Kukhala woposa kunenepa sikungokhala ndi nkhawa zokhudzana ndi mawonekedwe a ana. Zitha kukhala ndi zotsatira zokhudzana ndi mutu kwa mwana, mu nthawi yayitali komanso nthawi yayitali. Ndichifukwa chakuti kunenepa kumakhudza pafupifupi thupi lonse la thupi m'thupi-ndizoona kwa achikulire ndipo ndizoona kwa ana, nawonso. Komanso, ana ndi achinyamata omwe ali ochepa kwambiri amakhala okalamba kwambiri, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti adzakhala ndi zaka zambiri zowonjezera kulemera kwa thupi, zomwe zingabweretse mavuto ena.
Koma tikupita patsogolo.
Zotsatira Zathu Zathupi Zang'ono
Mu kafukufuku waposachedwapa, ophatikiza a ana oposa 43,000 a zaka zapakati pa 10 ndi 17, ofufuza a UCLA Center for Children's Health, Families and Communities anapeza kugwirizana pakati pa kunenepa kwa ana ndi zizindikiro 19 za thanzi lonse, kuphatikizapo mavuto aakulu matenda osokoneza bongo (ADHD), kulemala kuphunzira, kuvutika maganizo, matenda, chifuwa cha mphumu, mutu, ndi matenda. Ana ovuta kwambiri ankakhalanso ndi zoletsera zambiri zakuthupi ndipo anaphonya masiku a sukulu.
Kuwonjezera apo, ana omwe ali ochepa kwambiri adachulukitsa zoopsa za kugona tulo ta matenda ogona tulo (matenda opatsirana omwe munthu akugona nthawi zambiri amapuma kupuma kwa masekondi 10 kapena kupitilira usiku wonse) ndi mphumu . Mwachidule, kulemera kwa thupi la mwana kungayambitse mavuto ndi chitukuko cha mapapu ake ndi mpweya wapamwamba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kukhale kovuta kupuma mosavuta.
Ana omwe ali omasuka amakhala ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chokhala ndi mavuto a mafupa, ogwirizana, ndi kukula. Ndipotu, kufufuza kwapeza kuti pali mgwirizano pakati pa ubwana wautali ndi ululu wamisala (monga kupweteka kwa ululu, kupweteka kwa bondo ndi kupweteka kwa maondo, ndi kupweteka kwamapazi). Kupwetekedwa kwachilendo kotereku kungachepetse kuchuluka kwa machitidwe a mwana ndi zochitika zathupi, zomwe zingamuthandize kuti apindule kwambiri.
Ndi zoipa ziwiri, ndithudi!
Kunenepa kwambiri kwa ana kungathenso kuthana ndi ziwalo zawo. Matenda omwe si oledzeretsa a chiwindi -matenda omwe amachititsa chiwindi kuwonongeka ndi kupweteka-ndio chiopsezo kwa ana omwe mndandanda wa thupi lawo (BMI) uli m'gulu lopitirira. Zoonadi, kafukufuku waposachedwapa kuchokera ku UK anapeza kuti ana omwe ali ndi kusintha kwakukulu kwa chiwerengero chawo cha kulemera kwa kutalika pakati pa zaka khumi ndi khumi ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chokhala ndi vuto la chiwindi paunyamata. Ana ovuta kwambiri amakhalanso achiwerewere kapena amayamba msinkhu asanakwane msinkhu asanakonzeke maganizo komanso okonzeka kusintha.
Kutha Kwambiri kwa Zotsatira Zoipa
Zotsatira zakuthupi za kunenepa kwambiri zimapitirira pamene ana akupitirizabe kukula ndikukula. Mtundu wa shuga wa 2 wakhala wodalirika kwambiri (ndi wonyenga) pakati pa ana oposa, makamaka pamene akutha msinkhu. Ana ovuta kwambiri amakhala ndi ngozi zoopsa zowonjezera kuthamanga kwa magazi komanso ma cholesterol. Zoonadi, pafupifupi 70 peresenti ya ana ochepa kwambiri amakhala ndi chiopsezo chimodzi cha matenda a mtima, malinga ndi Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
Ngati ana akupitirizabe kunenepa kwambiri pa zaka zawo zakubadwa, ziwopsezo zokhala ndi stroke , mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya khansa (kuphatikizapo bere, colon, impso, prostate, ndi Hodgkin's lymphoma), komanso osteoarthritis imakula.
Ndipo, ndithudi, kulemera kwina kungakhudze momwe zimagwirira ntchito mwathupi, potero kumanyoza khalidwe lawo lamoyo.
Izi ndi zina mwa zifukwa zomwe, kwa nthawi yoyamba m'mbiri ya anthu, ana ku US akhoza kukhala ndi moyo wautali kuposa makolo awo. Izi sizomwe ziyenera kukhalira, makamaka m'zaka zamakono zamakono komanso njira yabwino yodziwira zakudya. Taganizirani zotsatirapo za thupizi zomwe zinawathandiza kuti kuchepetsa ubwana wanu ukhale wochuluka-komanso kuthandiza ana anu okondedwa, makamaka kukhalabe ndi thanzi labwino. Ndiponsotu, ndi kosavuta kutenga njira zothandizira mwana kuti asakhale wochuluka kuposa momwe angasinthire vuto lalikulu lolemera.
Zotsatira:
> Anderson EL, Howe LD, Fraser A, MP Callaway, Sattar N, Tsiku C, Killing K, Lawlor DA. Kuchuluka kwa Matenda Kuchokera Mnyamata ndi Ubwana ndi Ngozi ya Zakudya Zosakhala Chakumwa Matenda a Chiwindi M'nyamata: Kuphunzira kwa ALSPAC. Journal of Hepatology, September 2014 61 (3): 626-32.
> Zolinga za Kuletsa ndi Kuteteza Matenda. Zomwe Zimayambira Pakati pa Ubwana Kulemera Kwambiri .
> Zolinga za Kuletsa ndi Kuteteza Matenda. Mfundo Zochepa za Ana .
> Daniels SR, Arnett DK, Eckel RH, Gidding SS, Hayman LL, Kumanyika S, Robinson TN, Scott BJ, St. Jeor S, Williams CL. Kuchulukitsa kwambiri kwa ana ndi achinyamata: Kugonana, Zotsatira, Kuteteza, ndi Chithandizo. Kuyendayenda 2005; 111; 1999-2002.
> Dietz WH. Zaumoyo Zotsatira za Kunenepa Kwambiri M'nyamata: Zozizwitsa za Achinyamata za Matenda Achikulire. Matenda a ana, March 1, 1998; Vol. 101, Suppl. 2, 518-525.
> Dietz WH. Kunenepa kwambiri muunyamata ndi unyamata. New England Journal of Medicine, 2004; 350: 855-857.
> Alfonso N, Larson K, Slusser W. Associations Pakati pa Kulemera Kwambiri ndi Matenda a Khungu la Comorbid, Kupititsa patsogolo, ndi Matenda a Pathanzi mu Mtumiki Wachibadwidwe Chitsanzo cha Ana Achikulire a zaka 10 mpaka 17. Maphunziro a Ana Amaphunziro, Jan-Feb 2013 13 (1): 6 -13.
Smith SM, Sumar B, Dixon KA. Ululu Wosakanikirana ndi Amuna Oposa Amuna Oposa Amuna. International Journal of Obesity, 2014 38, 11-15.