Mwapezeka kuti muli ndi khansara ya prostate , kodi mukuchita chiyani tsopano? Aliyense ndi wosiyana ndipo kusankha kwa mankhwala kumadalira zinthu zambiri. Pofuna kukuthandizani kusankha njira yothandizira, madokotala ambiri adzayang'ana za msinkhu wanu, thanzi labwino, Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) , Gleason Grade , Cancer Stage (kuphatikizapo maphunziro a radiographic omwe angachitike), Cancer Volume (kuchuluka kwa khansa uli mu prostate yako) ndi mbiri yakale ya zamankhwala (zomwe mukuchita opaleshoni ndi mavuto azachipatala omwe munakhala nawo kale).
Odwala ambiri akuyang'ana yankho "lolondola". Amamva ngati akuwoneka mozama ndikuwerenga mokwanira kuti apeze yankho. Zomwe timapeza ndizo malingaliro ambiri ophatikizidwa ndi zowona komanso zotsatira zaphunziro. Ndimalangiza odwala anga kuti apeze yankho lomwe liri "lolondola" kwa iwo. Mankhwala a mwana wazaka 50 ali ndi khansa ya Gleason 8 ayenera kukhala yosiyana ndi munthu wazaka 78 yemwe ali ndi kachilombo kakang'ono, kansa ya Gleason 6. Mankhwala onse ali oyenera kwa odwala ena koma osati odwala onse. Ubwino ndi kupweteka kwa chithandizo chilichonse ayenera kuyeza bwinobwino asanayambe kumwa mankhwala.
Chimodzi mwa zosankha zoyamba zomwe muyenera kuchita ndi ngati kansa yanu ikufunika kuchitidwa kapena ngati ikhonza kuyang'anitsitsa.
Kudikira Kudikira
Kwa odwala ena, njira yogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala ndi kutsatira PSA ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri. Timatcha Kudikirira Kowoneka Kapena Kuwunika Kwambiri. Izi zimachitidwa ndi khansa yapamwamba komanso yochepa ya khansa ya prostate.
Imeneyi ndi njira yabwino kwa mwamuna wamwamuna wathanzi kapena wachikulire. Kuwonetsetsa mwachidule kumatanthauza mafupipafupi a PSA cheke ndipo nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo biopsy yachiwiri (Zolangizi zimatha kuchokera pa miyezi itatu mpaka chaka chimodzi mutaphunzira). Ngati nthawi iliyonse khansayo ikuyamba kupitiliza chithandizo chamagetsi ingagwiritsidwe ntchito. Akuti pafupifupi 25 peresenti ya odwala oyenera kulembetsa malamulo omwe akudikirira amafunikira chithandizo chamankhwala patsiku lomaliza.
Mankhwala Ogwira Ntchito
Kuchiza mwakhama ndi mankhwala ndi cholinga chochiza, kuchotsa kapena kupha maselo onse a khansa. Pali mitundu itatu yokha yogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala.
Opaleshoni
Opaleshoni ya khansa ya prostate imachotsa prostate gland lonse ndi minofu yozungulira. Izi zingaphatikizepo zojambula zam'mimba ndi maselo am'mimba. Opaleshoniyo imatchedwa Radical Prostatectomy ndipo ikhoza kuyankhidwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana.
Prothatectomy Yothandizira Radial
Ndi opaleshoni yotereyi, dokotala wanu amachita kafukufuku wazing'ono 6 m'mimba mwanu. Pogwiritsa ntchito izi, zida zimayikidwa ndi dokotala wanu kupyolera mu robot. Robot yotchuka kwambiri ndi Da Vinci Surgical System. Phindu la prostatectomy yokhala ndi robotic ndi kuti nthawi zambiri kuchepa kwa magazi kumakhala kochepa, kuoneka bwino komanso nthawi yayitali yokhala ndi catheter. Chokhumudwitsa ndi chakuti palibe ndemanga yogwira mtima kwa dokotala wa opaleshoni (dokotalayo sangathe kumverera minofu yanu) ndipo pali njira yophunzirira yowonjezera. Odwala ambiri amatsengawa akuphunzitsidwa kuti achite prostatectomy mwamphamvu kwambiri.
Radical Retropubic Prostatectomy
Kuphatikizidwa kumapangidwa kuchokera pansi pa umbilicus pamwamba pa fupa la pubic.
Mapinduwa akuphatikizapo opaleshoni yaifupi ndipo motero kuchepa kwa anesthesia ndi kumva kwathunthu kwa dokotala. Kutsika kumakhala kawirikawiri kutayika kwa magazi pang'ono ndi kutalika kwa catheter kukhala.
Kalekale prostate inachotsedwa kudzera pa perineal incision (pakati pa anus ndi scrotum) koma izi sizingalole kuti munthu apite ku maselo am'mimba ndipo nthawi zambiri sachita. Njira yoyeretsera laparoscopic (popanda kugwiritsa ntchito robot) imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi opaleshoni ochepa.
Kuopsa kwa opaleshoni yonse kumaphatikizapo kutayika magazi, kusadziletsa, kuwonongeka kwa erectile ndi kuvulala kwa zomangamanga. Pali umboni wochepa wosonyeza kuti njira iliyonse imachepetseretsa chiopsezo chosafuna kudziletsa kapena kuwonongeka kwa erectile.
Mosasamala kanthu ka njira yomwe inu mukufunira kuonetsetsa kuti dokotala wanu ali woyenera ndi womasuka mu njira yosankhidwa.
Mafunde amatha kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zamphamvu kuti azipha khansa. Pali mitundu yambiri ya mankhwala ochizira mazira ndipo mitundu yatsopano imagwiritsa ntchito zizindikiro zoikidwa mu prostate gland kotero pali cholinga chofuna kuyendetsa mphamvu. Mitundu yatsopano ya ma radiation monga Proton Beam Therapy sayenera kutsimikiziridwa kuti ndi yabwino kapena yotetezeka kuposa momwe zilili panopo.
Maizoni amaperekedwa m'njira ziwiri. Khola lakunja liri ndi gwero lakunja lomwe limapanga ma radiation pa prostate. Brachytherapy ndi njira yomwe mbeu zowonjezera zimayikidwa mu prostate. Kupambana kumadalira kulondola kwa kutulutsa ma radiation ndi kuyembekezera kwa maselo a kansa. Mazira amatha kukhala pamodzi ndi mahomoni m'matenda ambiri oopsa.
Cryotherapy
Cryotherapy ya prostate ndi njira yomwe maselo a prostate amatha kuzizira kuti aphe maselo. Njira zamakono zimagwiritsira ntchito argon ndi helium kuti izi zitheke ndipo ndondomeko yofiira / thaw imabwerezedwa kawiri. Ndondomekoyi ikuchitika mu chipinda chogwiritsira ntchito pansi pa mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Cryotherapy imagwira ntchito kokha pamene khansa ili mkati mwa prostate. Ndi njira yomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pamene khansara ili pamalo amodzi kapena mankhwala omwe amalephera kuthandizidwa. Zopindulitsa zikuphatikizapo kuchepa kwa chipatala ndi kubwerera mwamsanga ku ntchito poyerekeza ndi opaleshoni. Kudumpha kumaphatikizapo mitengo yapamwamba ya Erectile Dysfunction kuposa ma radiation ngati chonsecho chiri chisanu.
Mankhwala Osalimbikitsa
Khansara ya prostate imakula chifukwa cha testosterone, homoni yamwamuna. Kuletsa kapena kuchotsa testosterone kumayambitsa maselo ambiri kuti ayambe kufa kapena kufa. Kwa zaka zambiri ichi chinali chithandizo chokha cha matenda opatsirana. M'mbuyomu, matendawa anayenera kuchotsedwa (orchiectomy) koma tsopano mankhwala osakhalitsa akhoza kuikidwa kuti akwaniritse zolinga zomwezo. Kawirikawiri mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito mogwirizana ndi mankhwala opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala.
Njira ziwiri zikuluzikulu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa testosterone: kuletsa kupanga ndi kutseka pempho. Izi zimapezeka m'njira zosiyanasiyana monga mapiritsi, implants, ndi jekeseni. Mankhwala angapo atsopano a kansa ya prostate amagwiritsa ntchito njira zabwino zothetsera testosterone kupanga kapena kulepheretsa kulandira.
Chemotherapy
Kachimotherapy ya kansa ya prostate imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamene mahomoni alephera. Zambiri zapita patsogolo zakhala zikuchitika zaka khumi zapitazi.
HIFU
Ultrasound ndipamwamba kwambiri ndi teknoloji yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito mafunde a ultrasound omwe amayang'ana kudera laling'ono. Izi zimapangitsa kutentha kwakukulu ndikupha maselo. Chifukwa cha ntchito yoyipa yochepa, njirayi imapezeka pokhapokha pafukufuku wafukufuku ku US.
Sipuleucel-T (Zopatsa) Sipuleucel-T ndi katemera wodwala khansa ya kansa ya prostate. Zimapangidwira odwala kapena odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a kansa ya prostate yosagonjetsedwa.