Mu nthenda yamagulu ya chikwangwani , pakalipano mankhwala abwino kwambiri omwe tifunika kuteteza vutoli amatchedwa hydroxyurea, nthawi zina mafupikitsidwe a HU. Hydroxyurea inayamba kupangidwa ngati mankhwala a chemotherapy m'ma 1960s. Anagwiritsidwa ntchito pa zinthu zosiyanasiyana zoopsa poyamba, koma wakhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito mu matenda a chikwangwani tsopano kwa zaka zoposa 25. Hydroxyurea ndiwo okhawo a FDA (Food and Drug Administration) omwe amavomereza mankhwala ochizira matenda odwala maselo.
Kodi Hydroxyurea Imagwira Ntchito Bwanji M'thupi la Matenda a M'thupi?
Mu chikwangwani cha odwala, hydroxyurea imathandiza thupi kutulutsa fetal hemoglobin (Hb F). Awa ndi hemoglobini yomwe imapezeka mwa ana akhanda. Ana obadwa kumene ali ndi matenda a sickle sakhala ndi mavuto m'miyezi ingapo yoyambirira ya moyo chifukwa hemoglobine ya fetus imateteza selo lofiira m'magazi. Kuwonjezeka kwa fetal hemoglobin kumathandiza kusunga selo lanu lofiira m'magazi mmalo mwa kulumala. Maselo ofiira a m'magaziwa amatha kuyenda m'mitsempha ya mitsempha bwino.
Kodi Phindu la Hydroxyurea Therapy N'chiyani?
M'maphunziro ambiri mwa ana ndi akulu omwe ali ndi sickle cell anemia, mankhwala a hydroxyurea akhala akugwiridwa ndi zovuta zochepa zochepa, zochepa za chifuwa cha chifuwa (zovuta m'mimba) zochitika, kuchepetsa kufunikira kwa kuikidwa magazi, ndi kuchepetsa kufunikira kwa malo ochiritsira. Hydroxyurea imapangitsanso hemoglobin yanu, zomwe zimakupangitsani kukhala ndi nthenda yochepa .
Kuwonjezera pamenepo, mankhwala a hydroxyurea akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi chiyembekezo cha moyo wautali kwa akuluakulu omwe ali ndi matenda a analowe a sickle.
Zotsatira Zotsatira
Malinga ndi mlingo umene umagwiritsidwa ntchito mu matenda a sickle cell, zotsatira zake ndi zochepa. Kutaya tsitsi, zilonda za m'kamwa, ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha matenda opatsirana ndi chemotherapy sichikuwoneka.
Hydroxyurea ikhoza kuchepetsa maselo oyera a magazi, hemoglobin, ndi mapaleletti. Chifukwa cha zotsatira izi, dokotala wanu adzayang'anitsitsa zowerengera zanu pafupi ndi chiwerengero chonse cha magazi ndi chiwerengero cha reticulocyte. Nthaŵi zina, kupweteka m'mimba kumawoneka koma kawirikawiri izi zimakhala zofewa ndipo zimathetsa popanda kuthandizira. Zotsatira zina zimakhala mdima wa misomali yotchedwa melanonichyia. Kawirikawiri, odwala ambiri amatha kupeza mlingo wa hydroxyurea omwe amatha kupirira ndi zotsatira zochepa.
Kodi Odwala Ayenera Kuganiza Bwanji ndi Chithandizo cha Hydroxyurea?
Malingana ndi ndondomeko zowonongeka kwa maselo a makoswe kuchokera ku National Heart, Lung, ndi Blood Institute (mbali ya National Institutes of Health) yofalitsidwa mu 2014, ana onse omwe ali ndi hemoglobin SS ndi sickle beta zero thalassemia ayenera kuperekedwa kwa hydroxyurea mankhwala kuti athetse mavuto patatha miyezi 9. Kwa akuluakulu, mankhwala a hydroxyurea ayenera kuganiziridwa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi mavuto atatu kapena kupweteka kwambiri pachaka, ululu umene umalepheretsa zochita za tsiku ndi tsiku, mbiri ya matenda a chifuwa chachikulu, kapena matenda ochepetsa magazi omwe amalepheretsa ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku.
Kodi Hydroxyurea Amayambitsa Kansa?
Zakale, izi zakhala zodetsa nkhaŵa kwambiri. Odwalawo poyamba ankachitidwa ndi hydroxyurea anali ndi zinthu zomwe zinawonjezera chiopsezo chawo choopsa (khansa) koma chifukwa chakuti anapeza khansara panthawi ya mankhwala a hydroxurea anali akuti mankhwalawa.
Mu matenda a ngodya, yankho ndilo ayi. Malingana ndi kafukufuku amene adafalitsidwa mu 2014 akuyang'ana odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a sickle cell, awo omwe anatenga hydroxyurea sanawonjezeke ndi chiopsezo cha khansa poyerekeza ndi omwe sanatengere hydroxyurea.
Kodi Ndingatenge Hydroxyurea Pakati pa Mimba?
Panthawiyi sizolandizidwa kutenga hydroxyurea panthawi ya mimba. Hydroxyurea ndi mankhwala a m'kalasi D omwe akuwoneka kuti ali pangozi yowonjezera mwana. Pali amayi ochepa omwe ali ndi matenda a sickle cell amene anapitirizabe hydroxyurea koma zina zowonjezera zimafunikira.
Ndingatani Kuti Ndisiye Kutenga Hydroxyurea?
Ayi, hydroxyurea si mankhwala. Zimangogwira ntchito ngati muzitenga monga momwe zakhalira. Hydroxyurea ndi mankhwala osapitirira kwa matenda aakulu omwe amafanana ndi mankhwala amene ali ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi tsiku ndi tsiku.
> Zotsatira:
> Castro O, Nouraie M, Oneal P. Hydroxycarbamide Kuchiza mu Matenda a Mliri a Matenda: Zomwe Zingatheke L Eememia Risk ndi Kupulumutsidwa Kwachipatala Kupindula. British Journal ya Hematology . 2014; 167: 687-691.
> Yang'anani RE. Momwe ndimagwiritsira ntchito Hydroxyurea Kuti Ndichite ndi Odwala Achichepere. Magazi . 2010; 115 (26): 5300-5311.