Pamene khansara yanu "imayikidwa," adokotala akuyesera kuti awonetsere khansara yanuyo malinga ndi kutalika kwake. Izi zimachitika mutapezeka kuti muli ndi khansara ya prostate potsatira mayeso a PSA kapena kafukufuku wina.
Gawo lanu la khansa ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito matendawa ndi njira yabwino yothandizira.
Kawirikawiri, malo ochepetsetsa anu, kansera yanu yayamba kwambiri komanso ikuyendera bwino.
Pafupifupi onse omwe ali ndi khansa ya prostate amatha kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndipo ndikofunika kumvetsetsa momwe izi zikukwaniritsidwira.
Mafunso Oyamba ndi Mayesero
Gawo loyamba pa masitepe limakwaniritsidwa pamene dokotala wanu amapanga kafukufuku wamakono a digito (DRE). Pafupifupi anthu onse adzalandira miyeso imeneyi. Kawirikawiri, dokotala amatha kudziwa kuti chotupacho ndi chachikulu bwanji komanso ngati chotupacho chili mu chimodzi kapena zonsezi (kapena lobes) za prostate.
Mayankho omwe mumapereka kwa mafunso kuchokera kwa dokotala anu za zizindikiro , monga kupweteka kwa mafupa (zomwe zingawonetse kuti khansara yafalikira mafupa), ingatanthauzenso kuti sitepe yapamwamba ya khansa ilipo.
Mayesero Ojambula
- Bone Scan
Khansara ya prostate, ikafalikira kutali ndi prostate, nthawi zambiri imagwera m'mafupa. Chifukwa chaichi, chimodzi mwa mayesero omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga khansa ya prostate ndi kupopera mafupa (nthawi zina amatchedwa "radionuclide bone scan").
Kuti muyambe kugwiritsira ntchito fupa , muyenera kukhala ndi jekeseni wamadzimadzi ochepa mu mitsempha. Nkhaniyi idzafalikira mthupi lonse, koma idzapita kumalo kumene mafupa alipo.
Maola angapo mutayika mankhwalawa, mumagona patebulo pomwe kamera yapadera imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti athe kudziwa komwe zinthu zamagetsi zimasonkhanitsa. Madera a thupi lanu ndi zinthu zowonongeka kwambiri "adzawunika" pa kamera.
Mwamwayi, matenda ena monga nyamakazi angayambitsenso mafupa ndipo "ayatsa" pang'onopang'ono. Chifukwa chaichi, ngati muli ndi malo omwe mumagwiritsa ntchito pang'onopang'ono, mumakhala ndi zovuta kuti mudziwe ngati khansa ilipo kapena ayi.
- Computed Tomography Scan (CT Scan kapena "CAT" Scan)
Kansalu ya CT imagwiritsa ntchito ma-ray kuti apange chithunzi cha mkati mwa thupi lanu. Pamene mugona patebulo, tebulo lidzalowa mkati ndi kunja kwa mphete yaikulu yomwe imapanga komanso imayang'ana x-ray. Zambiri za x-ray zimatengedwa nthawi yochepa ndipo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu a pakompyuta kuti apange "magawo" omwe akuwonetsera ziwalo m'thupi lanu. Mwinamwake mungayambe kapena musayambe kukhala ndi madzi osiyana omwe amalowetsedwa mkati mwake (IV, mu mitsempha) kuti akwaniritse chithunzi chabwino.
Kuwunika kwa CT kumathandiza pakuzindikira zotupa zazikulu, zopweteka kwambiri mu prostate kapena kwinakwake. Nthawi zambiri zimathandiza kwambiri kudziwa ngati khansa yanu yayamba kufalikira kwa ziwalo zina kapena zam'mimba pafupi ndi prostate. Iwo sali abwino makamaka pakunyamulira tizilombo tating'ono ta maselo a khansa m'thupi lonse.
- Maginito Resonance Imaging (MRI) Sanizani
MRI imawunika musagwiritse ntchito x-ray ngati CT scans. Mmalo mwake, amagwiritsa ntchito mafunde a mawudu kuti apange chithunzithunzi cha thupi. Zithunzi zojambulidwa ndi mawonekedwe a MRI ndi "magawo" a thupi lomwe lingathe kuphatikizidwanso kukhala mtundu wa 3D. Muyenera kunama pa tebulo yomwe imalowetsa mu chubu chachikulu. MRI amayesa kutenga nthawi yaitali kuposa momwe amachitira ndi CT kuti amalize ndipo mudzakulangizidwa kuti muzitha kumayesetsabe. Nthawi zina, mofanana ndi CT scans, chinthu chosiyanitsa madzi chikufunika kuti apange chithunzi chabwino.
Mankhwala a MRI amatha kupereka zithunzithunzi zowonjezereka za ziwalo zofewa monga ma lymph node, prostate, ndi zina zapafupi monga mitsempha ya mitsempha ndi chikhodzodzo.
- ProstaScint Scan
Kujambula kwa ProstaScint ndi chitukuko chatsopano chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito njira yofanana ndi fupa la fupa. Katemera wochepa kwambiri wa jekeseni umayikidwa mu mitsempha yanu. Komabe, nkhaniyi inakonzedwa kuti izitsatira malo omwe ali mkati mwa thupi lomwe maselo a kansa ya prostate afalikira. Kamera yapadera imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga fano la thupi lanu ndi malo a maselo a kansa ya prostate. Izi zimathandiza makamaka poyesera kudziwa ngati matenda ofewa (osati mafupa) thupi lonse lakhala likugonjetsedwa ndi maselo a khansa ya prostate.
Mayesero Ovuta
Nthawi zina, kuyesa koyambirira ndi kujambula koyambirira sikokwanira kupereka kanthana koyenera kwa khansa yanu. Kuyezetsa kosavuta kwambiri ndikofunika.
- Nthenda Yamadzimadzi Yophawala Panthawi ya Opaleshoni
Pamene prostatectomy yochuluka (njira yowopsa kwambiri ya khansa-kuchotsa opaleshoni ya kansa ya prostate) imachitidwa, dokotalayo amatha kuchotsa ma lymph nodes pafupi ndi prostate. Mankhwalawa ndi ena mwa malo oyambirira omwe khansara ikhoza kufalikira.
Ngati dokotalayo akudandaula kwambiri kuti khansara yanu ingathe kufalikira (chifukwa cha mapepala apamwamba kwambiri a PSA kapena chiwerengero chapamwamba cha Gleason ), ndiye kuti adzachotsa ma lymph nthenda ya opaleshoniyo ndipo adzafufuzidwa mwamsanga ndi katswiri wa matenda odwala khansa . Ngati palibe khansa imapezeka, opaleshoniyo imatsirizika monga momwe zakhalira. Ngati khansayo imapezeka m'matumbo, komabe opaleshoni imaletsedwa popanda kuchotsa prostate. Izi ndi chifukwa chakuti khansara ikafalikira kale kunja kwa prostate, kuchotsa prostate sikupindulitsa pang'ono wodwalayo.
- Nthenda Yamadzimadzi Yosaoneka Opanda Opaleshoni
Amuna amene amasankha kuti asayambe opaleshoni kuchotsa prostate (chifukwa, mwachitsanzo, amafuna kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito ma radiation ), nthawi zambiri, amafunika kukhala ndi maselo awo omwe amayang'anitsitsa kukhalapo kwa khansa. Zonsezi zingagwiritsidwe ntchito nthawi zina. - Laparoscopic Biopsy
Kwa njira imeneyi, dokotalayo sapanga nthawi yaitali m'mimba. M'malo mwake, amaika mabowo ang'onoang'ono m'mimba mwazimene zimagwiritsira ntchito zipangizo zing'onozing'ono, zochepa (kuphatikizapo kamera kakang'ono). Zida zimenezi zingathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi dokotalayo kuti athetse ma lymph nodes pafupi ndi prostate. Kenako maselo am'mimba amatumizidwa kukayesa. - Mpweya wabwino wamtengo wapatali (FNA)
Kwa njira iyi, katswiri wa radiologist (amene amaphunzitsidwa mwachindunji kuti azichita monga FNA), amachititsa singano yaitali kupyolera pakhungu ndi kumalo ena aliwonse owonjezera pafupi ndi prostate. Chitsanzo chochepa cha mitsempha yam'mimba imatulutsidwa ndi kutumizidwa kukayesa.
> Chitsime:
> Trabulsi EJ, Merriam WG, Gomella LG. Njira zatsopano zojambula mu kansa ya prostate. Curr Urol Rep. 2006 May; 7 (3): 175-80. Onaninso.