Zizindikiro za Mowa Wokhudzana ndi Kubadwa Kwambiri
Matenda a fetal alcohol spectrum (FASD) amatengera matenda oledzeretsa a feteleza komanso zina zomwe ana amakhala nazo, koma osati zizindikiro zonse za matenda a fetal alcohol , monga matenda oledzeretsa a neurodevelopmental disorder (ARND) .
Ana omwe alibe zizindikiro zooneka kapena zakuthupi za matenda osokoneza bongo amatha kukhala ndi zizindikiro zamkati za mitsempha zomwe zimakhala zoopsa kwambiri monga za ana omwe apezeka ndi zizindikiro zonse za matenda a fetal alcohol.
Zizindikiro za FASD
Zizindikiro za matenda obwera chifukwa cha feteleza za m'thupi zimatha kuphatikizapo zovuta zapakhomo, kufooka kwa matenda, ziphuphu zofooka, ziwalo za thupi, zigawo zapakati za mitsempha ndi zovuta za khalidwe m'moyo wotsatira.
Nazi zizindikiro zina zomwe zingachitike kwa ana omwe ali ndi chizolowezi chomwa mowa:
Zosaoneka Bwino
- Mutu waung'ono
- Kutsegula maso pang'ono
- Kukambirana pakati pa maso ndi m'mphuno
- Kutsegula maso
- Kulephera kwa maso kusunthira mofanana
- Mphuno yochepa, yotsekedwa
- Zidutswa za cheekbones
- Bridge yotchedwa Sunken nasal
- Malo otsika kapena opanda pakati pakati pa mphuno ndi pamlomo wapamwamba (philtrum)
- Wosasunthika ndi woonda kwambiri chapamwamba
- Kutsegula padenga la pakamwa
- Zing'onozing'ono zamphongo
- Makutu otsika kapena osalimba
Zofooka Zakukula
- Thupi laling'ono ndi kulemera
- Pang'onopang'ono kusiyana ndi kukula kwa thupi
- Kulephera 'kugwira' mu kukula
Ziphuphu Zosokonezeka
- Nthiti zopunduka ndi sternum
- Zapachika msana
- Khoma lachifuwa loponyedwa
- Kuphimbidwa, kusakanizidwa, kupukutidwa kapena kusowa zala kapena zala
- Zola zazing'ono
- Mitundu ya kanjedza yosadziwika bwino
- Kusunthika pang'ono kwa ziwalo
- Hip kusokoneza
- Tsamba laling'ono
- Tsitsi lowonjezera
- Mankhuni osasinthika kapena zopangira
Ziphuphu Zamagulu
- Ziphuphu za mtima
- Mtima wong'ung'udza
- Kukula kosakwanira kwa ziwalo za ubongo
- Umbilical kapena chithunzithunzi chosefukira
- Zosokonekera zapachibale
- Impso kapena zofooka zamakono
Central Nervous System Odwala
- Kukula kwa ubongo wazing'ono
- Makonzedwe olakwika a maselo a ubongo ndi minofu
- Kulimbitsa thupi kwambiri
- Kulemala kuphunzira
- Chikumbumtima chosautsa
- Kupanda malingaliro kapena chidwi
- Maluso ovuta a maluso
- Zolinga zovuta kuthetsa mavuto
- Kusamala pang'ono
- Kusamalidwa kolakwika
- Kukhumudwa kuyambira ali wakhanda
- Kusasamala mu ubwana
- Malingaliro osayenera ndi luso la chiweruzo
- Kusokonezeka tulo ndi kuyamwa kuyambira ali wakhanda
Mavuto a Zizolowezi
- Kulephera kulingalira
- Kusuta kwa anthu
- Kuuma
- Chikoka
- Nkhawa
- Mavuto ndi moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku
- Matenda a m'maganizo
- Makhalidwe oipa
- Kusagwira ntchito kwanthawi yaitali
- Maphunziro osakwanira
- Kugonana kosayenera
- Matenda osokoneza bongo
- Maluso osowa ana a makolo
Thandizo kwa Ana Omwe ali ndi FASD
Zomwe zili pamwambazi zikhoza kukhala ndi moyo kwa ana omwe adamwa mowa m'mimba. Komabe, pali chithandizo kwa iwo omwe amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kumwa kwa amayi awo.
Kupeza njira zowonongeka kuti adziwe matendawa kungathandize kuti mwana atenge thandizo ndi mankhwala omwe amafunikira kuti apindule.
Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti ana a FASD omwe amapatsidwa maphunziro apadera ndi maubwino okhudzana ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu amakhala ovuta kufika pa chitukuko chawo ndi maphunziro kusiyana ndi omwe samalandira mautumikiwa.
Moyo wachikondi, wokhala ndi moyo wabwino, wosasokonezeka, ubale wovulaza kapena moyo wautali, waperekedwanso kuti apindule ana omwe ali ndi vuto lakumwa mowa mwauchidakwa. Anthu omwe amakhala m'madera osokoneza bongo, osakhazikika kapena achiwawa amakhala ovuta kukhala ndi mavuto am'tsogolo.
> Zotsatira:
> Zomwe Zidzasokoneze Matenda ndi Kuteteza Matenda "Matenda a Fetal Alcohol Spectrum" https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/fasd/.