Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi kansa ya m'mapapo ndipo angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuchepetsa mwayi wobwereza, ndi cholinga chochizira (monga ndi SBRT), kapena njira yothetsera ululu kapena kupweteka kwa matenda opatsirana. Ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri phindu limaposa zoopsa, zonsezi zimakhala zochepa Ndibwino kukumbukira ubwino wa mankhwala poyang'ana zotsatira zowonongeka ndi kukambirana nawo ndi ma radiation oncologist .
komanso zotsatira za nthawi yaitali zomwe zingachitike. Kodi zotsatirazi zimakhala zotani ndi zomwe mungayembekezere?
Nthawi Yakale ndi Yakale
Aliyense amayankha mankhwala opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito khansa ya m'mapapo mosiyana. Malo a khansa yanu, thanzi lanu lonse, ndi mankhwala ena omwe mumalandira monga chemotherapy onse amachititsa momwe mumamvera mukamachiza. Anthu ena amawona zizindikiro zochepa chabe, pamene ena amawona kuti zizindikirozi zimakhala zovuta kwambiri.
Thandizo la ma ARV ndi mankhwala am'deralo, choncho zizindikiro zambiri zimabwera m'derali. Pankhani ya khansa ya m'mapapo, ndi chifuwa (kapena ubongo kapena mafupa pamene amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda oopsa). Teknoloji yatsopano imalola kuti ma radiation aperekedwe molondola kwa zotupa, kuchepetsa mwayi kuti zotsatira zake zichitike. Kafukufuku akukonzekera kuti apange njira zina zotetezera maselo wathanzi ndi ma radiation.
Zotsatira zafupipafupi nthawi zambiri zimakhala mkati mwa masabata angapo oyamba ochizira komanso ambiri atangotenga mankhwala atatha.
Zotsatira za nthawi yayitali nthawi zina zimawonekera miyezi kapena zaka pambuyo pa chithandizo. Ndibwino kukumbukira ubwino wa mankhwala poyang'ana zotsatira zowonongeka ndi kukambirana nawo ndi ma radiation oncologist.
Tiyeni tipewe izi zizindikiro zomwe mungathe kuziwona nthawi yomweyo, ndi zomwe muyenera kuzidziwa.
Pansi pa tsambali, timapereka chidziwitso cha momwe tingasamalire zizindikiro zonsezi.
Zotsatira zapakati pafupipafupi
Zotsatira zazing'ono zomwe zimakhalapo kawirikawiri zimayamba mkati mwa masabata angapo mutayamba mankhwala opangira mazira. Ngakhale kuti ma radiation anu oncologist akuuzani kuti mukhoza kuwona zizindikiro izi, onetsetsani kuti mumulole iye adziwe ngati zikuchitika.
Irritation ya Khungu
Patatha masabata angapo mutangoyamba mankhwala odzola mazira anu khungu lanu lozungulira malo ochizira likhoza kukhala lofiira ndi lopsa mtima. Izi nthawi zina zimatsatiridwa ndi kuuma ndikuyang'ana masabata awiri kapena atatu kenako. Pamene khungu lanu limachiza, likhoza kuwoneka lakuda, ngati dzuwa. Kutentha kwa khungu nthawi zambiri kumatsimikizira mkati mwa masabata angapo kuti amalize chithandizo, ngakhale kuti khungu lanu likhoza kukhala lochepa. Chisamaliro chapadera chiyenera kuperekedwa kuti tipewe kutentha kwa dzuwa. Kulepheretsa kugwiritsa ntchito ma lotions ndi zokometsera zomwe zingakhale ndi mankhwala owopsya, ndipo kupewa kupewa kutentha kapena kuzizira ndikofunika kuteteza khungu lanu.
Mafilimu amakumbukira ndi zotupa zomwe nthawi zina zimachitika pamene anthu akulandira chithandizo cha mankhwala ndi mankhwala enaake pamodzi. Pochitika pafupifupi 10 peresenti ya anthu omwe amalandira mankhwalawa panthawi imodzi, mwina amawoneka ngati akuwotcha kwambiri dzuwa, kutentha kwambiri kwa khungu, ndi kutupa.
Kutaya Misozi
Kutaya tsitsi kumapezeka m'deralo komwe mumalandira ma radiation, kaya chifuwa chanu ndi khansa ya m'mapapo kapena mutu wanu ngati mukuchiritsidwa ku matenda a ubongo. Mosiyana ndi tsitsi lopangidwa ndi tsitsi la chemotherapy, kutaya tsitsi kuchokera ku mankhwala opatsirana ndi dzuwa kumakhala kosatha.
Chifuwa / Kutentha Kwambiri
Mankhwalawa amachititsa kuti m'mimba mwake mapuloteni azitha kuwonjezeka. Izi zikhoza kuchititsa chifuwa chouma kapena kupuma pang'ono. Nthaŵi zina, steroid amathandizira kuchepetsa zizindikiro izi. Kupuma pang'ono komanso chifuwa chotsatira ndi malungo kungakhalenso chizindikiro cha pneumonitis (onani m'munsimu).
Kutopa
Anthu ambiri amamva kutopa panthawi ya mankhwalawa ndipo akhoza kukhala ovuta. Kutopa kumayambira masabata angapo chiyambireni chithandizo ndipo kumawonjezereka ndi nthawi. Kaŵirikaŵiri amatha patatha masabata asanu ndi asanu ndi asanu ndi atatu mutatha kuchiza. Anthu ambiri amatha kupitiriza ntchito zawo tsiku ndi tsiku pa mankhwala a radiation, koma nkofunika kuti mupeze tulo tambiri usiku ndipo mudzipatse nthawi yopumula masana. Pali njira zambiri zomwe chithandizo cha khansa kapena khansa yokha ingayambitse kutopa.
Esophagitis
Popeza chiwopsezo (chimbudzi chochokera pakamwa mpaka m'mimba) chimadutsa pachifuwa, kutentha kwa mpweya kumapapo kungayambitse. Kupweteka kapena kuvutika ndi kumeza, kupweteka kwa mtima, kapena kutengeka kwa mtanda pamphuno mwako kumachitika. Zizindikiro zimayamba masabata awiri kapena atatu mutangoyamba kumwa mankhwala ndikugonjetsa milungu ingapo mutatha mankhwala.
Zotsatira za Zakale Zakale
Zotsatira za nthawi yayitali zikhoza kuchitika pambuyo pa mankhwalawa. Popeza zina mwa izi sizingayambe masabata kapena zaka mutatha mankhwala anu, ndizofunika kudziwa izi ndikuyankhula ndi dokotala ngati muli ndi zizindikiro.
Mazira a Pneumonitis
Mazira a pneumonitis ndi mapupa omwe amachititsa kutupa kwa miyezi yomwe imatha miyezi isanu ndi umodzi ndikutsata mankhwala. Ndizofala, zomwe zimakhudza anthu 5 mpaka 15 peresenti ya anthu omwe amadwala khansa ya m'mapapo. Zizindikilo zimaphatikizapo malungo, chifuwa, mpweya wochepa, ndipo amapezeka chifukwa cha kusintha komwe kumawonekera pachifuwa cha x-ray. Popeza kukhala ndi kansa ya m'mapapo yokha kungapangitse chifuwa ndi mpweya wochepa, ndikofunika kukhala ndi chiwerengero chokwanira ngati mukuwona kusintha kulikonse.
Chithandizo cha radiation pneumonitis kawirikawiri ndi kanthawi kochepa ka steroids (corticosteroids monga prednisone). Nthawi zambiri matendawa amatha nthawi, koma popanda chithandizo akhoza kupita ku pulmonary fibrosis.
Pulmonary Fibrosis
Pulmonary fibrosis imatanthawuza kupanga mapangidwe a zilonda m'mapapo omwe angathe kuchitika chifukwa cha zifukwa zambiri, kuphatikizapo mankhwala othandiza kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda komanso tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Zizindikiro zimaphatikizapo kupuma pang'ono komanso kuchepa kwachithunzi.
Kuchepa kwa mtima
Thandizo la ma ARV lingakhudze mtima wanu m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Kawirikawiri zimayambitsa matenda a mtima (cardiomyopathy) omwe amachititsa mtima kukhala wosakhoza kupopera magazi kwa thupi lonse monga kale. Izi zimakhala zofala kwambiri pamene mazira akuluakulu amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa zotupa ndi mitsempha yambiri yomwe imakhala pakati pa mapapu pafupi ndi mtima. Thandizo la ma ARV lingakuthandizeni kuti mukhale ndi matenda a mitsempha yamtundu, matenda a valve, kapena nyimbo zachilendo.
Kusokonezeka kwa Pericardial
Kuwonongeka kwa mazira kumatenda omwe amalowa mu mtima (pericardium) angayambitse kupanga madzi pakati pa zigawozi. Zomwe zimachitika nthawi zambiri zimayambitsa kupuma pang'ono ndipo zingakhale zovuta kusiyanitsa ndi zotsatira zina kapena khansa yokha. Pamene kupweteka kwapadera kumachitika mofulumira, zizindikiro zingakhale zovuta chifukwa cha kuchepa kwakukulu kwa mtima kupopera magazi. (Ndipotu, mtima umakanizika mwamphamvu).
Khansa Zachiwiri
Zotsatira zake zothandizidwa ndi mankhwalawa ndi zomwe zimachitika khansa yachiwiri pansi pa mzere chifukwa cha zotsatira za khansa (zotsatira za khansa) ya ma radiation. Ndi khansa yamapapu, khansa ya m'magazi ikhoza kuchitika kawirikawiri ngati kansa yachiwiri 5 mpaka 10 mutatha kumwa mankhwala. Khansa yachiwiri yokhudzana ndi mapapo kapena mawere imatha kuchitika, kawirikawiri imawonekera patapita zaka 10 kuchokera kuchipatala.
Pansi
Zotsatira zazing'ono komanso za nthawi yayitali zingatheke pamene muli ndi mankhwala a khansa ya khansa. Kawirikawiri zotsatirazi zimakhala zovuta kwambiri, ndipo zimakhala zokhumudwitsa khungu komanso kutopa kwa anthu ambiri. Zotsatira zina zingakhale zovuta kwambiri ndipo zimafuna kuti inu ndi dokotala wanu mudziwe kuti akhoza kuchitika, ndikuyezetsa ngati muli ndi zizindikiro.
Pali zinthu zambiri zomwe mungachite kuti muthandize kuthetsa mavuto. Phunzirani za njira zomwe mungasamalire ngati mavutowa akuchitika komanso momwe mungasamalire zotsatira za mankhwala odzola .
> Zotsatira:
> American Society of Clinical Oncology. Cancer.Net. Zotsatira Zotsata Mankhwala Opatsira Mafuta. Kusinthidwa 12/16. Chigwilo
> Kupitako, Mfundo za Harvey I. Ndizochita Khansa ya M'mimba: The Official Reference Text ya IASLC. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health / Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2010. Print.