Kotero inu mwawonapo chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi matenda a mtima, ndipo icho chimafika pokwera. Pano mumatani tsopano?
Gawo 1: Tengani izi mozama
Ngati zifukwa zanu zoopsa za matenda a mtima zimakuika mumagulu akuluakulu, izi zikutanthauza chimodzi mwa zinthu ziwiri. Momwemo chiopsezo chanu chokhala ndi matenda a mtima m'zaka zingapo zotsatira ndikukwera kwambiri, kapena muli ndi matenda a mtima ndipo simudziwabe.
Mwamwayi, anthu ambiri omwe amaphunzira kuti ali mu "chiopsezo chachikulu" amakhala ndi matenda akuluakulu am'thupi (CAD) - sakudziwa chifukwa, mpaka pano, alibe zizindikiro .
Choncho kukhala ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha mtima ndizovuta kwambiri, ndipo kumafuna yankho lalikulu kwambiri.
Gawo 2: Onetsetsani Kuti Dokotala Wanu Akuchita Izi Mwachangu
Kupeza kuti wodwalayo ali pachiopsezo chachikulu cha chochitika chachikulu cha mtima, makamaka chimodzi mwa Acute Coronary Syndromes (ACS) , ayenera kupereka yankho linalake kuchokera kwa dokotala.
Dokotala wanu ayenera kukuchitirani zinthu ziwiri nthawi yomweyo: a) Ganizirani ngati muli kale ndi matenda a mitsempha, ndipo ngati zili choncho, yesani mankhwala abwino, ndipo b) Tengani njira zothandizira kuti musinthe zinthu zonse zomwe mungathe kuzipewa.
Chifukwa chakuti odwala ena omwe ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu amakhala kale ndi CAD yayikulu, kufufuza kosakhala kosafunika kuyenera kulingalira mozama kuti izi zitheke.
Kafukufukuyu adzaphatikizapo kashiamu ya mtima , ndi / kapena nkhawa / thallium .
Ngati kuyeza kosakhala kosavuta kumaonetsa CAD, ndiye kuti zithetsedwe kuti zithetse, komanso kuchepetsa mwayi wokhala ndi ACS.
Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, dokotala wanu ayenera kukhazikitsa ndondomeko yoyenera yothetsera mavuto onse omwe angasinthe - kuphatikizapo zakudya , kulemera kwa thupi, kusuta fodya, kuthamanga kwa magazi , ndi cholesterol - ndipo ayenera kuyamba mankhwala nthawi yomweyo.
Dokotala wanu ayenera kukupatsani zonse zomwe ali nazo kuti akulimbikitseni ndikukuthandizani kusintha moyo wanu kuti muchepetse chiopsezo chanu.
Dokotala wanu ayenera kuwonetsanso kuti ali ndi mtima wokhudzidwa ndi kukulitsa katsabola ya LDL ndi ma CDL cholesterol , komanso kulamulira mphamvu ya magazi ndi shuga ya magazi (ngati kuli kotheka).
Dokotala wanu ayenera kusonyeza malingaliro oyenera pa chiopsezo chanu - moyo wanu uli pangozi pano, ndipo akuyenera kutenga izi mozama. Izi zimaphatikizapo kukukwerani kwambiri kuti musinthe moyo wanu.
Komanso kumbukirani kuti madokotala ndi anthu, ndipo chikhalidwe cha umunthu chimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuchotsa zonse zomwe zimaperekedwa kwa wodwala yemwe akukana kuchita zomwe akufuna. Zimandivuta kudzipangitsa nokha ngati dokotala kuti apite kutali kwa wodwalayo yemwe sangangopanga zofuna zenizeni ndi zosavuta kuchita, kuchepa thupi, kapena kusiya kusuta.
Gawo 3: Yambani Manhattan Project Yanu
Ngakhale dokotala wanu akufunika kukuthandizani kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha mtima wanu, gawo lofunika kwambiri la ntchito ndi lanu.
Kuchepetsa mwapang'onopang'ono chiopsezo chanu ndi chinthu chomwe chidzachitika pokhapokha kudzipatulira kwanu, ndipo sizovuta.
Kuchita zomwe ziyenera kuchitidwa kawirikawiri kumaphatikizapo kusintha kwakukulu m'maganizo onse ndi moyo umene anthu ambiri amawoneka kuti sangakwanitse.
Mphamvu yofunikira ikugwirizana ndi kuyesa kumene US anapanga kuti apange bomba la atomiki pa nthawi ya WWII. Chinali chinthu chowoneka kuti sichingatheke, komabe tikapanda kutero, chiopsezo chinali chachikulu kuti a German kapena a Japanese angatipunthwitse ku nkhonya. Choncho, potsutsana ndi zovuta zonse, tinasokoneza katundu wathu ndikuchita Manhattan Project.
Ichi ndi chimodzimodzi khama lomwe mukufunikira kupanga. Polimbana ndi zovuta, muyenera kusintha moyo wanu.
Ngati simutero, mudzakumana ndi zotsatira zake, mwinamwake zaka zambiri mmbuyomu zomwe simungaganize.
Kuti odwala ambiri omwe ali pachiopsezo chachikulu amatha kupanga zofuna zokhazokha kuti athe kusintha chiopsezo chawo akhoza kugwirizana ndi kulephera kwa madokotala oyang'anira chisamaliro ndi madokotala kuti asamalire kufunika kwa moyo ndi imfa pakufunika kusintha miyambo.
Kodi pali gulu lililonse la madokotala omwe athandiza odwala awo kusiya chilichonse chimene akuchita, kuti aganizire mwadzidzidzi mphamvu iliyonse kuti ayambirenso thanzi lawo?
Inde. Ndiwo oncologists. Odwala omwe akuuzidwa kuti ali ndi khansa nthawi zambiri amaika china chirichonse ndikudzipangira okha kuchita chilichonse chomwe chili chofunikira (ngati opaleshoni, ma radiation, kapena chemotherapy, nthawi zambiri zowawa, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimatha miyezi kapena zaka) kuyesa mankhwala. Izi ndi zomwezo zomwe odwala ayenera kulandira pamene akuuzidwa kuti ali pachiopsezo chachikulu cha matenda a mtima, kufa mwadzidzidzi, kapena kupweteka.
Pambuyo pake, kuuzidwa kuti uli pa chiopsezo chachikulu cha chochitika cha mtima sikuli kosiyana kwambiri kuposa kukuwuzidwa kuti uli ndi khansa. Matenda a mtima nthawi zambiri amalepheretsa kapena akupha, ndipo zotsatira zake zimakhala zosadalira maganizo anu komanso kutenga nawo mbali mukuchita zomwe zikufunikira. Ngati chili chonse, muli ndi mwayi wabwino kwambiri wosinthira zotsatira zake kuposa odwala wodwala khansa.
Ndizovuta kwambiri. Ndipo inu ndi dokotala wanu muyenera kumangothamanga zonse zomwe zilipo kuti muletse matenda omwe angakuvulazeni kapena kukupha posachedwa. Mankhwala ndi ofunika kuchepetsa chiopsezo chanu, koma kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, zakudya, kulemera kwa thupi ndi kusuta fodya ndizovuta.
Njira Yopambanitsira, Kapena Yonse Panthaŵi Yonse?
Kawirikawiri, anthu omwe ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu omwe ndi opambana kwambiri ndi omwe amatsatira "kusintha zonse" tsopano - omwe amavomereza kuti kusintha kwathunthu kwa moyo ndikofunikira. Aleka kusuta, ayambe kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, ndikusintha zakudya zawo mwakamodzi. Ndipo amachitapo kanthu poika chiopsezo choyambitsa chisankho cha mutu wapadera wa miyoyo yawo. Tsiku lina iwo amakhala ndi moyo wapamwamba kwambiri, ndipo tsiku lotsatira iwo sali. Kuchotsa zoopsa zawo kumakhala kofunika kwambiri pamoyo wawo, mpaka moyo watsopano ukhale chizoloŵezi chokhazikika (ndipo iwo ndi anthu osiyana). Zimamveka zovuta, ndipo ziri. Moyo ndi imfa ndizovuta.
Kupeza njira zowonjezera pa moyo, kusintha kwake, ngakhale kumakhala kosavuta kumaso, sikugwira ntchito kwa anthu ambiri. Ngati zakudya ndi masewero olimbitsa thupi akusiyidwa mpaka fodya itaimitsidwa, mwachitsanzo, ganizirani zomwe zikutanthawuza. Momwemo mutha kukhala ndi moyo womwewo nthawi zonse mumachita, kupatula ngati mukuyesera kusiya kusuta. Ndizovuta. Momwemo kusuta sikungatheke, ndipo zakudya ndi masewero olimbitsa thupi sungayankhidwe konse, ndipo posakhalitsa chaka kapena ziwiri kapena zisanu zimapita - ndipo ndichedwa kwambiri.
Aliyense ndi wosiyana, ndipo njira yopita patsogoloyo ingakhale yokhayo yomwe ingatheke kwa anthu ambiri. Ntchito iliyonse ndiyo njira yabwino kwambiri. Koma pakuchita "kupititsa patsogolo" nthawi zambiri zimasonyeza kuti malamulo amalephera kuvomereza kusintha kwakukulu komwe kuli kofunikiradi. Kuphunzira maphunziro apamwamba, mwa kuyankhula kwina, kungakhale chizindikiro chosonyeza kuti munthu alibe mtundu wokonzekera nkhondo womwe ukufunika kuti athetse zotsatira zoipa.
Kaya mumasankha kupitako pang'onopang'ono kapena kuyendetsa nthawi zonse, onetsetsani kuti mukuwona kuti mukufunika kusintha kwambiri.
Zotsatira:
Yusuf S, Hawken S, Ounpuu S, et al. Zotsatira za zifukwa zomwe zingasinthe chifukwa cha myocardial infarction mu mayiko 52 (kuphunzira kwa INTERHEART): kuphunzira kuyang'anira. Lancet 2004; 364: 937.
Akesson A, Larsson SC, Discacciati A, Wolk A. Chakudya chokhala ndi pangozi yochepa komanso zozoloŵera zamoyo zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a myocardial infarction pakati pa amuna: anthu omwe amawunikira maphunziro awo. J Am Coll Cardiol 2014; 64: 1299.
Lembani NB, DK anyezi, Pambuyo pa RE, et al. Mapulogalamu othandizira matenda a m'magulu a anthu onse m'madera akumidzi, 1970-2010. JAMA 2015; 313: 147.