Ndipo Kodi Chibayo Chikhoza Kuchititsa Khunyu?
Pasanapite nthawi yaitali, ndinali ndi wodwala akulowa m'ofesi yanga akudandaula kuti anali ndi chibayo cha mphumu . Osakumbukira chibayo cha mphumu monga matenda omwe ndaphunzira ku sukulu ya zachipatala, ndinamufunsa chimene amatanthauza ndi vutoli. Poyankhula naye, munthu uyu yemwe ali ndi mphumu ya nthawi yaitali amaganiza kuti mphumu yake yayambitsa chibayo chomwe akufunafuna chithandizo.
Atafika, ndinazindikira kuti anthu ambiri adandifunsa mafunso ofanana ndi a chifuwa cha mphumu pazaka:
- Kodi mphumu ikhoza kuyambitsa chibayo?
- Kodi chibayo chingayambitse mphumu?
Tiyeni tiyang'ane pa mafunso onsewa ndi chifukwa chake ali ofunikira.
Phumu ndi Chibayo
Kuti tikambirane mafunso awa, tiyenera choyamba kufotokoza izi. Chifuwa cha mphumu ndi chikhalidwe chomwe chimakhala chitetezo chosinthika cha mpweya. Nthawi zambiri zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kutupa. Chibayo , mosiyana, ndi matenda a mapapo omwe amachititsidwa ndi mavairasi, mabakiteriya, kapena bowa. (Chibayo cha chilengedwe ndichoncho).
Zimayambitsa Vuto Loopsya
N'kofunikanso kusiyanitsa zifukwa ndi zoopsa. Mosiyana ndi chifukwa, chinthu choopsya chimapangitsa chiopsezo cha chinachake chikuchitika koma si chifukwa. Mwachitsanzo, kusambira m'nyanja kungakulepheretseni kumira koma si chifukwa chomira. Chowopsya sichikhoza kuyambitsa matenda koma chikhoza kukupangitsani kuti mukhale ndi matendawa.
Nthenda Yomwe Imayambitsa Nyamakazi
Poyamba tinayamba kudera nkhaŵa pambuyo pa kugwirizana pakati pa chithandizo cha COPD ndi chibayo. Panthawiyi, kafukufuku wafukufuku watsimikizira kuti omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo pamodzi ndi agonists otalikitsa (LABA) ( osakaniza steroid / LABA kuphatikizapo COPD) ali ndi mwayi wokhala ndi chibayo chachikulu ngati omwe amagwiritsa ntchito LABA yekha.
Ndi COPD, zikuwoneka kuti Flovent (fluticasone) ikugwirizana ndi mavutowa nthawi zambiri kuposa Pulmicort (budesonide).
Phunziro la 2017 linapeza mkhalidwe wofanana ndi mphumu. Anthu amene anadwala matenda opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opatsirana a mphumu anali 83 peresenti yokhala ndi chibayo omwe sanagwiritse ntchito inhalers. Kuwonjezeka kwa chiwopsezo cha chibayo, mosiyana ndi icho ndi COPD, chimodzimodzi ndi onse a Flovent ndi Pulmicort.
Sizodziwa kuti n'chifukwa chiyani mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda amawonjezera chiopsezo cha chibayo, ngakhale kuti zikugwirizana ndi zotsatira za steroids pa chitetezo cha mthupi. Zakhala zikudziwika kuti anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito oral steroids (monga matenda a chifuwa chachikulu) ali pachiopsezo chachikulu chotenga matenda monga steroids "amaletsa" chitetezo cha mthupi.
Pamene mukuyenera kukumbukira zoopsazi, sizikutanthauza kuti muyenera kusiya kumwa mankhwala a mphumu. Ngakhale kuti mankhwala onse a mphumu akhoza kukhala ndi zotsatirapo , saliids yosakanizidwa ikhoza kusintha zizindikiro za mphumu kwambiri. Kuika steroid yosakanizidwa kungakhale koopsa ku thanzi lanu kusiyana ndi chiopsezo cha chibayo chotchulidwa apa. Kuopsa kwa matenda komanso imfa ya matenda a mphumu ( status asthmaticus ) akadali vuto ku United States ndi padziko lonse lapansi.
Kodi Pneumonia Imayambitsa Khunyu?
Funso lothandizira lomwe timamva ndi lakuti chibayo chingayambitse mphumu. Pali chiwerengero chachikulu cha mabakiteriya otchedwa Mycoplasma pneumoniae omwe nthawi zambiri amayenda kuyenda chibayo. Kawirikawiri, matendawa amalingalira kuti ndi ochepa, kutanthauza kuti zizindikiro zidzathetsa ngakhale kuti simunalandire mankhwala opha tizilombo. Komabe, asayansi atulukira kuti matenda a Mycoplasma pneumoniae amachititsa zotsatirazi pa zinyama:
- Matenda opatsirana: Pamene akuganiza kuti ndi ofooka, asayansi akupitiriza kupeza umboni wa matendawa m'mapapo a nyama patapita miyezi yambiri pambuyo pa matendawa.
- Kutupa Kwambiri kwa mapapo: Mu maphunziro apamwamba, matenda omwe amapezeka ndi Mycoplasma pneumoniae amachititsa kutupa mapapo kwa miyezi 18.
- Zovuta zowonongeka pamapiritsi: Panthawi imodzimodziyo, asayansi anapeza umboni wodzitetezera komanso wa hyperreactivity wa airways.
Palinso umboni wina wa chiyanjano pakati pa chibayo ndi mphumu mwa anthu. Asayansi apeza umboni wakuti Mycoplasma pneumoniae ingayambitse kupweteka kwa mphumu, ndipo amachititsa kuti pakhale mphumu yoyamba. Makamaka, asayansi apeza:
- Mycoplasma pneumoniae amadziwika kwambiri pakati pa anthu omwe ali m'chipatala ali ndi mphumu poyerekeza ndi anthu omwe akuchipatala chifukwa cha zifukwa zina.
- Mycoplasma pneumoniae amapezeka kawirikawiri kwa ana omwe ali ndi vuto la mphumu.
- Pafupifupi 40 peresenti ya ana omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka Mycoplasma pneumoniae adzakhala ndi mayesero osakanikirana a pulmonary.
- Ana omwe ali ndi mphumu ndi matenda a Mycoplasma pneumoniae akhoza kukhala ndi zovuta zowonongeka pamapapo atatu ndi zaka zitatu pambuyo pa matenda.
- Ana omwe amavomerezedwa ndi Mycoplasma pneumoniae ali ndi mapangidwe apamwamba a asayansi omwe amagwiritsa ntchito pophunzira asthma yotchedwa vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) poyerekeza ndi ana omwe alibe mphumu. Chiyanjano cha VEGF ndi Mycoplasma pneumoniae chikusonyeza kuti zonsezi zikugwirizana.
Phumu, Flu, ndi Pneumonia
Mukhoza kumva za chimfine ndi chibayo pamene chimfine chimakhudza mudzi wanu koma chibayo ndi chidziwitso chowopsa cha matenda a chiwindi. Ngakhale kuti mulibe chiopsezo chowonjezereka kuti mukhale ndi matenda a chimfine chifukwa muli ndi mphumu, muli ndi chiopsezo chowonjezereka chokhala ndi zotsatira monga chibayo.
Maulendo anu amatha kale kutupa, kutupa, ndipo amakhala ovuta kuposa omwe alibe mphumu. Matenda a chimfine amachititsa kuti kutupa ndi kutupa kuwonjezeke.
Kawirikawiri thupi lanu limatulutsa mavairasi ndi mabakiteriya pamene alowa m'thupi lanu. Kuchuluka kwa kutupa kumawonjezera mwayi woti kachilombo ka chiwindi sichichotsedwe ndikukupangitsani mavuto. Pamene kachilomboka kamalowa mkati mwa alveoli kapena kupuma m'mapapo anu, alveoli ikhoza kudzaza ndi madzi omwe amachititsa zizindikiro za chibayo monga chifuwa, chifuwa, malungo, ndi kupuma kovuta.
Ngati madzi okwanira amamanga angatengenso hypoxia kapena kuchepa kwa mpweya wa okosijeni m'magazi. Izi kawirikawiri zimafuna chipatala.
Vuto la chimfine lingayambitse chibayo kapena mungathe kupanga tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe amafuna mankhwala opha tizilombo. Mukakhala ndi chimfine muyenera kuganizira mankhwala. Komabe, mankhwala abwino kwambiri ndikutenga matenda a chimfine ndikuwatchinjiriza.
Ngati mukudwala matenda a chimfine, dokotala wanu angafune kuti mukhale ndi kachilombo ka HIV. Mankhwalawa akhoza kuchepetsa zizindikiro ndipo amaletsa mavuto aakulu monga chibayo. Mankhwala oletsa tizilombo amafunika mankhwala kuchokera kwa dokotala wanu.
Chifuwa cha Mfupa-Nanga Bwanji Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo?
Chifukwa cha zonsezi, mwina mukuganiza kuti ngati anthu omwe ali ndi mphumu omwe ali ndi vuto la mphumu ayenera kukhala ndi mankhwala opatsirana nthawi zonse. Ngakhale tomwe takambirana kale, palibe zotsatila zamakono zopereka maantibayotiki kwa anthu omwe ali ndi mphumu. Kafukufuku akuyang'ana mankhwala ophera antibiotic a Mycoplasma pneumoniae poyerekeza ndi placebo anapeza kusintha kwa zizindikiro za mphumu, koma osati mapapu. Ngakhale malo ophunzirira, palibe zotsatila zamakono zowononga matenda aakulu a mphumu kapena mphumu ndi maantibayotiki.
Mfundo Yofunika pa Kugwirizana Pakati pa Phumu ndi Pneumonia
Mwachiwonekere pali kugwirizana pakati pa mphumu ndi chibayo, ngakhale sizikuwoneka kuti mphumu imayambitsa chibayo. Zomwe zapezeka ndi imodzi mwa mankhwala omwe amachiritsira matenda a mphumu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga chibayo. Poyang'ana zosiyana ndi izi, pali umboni wochuluka wosonyeza kuti mabakiteriya omwe amachititsa kuyenda chibayo angayambitse chitukuko cha mphumu. Njira imodzi, zikhalidwe ziwirizi zimayendera limodzi, ndipo kutenga matenda a chimfine ngati muli ndi mphumu zingakulepheretseni kukhala ndi chibayo.
> Zotsatira:
> Hong, S. Udindo wa Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Infection mu Asthma. Matenda, Khunyu ndi Kufufuza kwa Immunology . 2012. 4 (2): 59-61.
> Kew, K., ndi A. Seniukovich. Steroids Yowonjezereka ndi Ngozi ya Pneumonia ya Matenda Omwe Amachilomboka. Dongosolo la Cochrane la Zosintha Zogwirizana . 2014. (3): CD010115.
> Qian, C., Coulombe, J., Suissa, S., ndi P. Ernst. Chibayo Chimawopsa M'thupi la Odwala Pakati Pogwiritsa Ntchito Zowonongeka Corticosteroids: Phunziro la Quasi-Cohort. British Journal of Pharmacology . 2017. 83 (9): 2077-2086.
> Yin, S., Ma, F., ndi X. Gao. Msonkhano wa matenda a Mycoplasma Pneumoniae ndi Kuopsa Kwambiri kwa Kachilombo ka Ana. Kuyeza ndi Kuchiza Mankhwala . 2017. 13 (5): 1813-1819.