Kuwunika mwachidule za kapangidwe ndi kayendedwe ka phazi
Phazi laumunthu liri lovuta kumvetsa mofanana ndi momwe limakhalira komanso ntchito yake. Zowonongeka mwachidulezi zimapereka chidziwitso chachikulu cha mapazi a masewera ndi maumulungu monga zokhudzana ndi zina zomwe zimawopsya masewera, monga zophulika , zitsulo zamagulu, ndi fasciitis .
Makhalidwe Apafupi
Chotsogolocho chimaphatikizapo mafupa asanu a metatarsal, ndi phalanges (zala zala).
Fupa loyamba la metatarsal ndilo lalifupi kwambiri, lalikulu kwambiri ndipo limakhala ndi ntchito yofunikira pa nthawi yoyenda. Amaperekanso kukhudzana kwa tendon zingapo. Mafupa achiwiri, achitatu, ndi achinayi a metatarsal ndiwo malo olimba kwambiri a metatarsals. Iwo amatetezedwa bwino ndipo ali ndi zing'onozing'ono zokhazokha zojambula. Iwo sagonjera mphamvu zamphamvu.
Pamwamba pa mutu wa metatarsal yoyamba, pamtunda wa phazi, muli mafupa awiri a samoamoid ( fupa laling'ono, lopangidwa ndi chiwindi, lomwe limayamba mkati mwa tendon, kumene thambo limadutsa pamtunda). ndi mitsempha .
Pakatikati pake mumaphatikizanso mafupa asanu mwa asanu ndi awiri (ma navicular, cuboid, ndi matatu cuneiform). Mzere wa distal uli ndi cuneiforms zitatu ndi cuboid. Midfoot amakumana ndi zowonjezereka pamagulu asanu a tarsometatarsal (TMT). Pali ziwalo zingapo mkatikati mwakatikati.
Pafupipafupi, ma cuneiforms atatu amatsindika ndi fupa la navicular bone.
Mafupa awiri aakulu, talus, ndi calcaneus amapanga hindfoot. Kalanasi ndi fupa lalikulu kwambiri la tarsal ndipo limapanga chidendene. Ndalamayi imakhala pamwamba pake ndipo imapanga pakhosi.
Ulendo wa mapazi ndi zala
Kusuntha kwachitsulo kumachitika pamagulu .
Mapepala amenewa amatha kuyenda mozungulira mbali ziwiri. Kuphatikizanso apo, ziwalozo zimaloleza kubetcherako ndi kulandira zala zala.
Phazi lonseli (kuphatikizapo zala zala) liri ndi kayendedwe kawiri: kutembenuka ndi eversion. Zolumikiza zonse za hindfoot ndi midfoot zimathandiza kuzinthu zovuta zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kusuntha pamagulu a mavoti.
Foot Foot Arches
Phazi liri ndi ntchito ziwiri zofunika: kutenga zolemera ndi kutayira. Ntchito izi zimafuna kuti chikhale cholimba. Komanso, phazi liyenera kusinthasintha kuti likhale lofanana ndi malo osagwirizana. Mafupa ambiri ndi mapazi a phazi amapereka kusinthasintha, koma mafupa ochulukawa amayenera kupanga chingwe chothandizira kulemera kulikonse.
Phazi liri ndi mizere itatu. Mthunzi wautali wamkati wamkati ndi wamtengo wapatali kwambiri komanso wamtengo wapatali kwambiri m'mizere itatu. Zimapangidwa ndi calcaneus, talus, navicular, cuneiforms, ndi masatarsal atatu oyambirira. The lateral longitudinal chigoba ndi chochepetsedwa komanso chophweka kusiyana ndi chithunzi chamkati. Amapangidwa ndi calcaneus, cuboid, ndi yachinayi ndi yachisanu ya metatarsals . Chombocho chimapangidwa ndi cuneiforms, cuboid, ndi masitita asanu a metatarsal.
Zitsulo za phazi zimasungidwa ndi mawonekedwe a mafupa ndi mitsempha.
Ndiponso, minofu ndi timatope zimathandiza kwambiri pochirikiza mabowo.
Mitundu ya Mphindi
Mapazi a phazi amawoneka ngati amtundu kapena kunja. Minofu ya mkati ili mkati mwa phazi ndipo imayambitsa kayendedwe ka zala. Minofu imeneyi imasintha zinthu (zamasamba zamasamba), zowonjezera (dorsiflexors), ogwidwa, ndi opondereza zala. Minofu yambiri imathandizanso kuthandizira miyendo ya phazi.
Minofu yotuluka kunja imakhala pansi pa phazi, m'munsi mwendo . Matenda amphamvu a gastrocnemius (ng'ombe) ali pakati pawo. Amakhala ndi matenda ambiri omwe amayenda pamsana, kuti agwirizane ndi mafupa a phazi ndikuthandizira kuyenda.
Talus, komabe, ilibe zida zowonjezera.
Kuchokera
Anatomy ya Foot, Arthritis Foundation.