufa mwamsanga. Panopa palibe maselo ofiira a magazi okwanira kuti azitengera mpweya mu thupi lonse. Zotsatira zake ndizokutopa, kupweteka, ndi kupuma pang'ono .
- Kulephereka kukula: Matenda a kuchepa kwa magazi amachepetsa kukula kwa maselo chifukwa maselo a thupi sapeza mpweya umene akufunikira kuti akule. Ana ndi achikulire omwe ali ndi nthenda yotaya maselo omwe ali ndi kachilombo kawirikawiri amakhala ndi malingaliro ang'onoang'ono kusiyana ndi anthu ena a msinkhu womwewo.
- Matenda a maso : Diso lingakhoze kuonongeka ndi kusowa kwa mpweya; Zingakhale zovuta kwambiri kuti zimayambitsa khungu.
- Matenda: Anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matendawa amatha kudwala chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa ma chitetezo cha mthupi.
- Kukwapulidwa: Ngati magazi akulowa mbali ya ubongo imatsekedwa ndi maselo odwala, mliri ukhoza kuchitika.
- Matenda a chifuwa chachikulu: Chifuwa cha chifuwa ndi malungo omwe amachititsidwa ndi sickle-cell anemia akhoza kukhala vuto loopsya.
Chithandizo
Kupweteka kwa mitsempha ya chikwangwani kumayambitsidwa ndi mankhwala opha ululu ndi zamadzimadzi. Zovuta zambiri zimachiritsidwa ngati zikuchitika. Mankhwala osokoneza bongo hydroxyurea angachepetse kuchuluka kwa matenda osokoneza makoswe okhwima komanso matenda achifuwa.
Ana aang'ono, mpaka zaka zisanu ndi zisanu (5), amapatsidwa mankhwala a penicillin kawiri patsiku kuti athe kupewa chibayo. Kuikidwa magazi kungathetse vuto la kuchepa kwa magazi, kuthandizira kupewa zikwapu, ndi kukulitsa kukula kwa mpeni. Komabe, pali zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri kuti nthawi zambiri muike magazi.
Thandizo lachipatala nthawi zonse ndi lofunika kwa anthu okhala ndi magazi odwala-cell cell.
Pokhala ndi thanzi labwino, anthu omwe ali ndi matendawa akhoza kukhala ndi thanzi labwino ndikukhala m'zaka makumi anayi ndi kupitirira.
Kafukufuku
Kafufuzidwe akupitiriza kufunafuna mankhwala kuti athetse nthenda yamagazi-maselo. Asayansi apanga makoswe a ma laboratory omwe ali ndi matenda odwala-selo ofanana ndi anthu kotero kuti mankhwala atsopano angathe kuyesedwa. Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mafuta a mitsempha kungathe kuchiza matendawa, koma msuzi uyenera kukhala wochirikiza bwino, ndipo njirayi ili ndi ngozi zambiri .
Chitsime:
"FAQs." 2007. Association of American Sickle Cell Anemia Association. 27 Jul 2009.