Malangizo ochokera ku American Medical Association
Pamene kulandira mauthenga apakompyuta (EHRs) akuwonjezeka mu malo opititsira patsogolo anthu odwala matenda odwala matendawa, odwala amathabe kugwiritsa ntchito EHRs m'njira yoyenera, yogwira ntchito komanso yotetezeka. EHRs zambiri sizinapangidwe kapena kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira yomwe ikugwirizana ndi kayendedwe ka ntchito ndi malingaliro a madokotala. Ichi ndi vuto la kusokonezeka.
Bungwe la American Medical Association (AMA) linapempha kuti mavuto akuluakulu a EHR ayambe kuthandizidwa kuti apititse patsogolo momwe madokotala amagwiritsira ntchito EHRs. Nkhaniyi idzayang'ana mafunso asanu ndi atatu omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito ndikufotokozera momwe iwo adakhudzidwira zondichitikira ndi EHR zingapo m'zaka.
"Kukulitsa Mphamvu za Achipatala Kupereka Chisamaliro Chofunika Kwambiri"
Choyamba chokhazikika payekha chikhoza kuonedwa kuti ndi mzere wambiri woweruza kuti tigwiritse ntchito EHR. M'malo mosokoneza kapena kuchepetsa madokotala, EHR iyenera kuchititsa dokotala kukhala wogwira mtima komanso wogwira mtima.
Kunena zoona, kugwiritsa ntchito EHR nthawi zambiri kumalepheretsa kuchipatala kapena kusokoneza dokotala kuti asamalire mokwanira wodwalayo. Zimakhala zosavuta kutenga theka la kuika malire, kulowa podutsa mawindo ambiri, komanso kuwonetsa mauthenga owonetsetsa-nthawi yomwe zingakhale bwino kumvetsera ndi kuyesa wodwalayo.
"Thandizo Lothandizira Gulu"
Chisamaliro cha magulu ku bungwe lokhala ndi EHR sichingatheke ngati EHR sichikuthandizira madokotala ndi atsogoleri a timagulu popereka ntchito kwa mamembala ena a timu. Palibe zifukwa zachipatala zomwe zimafuna kuti madokotala achite ntchito za EHR zomwe anamwino ophunzitsidwa bwino kapena wothandiza wothandizira angachite.
Ngati mauthenga apakompyuta ndi odwala ali mbali ya EHR, ndiye kuti onse omwe ali m'gulu la odwala ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito mbaliyi kuti athe kuyankhulana momasuka ndi wodwalayo.
EHR iyenera kuthandiza m'malo molepheretsa akatswiri a zachipatala kugwira ntchito mokwanira ndi ufulu wawo. Ntchito yosavuta monga kutsata ndondomeko yoyimirira ya chifuwa chowombera sayenera kudalira dokotala yemwe alowe mu dongosolo.
"Limbikitsani Kusamaliridwa Kwambiri"
Kulumikizana mosamala pa nkhaniyi ndi kuthekera kwa gulu lachipatala kuti lizitsatira odwala pa chisamaliro cha chisamaliro, monga pamene wothandizira wamkulu amauza wodwalayo kwa katswiri kapena pamene wodwalayo amachotsedwa kuchipatala. Izi zikutsindika kufunika kwa kugwirizana pakati pa kusinthana kwa chidziwitso cha zaumoyo kuti alole EHRs ndi machitidwe ena a zachipatala kuti agawane deta ya odwala.
"Chopereka Chapafupi Modularity ndi Configurability"
Osati dokotala aliyense amachita kapena gulu lachipatala lingagule ndikugwiritsira ntchito EHR yonse. Koma pali malo ambiri pakati pa mapepala a pepala ndi EHR yambiri. Ogulitsa ayenera kupereka EHR yofunikira yomwe ingakhale yowonjezeredwa ndi mamembala omwe ali ndi pulezidenti wodzinso wachitatu omwe akuthandizira kusankha, odwala pakhomo, olembapo, komanso ntchito zina.
Cholinga cha Allscripts Open API ndi chitsanzo cha momwe ntchito ya EHR ingathandizidwe kudzera mwachindunji.
"Pezani Ntchito Yoganizira Zambiri"
Friedman's Primary Theorem ya Biomedical Informatics imati "Munthu wogwira ntchito mogwirizana ndi chidziwitso ndi" bwino "kusiyana ndi munthu yemweyo wosagwirizana." Dokotala wogwira ntchito ndi EHR ayenera kuchita bwino kuposa dokotala yemweyo popanda EHR. Mwamwayi, nthawi zina EHR imapereka mphamvu zoganizira za dokotala kuposa kugwiritsa ntchito mapepala a pepala. M'malo mwake, EHR iyenera kuthandiza madokotala mwa kuwonetsa chidziwitso choyenera pa nthawi yoyenera pamalo abwino.
Mwachitsanzo, EHR iyenera kuwonetsa zotsatira zoyesera pambali pazenera polemba uthenga kwa wodwalayo za zotsatira za mayesero. Izi zingawoneke ngati zodziwikiratu, koma sizikuwonetseratu kachitidwe ka EHRs yamakono.
Pa mapeto ena kumapeto kwa masewerawa, pali chinthu chankhaninkhani ngati mauthenga ambiri mu EHR. Zolembedwa zamkati ndi zitsanzo, mndandanda wa zovuta zambiri, ndi machenjezo osokoneza akhoza kusokoneza madokotala kuchokera ku zofunikira pa mbiri yachipatala.
"Limbikitsani Kuchita Zambiri"
AMA imapempha ogulitsa, Ofesi ya National Coordinator for Health Information Technology, ndi anthu ena ogwira nawo ntchito kukhazikitsa mfundo zachithandizo chachithandizo chachipatala. Kusinthanitsa kwa zaumoyo wathanzi sikukwanira kuthandizira chithandizo chachipatala. Cholinga chake ndi kukwaniritsa kusamvana kwapadera, komwe kumakhala kosavuta kwa machitidwe odziwa zachipatala kutanthauzira, kukonza, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito chidziwitso chosinthanitsa. Nkhani inanso yofunika kwambiri ndi yokhoza kufanana ndi chidziwitso cha odwala pazochitika zothandizira.
"Kulimbitsa Wopanga Chidwi ndi Wopanda Pakati Pakati"
Ngakhale kuti njira zamakono zamakono zogwiritsira ntchito zaumoyo zamagetsi zimatha kupititsa patsogolo chithandizo chamankhwala, kupita patsogolo kumakhala kochepa malinga ndi momwe zipangizo ndi mapulogalamu amatha kuyankhulirana ndi EHRs. Kusagwirizanitsa sikuyenera kukhala kokha kulumikizana EHRs kwa wina ndi mzake, koma kuyeneranso kuphatikiza machitidwe onse a zachipatala, kuphatikizapo maulendo apamtundu wathanzi.
"Kutumizidwa kwa Ogwiritsira Ntchito Kuitanitsa Zopangira Zamakono ndi Zotsatira Zotsatira"
EHR zambiri zinakonzedwa kuti zithandizire ntchito zoyang'anira ndi kubweza. Koma lero, EHRs ikuyembekezeredwa kugwira ntchito yaikulu pakukulitsa zotsatira za thanzi, ndalama zothandizira zaumoyo, ndi zowawa za opirira (Katatu Cholinga). Izi sizidzachitika pokhapokha ngati ogulitsa akufunafuna ndikuphatikizira zopereka kuchokera kwa ogwira ntchito, kupanga, kukhazikitsa, ndi kuyesa EHRs.
Zotsatira:
American Medical Association. Kupititsa patsogolo chisamaliro: Zomwe Zingakonzedwe Kupititsa patsogolo Mauthenga Amtundu wa Zaumoyo. Idapezeka pa September 27, 2014