Ndi Njira Yabwino Yoyesa Kuopsa kwa Kakhadi?
Ndizodziwika bwino kuti kukhala woposa kunenepa kwambiri kapena kunenepa kwambiri ndi chinthu chofunika kwambiri cha matenda a mitsempha yam'mimba (CAD) , matenda a mtima , ndi kupweteka . Komabe, ochita kafukufuku amasiyana ndi njira yodziŵira ngati munthu ndi "nayenso" woposa kunenepepa - ndikolemera, kolemetsa kuti awononge matenda awo a mtima . Njira zitatu zomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi BMI (chiwerengero cha misala ya thupi), chiuno chozungulira, ndi chiuno.
Koma kodi wina amaposa ena?
BMI
Chiyeso chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri poyesa chiwopsezo chokwanira ndi BMI, chiŵerengero cha kulemera kwanu ku malo ake a kutalika kwake. A BMI a 25 - 29.9 amaonedwa kuti ndi olemera kwambiri, kuyambira 30 - 34.9 ndi ochepa, ndipo 35 kapena kuposa ndi ochepa kwambiri. Owerenga BMI ndi osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito (zonse zomwe mukufunikira ndi kutalika kwake ndi kulemera kwake) ndipo zimapezeka mosavuta pa intaneti. (Pano pali chimodzi kuchokera ku NIH.)
BMI ili othandiza chifukwa chiyeso ichi chagwiritsidwa ntchito mu maphunziro ambiri azachipatala, kotero kufufuza kochuluka kwachitidwa ndi njira ya BMI. Ndipotu, tanthauzo loti "olemera kwambiri," "ochepa kwambiri" komanso "olemera kwambiri" anali okhazikika pa maphunziro awa a BMI.
Komabe, BMI nthawi zonse si yolondola. Amagwiritsira ntchito mafuta amtundu wa anthu omwe ali ndi minofu yambiri ndipo amayamba kuchepetsa anthu okalamba (omwe nthawi zambiri amataya minofu).
Chiuno Kusadulidwa
Cholinga chogwiritsa ntchito chiuno ngati chiwopsezo cha mthupi chimachokera kukuti kunenepa kwa m'mimba (kuwonjezeka kwa minofu m'mimba) kawirikawiri kumakhala "koipitsitsa" kusiyana ndi kupeza mafuta kwinakwake (monga matako kapena ntchafu).
Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti kunenepa kwa m'mimba kumagwirizanitsa ndi chiopsezo chochuluka cha matenda a mtima, komanso matenda a shuga , matenda oopsa , ndi shuga .
Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti chiuno chakumtunda cha masentimita 102 kapena kuposa (masentimita 102) mwa amuna, ndi masentimita 35 kapena kuposa (masentimita 88) mwa akazi, chikuphatikizidwa ndi ngozi yaikulu ya mtima.
Chiwerengero cha Hip-To-Hip
Chiŵerengero cha m'chiuno ndi chiuno ndi njira ina yowunika kuchepa kwa m'mimba, ndipo maphunziro asonyeza kuti chiyerochi chikugwirizana kwambiri ndi matenda a mtima. Kuti muwerengetse chiŵerengero chanu cha m'chiuno-to-hip, yesani mchiuno mwanu ndi mchiuno, ndipo mugawani chiwerengero cha m'chiuno ndi muyeso. Kwa amayi, chiŵerengerocho chiyenera kukhala 0,8 kapena pang'ono, ndipo mwa amuna, chiyenera kukhala 1.0 kapena pang'ono. (Izi zikutanthauza kuti mwazimayi ayenera kukhala ochepa kuposa chiuno, ndipo amuna, chiuno chiyenera kukhala chochepa kapena chofanana ndi m'chiuno.)
Chiŵerengero cha m'chiwuno ndi chingwe chili chothandiza chifukwa chakuti anthu ochepa amatha kudula chiopsezo. Poyerekezera chiuno chozungulira ndi chizungulire, mukhoza kupeza chisonyezero chabwino cha mimba yolemera kwambiri.
Kodi Ndiyeso Yanji Yosavuta Pakudziwitsa Ngozi?
Palibe yankho lolondola la funso ili.
Bungwe la BMI ndilo "muyeso" wa kunenepa kwambiri, chifukwa ndiyeso imene bungwe la NIH, American Heart Association, American College of Cardiology, ndi The Obesity Society likuyendera. Izi zikulimbikitsidwa, kachiwiri, zimachokera ku bungwe lalikulu la kafukufuku yemwe wagwiritsira ntchito BMI kulongosola zotsatira za mtima.
Komabe, nkofunika kuzindikira kuti, pamene BMI ndi yabwino kulongosola za chiopsezo chachikulu mwa anthu ambiri, sizingakhale zenizeni molondola kwa munthu wopatsidwa.
Komanso, silingaganizire mwachindunji kukula kwa kunenepa kwa m'mimba kumene munthu angakhale nako.
Kafukufuku wambiri wasonyeza kuti girth ya m'mimba ikhoza kukhala yolondola kwambiri kuposa BMI pakulosera matenda a mtima. Makamaka, pamene BMI imayambitsa matenda a mtima, ndizowoneka ngati zofooka pamene zizindikiro zina (monga shuga, kusuta, cholesterol, zakudya, ntchito, ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi) zimaganiziridwa. Mosiyana ndi izi, kafukufuku wina wasonyeza chiwerengero chapamwamba chokwanira kuti chikhale cholimba cha matenda a mtima, ngakhale zitatha kusintha kwazifukwa zina zoopsa.
Mfundo Yofunika Kwambiri
Kulemera kwambiri ndikofunika kwambiri kwa matenda a mtima ndi matenda monga shuga. Funso la momwe tingafunikire kuyeza ngati tikuyesa "mochuluka" ndi labwino, koma nthawi zambiri, silovuta kwambiri kuti tilingalire.
Madokotala ambiri tsopano akudalira njira zingapo kuti alangize odwala pangozi yawo yolemera. Ngati BMI yanu ili ndi 35 kapena apamwamba, ndizofunika kwambiri kuti mudziwe. Ndipo ngati BMI yanu ndi 30 - 35, pokhapokha mutakhala womanga thupi kapena mtundu wina wa wothamanga, mumakhala olemera kwambiri. Koma ngati muli mu "olemera kwambiri," kudziwa kuti chiuno chanu chozungulira kapena chiuno chanu chikhoza kukuuzani chinthu chofunikira, popeza kuti kunenepa kwa m'mimba n'koipa ngakhale mutakhala wolemera kwambiri.
Phindu lina lachiuno-to-hip chiŵerengero ndi chakuti mukhoza kudziyesa nokha, popanda kulingalira chirichonse, pakhomo panu. Ingokungolerani kupita ku skivvies zanu ndikuyang'ane nokha pagalasi, zonsezi ndizochitika. Ngati chiuno mwanu ndi chachikulu kuposa chiuno, mwatayika, ndipo kuwonjezereka kwanu kukuthandizani kuopsa kwa mtima wanu wonse . Kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chanu, kulemera kwanu ndi chinthu chomwe mukufunika kuchikwaniritsa.
Zotsatira:
KM Lawyer, Carroll MD, Kit BK, ndi al. Kuwonjezeka kwa kunenepa kwambiri ndi zochitika pakugawidwa kwa chiwerengero cha mthupi pakati pa akuluakulu a US, 1999-2010. JAMA 2012; 307: 491.
Jensen MD, Ryan DH, Apovian CM, ndi al. 2013 AHA / ACC / TOS ndondomeko yoyendetsa kulemera kwa kunenepa kwambiri ndi kunenepa kwambiri kwa akuluakulu: lipoti la American College of Cardiology / American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines ndi The Obesity Society. Circulation 2014; 129: S102.
Coutinho T, Goel K, Correa de Sá D, et al. Kuphatikizira ndondomeko ya mthupi la thupi ndi kukula kwa kunenepa kwakukulu pakuwonetsetsa za imfa mu nkhani zomwe zili ndi matenda a mtima. Udindo wa "kulemera kwakukulu pakati pa kunenepa kwambiri." J Am Coll Cardiol 2012; 61: 553-560.