Pamene kholo likumva mawu akuti "kupweteka kumvetsera", pali kusamvetseka kwakukulu ndi nkhawa. Kodi kupuma kwakumvetsera kumapita patsogolo bwanji? Kodi izi zikutanthauza chiyani kwa mwana wanga? Mwachidziwikiritso, kupweteka kwakumvetsera kwapakati ndi pamene kumva kwapang'ono (pang'onopang'ono kapena pena) kwapezeka ndipo kumaipiraipira. Kwa ana ang'ono omwe sangathe kufotokozera kusintha kwakumva kwawo, makolo amafunika kudziwitsidwa za mtundu wa zizindikiro zoyang'anira zomwe zingasonyeze kusintha kwa kumva, kudziwa ziopsezo ndi zifukwa zomwe zingayambitse, komanso kumanga ubale ndi katswiri wa zamankhwala wa ana kuti azisamalira mosamala kumva kwa mwana wawo.
Zowopsa
Amadziwika
Zambiri zomwe zimadziwika kuti zingathe kuwonetsa kuti ana amatha kumva bwino. Ochepa chabe akuphatikizapo kukhala ndi banja lokhala ndi mbiri ya kutaya kwa kumva, kubadwa msanga, kapena kukhala ndi ziphuphu zakuthupi za mutu kapena makutu. Ngati mayiyo atenga matenda ena pamene ali ndi pakati kapena pamene akubereka, izi zingathe kuperewera kumvetsera.
Ngakhalenso ngati mwana wakhanda akukumana ndi mayesero "mwachibadwa," Komiti Yoyamwitsa Yachichepere Akulangiza kuti mwana aliyense wakhanda amene ali ndi zidziwitso zomwe zingawonongeke kuti amvetsetse vuto lake lakumvetsera ayenera kuyesedwa asanayambe mwanayo ali ndi zaka zitatu. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti mwanayo akhoza kukhala ndi vuto lakumva losaoneka bwino limene linawonongeka atabereka.
Osatsimikiziridwa
Kafukufuku anachitidwa ndi ana obadwa ndi matenda a cytomegalovirus (CMV), omwe amadziwika chifukwa cha kuchepa kwakumva. Ofufuza pa phunziro lino ankafuna kuona ngati angadziwe zinthu zina zomwe zingakhale "chenjezo" kuti mwanayo ali pachiopsezo choyamba kuperewera kumvetsera.
Choyamba, ochita kafukufuku adawona deta ya ana 21 omwe anabadwa pakati pa 1994 ndi 1998 kuti awone kuchuluka kwa CMV mu mkodzo wawo mwezi wawo woyamba atabadwa. Pafupifupi zaka ziwiri kenako, ana omwewo anawatsata kuti awone ngati pali vuto lina lakumvetsera. Ana asanu ndi atatu mwa anawo adayamba kumva.
Ana asanu ndi anayi aja anali ndi CMV ambiri mumtambo wawo pamene anali ana. Olemba a phunzirolo adamva kuti zotsatira zawonetsera "gulu lalikulu" pakati pa CMV mu mkodzo ndi chitukuko cha kumva kutaya.
Zizindikiro
Mabanja omwe ali ndi ana amene amamva bwino kwambiri atamvapo zizindikiro zina: Mauthenga a mwana wawo amasintha kwambiri, kapena mwana wawo samaoneka ngati akumva zomwe mwanayo amatha kumva, kapena kulankhula kwa mwanayo kumasintha.
Zimayambitsa
Ana angabadwe ndi kachilombo ka cytomegalovirus, yomwe imadziwika kuti imapangitsa kuti munthu amvetsere mosavuta. Kwa ana, zikhoza kuyambanso chifukwa cha cholowa, monga Connexin 26 ; Kafukufuku wochepa apeza kuti vuto lakumva likupita patsogolo pamene Connexin 26 alipo. Ofufuza apeza kachilombo ka PRPS1 mwa amuna, jini lomwe limagwirizanitsidwa ndi DFN2, chomwe chimadziwika bwino chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa kumva.
Zina zowonjezera zimakhala ndi syndromes, monga Pendred syndrome, Alport syndrome, ndi syndrome ya Usher . Matenda a Congenital (pa kubadwa), monga malingaliro a khutu lamkati, amachititsanso kuti phindu lakumva likuwonjezeka. Matenda a Mondini ndi vuto limodzi.
Kafukufuku
Kodi pali njira iliyonse yothetsera kumva kumva kuchokera kwa ana?
Mwina. Maphunziro awiri a ana obadwa kumene ndi matenda a CMV amasonyeza kuti ganciclovir imatha kuchepetsa kapena kuchepetsa kuchepa kwakumvetsera. Phunziro loyamba linali ndi ana asanu ndi anayi, asanu mwa iwo omwe kale anali ndi vuto lomvetsera. Ana awa anapatsidwa kuphatikizapo mankhwala opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito ganciclovir. Zotsatira zake zinali kuti zaka ziwiri pambuyo pake, palibe ana omwe adamva kuperewera kwakumva, ndipo ana awiri adabweranso kumva.
Phunziro lachiwiri, ana makumi asanu ndi awiri (25) anabadwa atapatsidwa granicrovirous intravenous kwa milungu isanu ndi umodzi. Pamene anawo anayang'aniridwa ali ndi miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, iwo sanamvetsere.
Komabe, pamene ana anali osachepera chaka chimodzi, asanu mwa iwo anali atasintha kwambiri kumva. Akatswiri ofufuza anadabwa ngati chithandizo chamatalika kuposa milungu isanu ndi umodzi chikanalepheretsa ana asanuwo kuti asamve zambiri.
Chithandizo
Ana omwe ali ndi vuto lokumva mwachidwi amatha kupatsidwa mankhwala othandizira kumva kapena zizindikiro zachitsulo .
Kodi mankhwalawa ndi othandiza motani ngati mankhwala? Kuphunzira kwa Britain kunachitika ndi ana asanu ndi awiri omwe anali ndi vuto lokumva komanso akugwiritsa ntchito zothandizira kumva. Ana atatu adalandira mapiritsi a cochlear monga ana aang'ono, ndipo ena anaiwo anawatenga ali achinyamata. Ena mwa anawo anali atamvapo kwa zaka zambiri asanamve mwamsanga mwadzidzidzi, pamene ena anali atabadwa ndi kumva zinthu zomwe zinapitirizabe kukhala osamva, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti zikhale zosowa. Atakhazikitsidwa, achinyamata onse asanu ndi awiri adali ndi zotsatira zabwino. Kafukufukuyu anawonetsa mwayi umene ana omwe amamva kuti akugwiritsa ntchito luso lokonzekera bwino, kuti azichita bwino ndi implants.
Zotsatira:
Kutaya kwa kumva kwa zaka. Medline Plus. https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/001045.htm
Kuposa Mwana Wachibadwa Kumva Kuunika: Kuzindikiritsa Zizindikiro za Kumapeto Kwakumva Kukumana Kwa Ana ndi Ana Aang'ono. Chipatala cha Atsikana ku National Research Hospital. http://www.babyhearing.org/Audiologists/factSheets/LateOnsetArticle.pdf.
Cochlear kukhazikitsidwa kwa kupuma kwakumvetsera kochepa. (Short Report). Archives of Disease In Childhood 88.8 (August 2003): p708 (4).
Zizindikiro zazikulu za kuchedwa, kutuluka mofulumira ndi / kapena kuchepa kwakumvetsera kwapang'onopang'ono. Dipatimenti ya Umoyo wa Vermont. healthvermont.gov/family/hearing/documents/riskfactors.pdf
Kennedy, Sara. Mfoloko Mumsewu: Kutaya Kwambiri Kumva ndi Mawu. http://www.handsandvoices.org/articles/misc/prog_loss.html
Kusintha kwa Ntchito Kusintha kwa Genetic PRPS1 Chifukwa cha mtundu wa Nonsyndromic X-Sensorineural Deafness, DFN2. The American Journal of Human Genetics, Voliyumu 86, Nkhani 1, 65-71, 17 December 2009. http://www.cell.com/AJHG/abstract/S0002-9297(09)00530-8. Yapezeka mu July 2011.
Zomwe zimayambitsa kumva kutayika kwa ana omwe ali ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana a cytomegalovirus. Matenda 110.4 (Oct 2002): p762 (6).
Kuteteza kuchepa kwa kumva chifukwa cha CMV. (ID consult) (congenital cytomegalovirus). Nkhani za Ana 38.7 (July 2004)
Lipoti ndi Malangizo: NIDCD Workshop pa matenda a Congenital Cytomegalovirus ndi Kutaya Kumva. National Institute on Deafness ndi Mavuto Ena Oyankhulana. http://www.nidcd.nih.gov/funding/programs/hb/cmvwrkshop.htm.
Kusinthidwa ndi Melissa Karp, Au.D.