Anemia, Neutropenia & Thrombocytopenia
Mafupa a mafupa amatanthauza kuchepa kwa mphamvu ya mafupa kupanga maselo. Mfupa ndi "mphamvu" yomwe imapanga ndi kupatsa maselo ofiira a magazi, maselo oyera, ndi mapuloletti kuti athandize thupi.
Zotsatira
Pamene mafuta a mfupa amaletsedwa, sangathe kupereka thupi ndi maselo okwanira.
Mmodzi mwa mitundu iyi ya maselo a magazi amachita ntchito zofunika kwambiri m'thupi:
- Maselo ofiira a m'magazi - Maselo ofiira a m'magazi ali ndi hemoglobin imene imanyamula mpweya ku selo lililonse m'thupi, ndipo imabweretsanso mpweya woipa m'mapapu kuti utuluke. Ngati palibe maselo ofiira okwanira kuti apereke oxygen ku ziwalo zonse za thupi, kusokonezeka kwa maselo ndi imfa zimachitika, njira yotchedwa hypoxia . Maselo ofiira a magazi ochepa amatchulidwa ngati magazi .
- Maselo oyera - Maselo oyera (omwe amadziwika kuti leukocytes) ndiwo chitetezo cha matupi athu, amatiteteza ku mabakiteriya, mavairasi, ndi zinthu zina zakunja, ngakhale maselo a khansa. Kuperewera kwa maselo oyera a magazi kumatchedwa leukopenia . Ndi khansa, mudzamva za neutropenia. Neutropenia imatanthauza kusowa kwa mtundu wina wa selo loyera la magazi lotchedwa neutrophils . Matenda a mphutsi amatithandiza kwambiri kutiteteza ku mabakiteriya ndi mavairasi, ndipo pamene palibe ziwerengero zokwanira, timadwala matendawa.
- Platelet - Platelets ndi amene amapanga magazi. Ngati tilibe ndalama m'magazi, magazi athu sangathe kutseka mokwanira tikamadulidwa kapena kuvulala. Kulephera uku kumatchedwa thrombocytopenia .
Kodi Zimayambitsa Ziti Panthawi ya Chemotherapy?
Chemotherapy yapangidwa kuti iphe maselo okula mofulumira monga maselo a kansa koma imakhudza maselo onse okula mofulumira.
Izi zimaphatikizapo maselo m'maganizo athu a tsitsi, m'mimba, ndi m'mafupa. Pamene maselo amenewa ali owonongeka, sangathe kubereka ndikukhala mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maselo a magazi.
Maselo onse a m'magazi amayamba ndi selo wamba omwe amadziwika kuti maselo amtundu wa hematopoietic. Kupyolera mu njira yotchedwa hematopoiesis, maselo a tsinde "amadziwika" ndi kukhala a maselo a magazi kuphatikizapo maselo ofiira a magazi, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maselo oyera a magazi, ndi mapulateletti.
Zizindikiro
Zizindikiro za kuperewera kwa mafupa a mafupa zimadalira mtundu wa maselo omwe amakhudzidwa ndipo adzafotokozedwa pansipa pansi pa mtundu uliwonse wa maselo a magazi. Kawirikawiri, kusowa kwa maselo a magazi kumabweretsa kutopa ndi kufooka.
Kudziwa
Dokotala asanayambe ndi pambuyo pake, dokotala wanu adzalamula kuchuluka kwa magazi (CBC) , kuti awone ngati malipiro anu a magazi ali otsika. Kuonjezeranso kafukufuku ndi chithandizo kudzadalira kuti, ngati zilizonse, zazomwezi, ndizochepa.
Chemotherapy-Imene Imayambitsa Matenda a M'thupi
Kuchepetsa maselo ofiira a magazi pa mankhwala a chemotherapy kumatchedwa kuti chemotherapy-yomwe imayambitsa magazi. Pamene pali ochepa maselo ofiira ofiirira kuti atenge mpweya ku maselo, zizindikiro zimabweretsa. Zizindikiro za kuchepa kwa magazi zingaphatikizepo:
- Kutopa
- Lightheadedness kapena chizungulire
- Kuoneka kooneka bwino
- Kupuma pang'ono
- Kuthamanga kwa mtima mofulumira kapena kupopera
Malinga ndi mlingo wa maselo ofiira a m'magazi, dokotala wanu angakulimbikitseni kuti magazi anu amatha kusintha mukamaliza mankhwala ndi chemotherapy, kapena mungapangire chithandizo ndi mankhwala kuti mupangitse kupanga maselo ofiira a magazi, kupereka mankhwala owonjezera, kapena kupatsirana magazi . Matenda a m'magazi ndi omwe amachititsa kuti munthu asatope, choncho oncologists amaonetsetsa kuti mukudwala. Mwatsoka, pali zifukwa zambiri za kutopa kwa khansa , ndi kuchepa kwa magazi ndi chimodzi mwa izi.
Chemotherapy-Yopezeka Neutropenia
Maselo otsika a mtundu woyera wa maselo oyera omwe amadziwika kuti neutrophils pa mankhwala otchedwa chemotherapy amatchedwa neutropenia yotchedwa chemotherapy .
Mitundu yonse ya maselo oyera a magazi ingakhudzidwe ndi kuponderezedwa kwa mafupa, koma kusokoneza chiwerengero cha neutrophils ndikofunika kwambiri kukulitsa chiopsezo cha matenda. Zambiri mwa zizindikiro za neutropenia zimakhudzana ndi matenda omwe amayamba ndipo angaphatikizepo:
- Fungo liposa 100.5 F.
- Chills
- Kukuda
- Kupuma pang'ono
- Kufiira kapena kukhetsa pa zovulaza kapena kulowa mthupi monga Port kapena IV mzere
Pa mankhwala a chemotherapy, dokotala wanu adzakuuzani kuti muteteze zinthu zomwe zingayambitse matenda, monga kuthera nthawi ndi anthu omwe akudwala kapena kugula malo odyera. Ngati chiwerengero chanu choyera ndi chochepa kwambiri, akhoza kukupatsani mankhwala omwe akutsatira mankhwalawa akuchedwa, kapena amapereka mankhwala othandizira kupewa matenda kapena kuyambitsa kupanga maselo oyera. Mankhwala monga Neupogen kapena Neulasta ali ndi jekeseni zomwe zimayambitsa kupanga ndi kumasulidwa kwa maselo oyera a m'magazi. Nthawi zina, amaperekedwa mosalekeza kuti musunge mankhwala ozunguzika pa nthawi ya mankhwala.
Chemotherapy-Induced Thrombocytopenia
Popeza mapaleti ali ndi udindo wothandizira magazi, chiwerengero chochepa cha mapuloteni chimatha kutuluka magazi. Mawerengedwe otsika a platelet chifukwa cha chemotherapy amatchulidwa kuti chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia. Zizindikiro za thrombocytopenia zikhoza kukhala:
- Kulira kosavuta
- Petechiae - mawanga ofiira pa khungu lanu lomwe limakhala lofiira ngakhale mutayikanikiza
- Kuphweteka kumodzi ndi kumaliseche
- Magazi mumkodzo kapena m'mitsempha yanu
- Nthawi ya msambo
Ngati chiwerengero chanu chaplatelet ndi chochepa kwambiri kapena muli ndi vuto la kutuluka magazi, dokotala wanu angakulimbikitseni kuika magazi m'magazi kapena mankhwala kuti apangitse mafupa anu kupanga mapulogalamu ambiri. Ngati mukufuna, mungaphunzire zambiri zokhudza kuthana ndi mankhwala a thrombocytopenia .
Malangizo Otsutsana
Gulu lanu lothandizira zaumoyo lidzawunika kuwerengera kwa magazi ndikupatseni chithandizo ngati izi zikuchepa kwambiri, koma pali zinthu zambiri zomwe mungachite kuti muzisamalira panopa:
- Phunzirani kusamba m'manja mwako - Zofufuza zimatiuza kuti ambiri a anthu - ngakhale akatswiri azaumoyo - musasambe m'manja mwanjira yabwino kuti mukhale otetezeka pa mankhwala a chemotherapy.
- Limbikitsani dokotala ndi zizindikiro za matenda, monga malungo oposa 100.5 F, kutsokomola, kuzizira, kupuma pang'ono, kapena kupweteka ndi kukodza
- Pumula pamene umatopa
- Imani pang'onopang'ono mutatha kupumula
- Pewani mankhwala monga aspirin ndi ibuprofen zomwe zingachititse kuti magazi ayambe kuwonjezeka
- Samalani kwambiri kuti muteteze malo omwe mungadule kapena kuvulala
Zotsatira:
American Cancer Society. Matenda mwa Anthu Amene Ali ndi Khansa. Inapezeka pa 03/08/16. http://www.cancer.org/treatment/treatmentsandsideeffects/physicalsideeffects/infectionsinpeoplewithcancer/infectionsinpeoplewithcancer/index.
Cella D. Makhalidwe abwino a moyo ndi zochitika zachipatala mu mankhwala omwe amachititsa kuti magazi azipezeka m'thupi. Oncology (Williston Park) . 2006. 20 (8 Suppl 6): 25-8.
Crea, F. et al. Maphunziro a Pharmacologic kumayambiriro a G-GSF prophylaxis mu odwala khansa komanso ntchito ya pharmacogenetics pakukonzekera mankhwala. Zofufuza Zovuta pa Oncology / Hematology . 2008. Dec 24. (Epub patsogolo of print).
Hensley, M. et al. American Society of Clinical Oncology 2008 machitidwe othandizira otsogolera: kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a chemotherapy ndi mankhwala oteteza ma radiation. Journal of Clinical Oncology . 2009. 27 (1): 127-45.
Pascoe, J. ndi N. Steven. Maantibayotiki oletsa kutentha kwa febrile neutropenia. Malingaliro enieni mu Hematology . 2009. 16 (1): 48-52
Dipatimenti ya Zaumoyo ya Ukhondo ku United States. National Institute of Health. Nthenda ya National Heart Lung ndi Magazi a Dongosolo la Magazi Index. Anemia. Kusinthidwa 05/18/12. http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/anemia/.