Mankhwala ndi mtundu wa paramyxovirus umene umakhudza kwambiri, ndipo umayambitsa zizindikiro monga maso ofiira, malungo, zilonda zam'mimba, ndi chifuwa, kutsatiridwa ndi mphutsi yomwe imayambira pamaso masiku angapo pambuyo pake. Akatswiri a zaumoyo akuyembekeza kuti tsiku lina adzathetsa chimanga monga tizilombo tafafanizira, koma mwatsoka, chikuku chikudetsa nkhawa kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Ndipotu, kachilombo kamene kamayambitsa chimanga ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa zomwe zimayambitsa kufala kwa katemera ku ana omwe ali ndi zaka zoposa zisanu padziko lonse ndipo zikuphulikabe ngakhale ku United States.
Zizindikiro
Chifukwa chakuti chikuku n'chosazolowereka ku United States, anthu, kuphatikizapo madokotala, samangodziwa nthawi zonse zizindikiro ndi zizindikiro. Zizindikiro za chimfine zimayambira masiku 10 mpaka 12 mutatha kuonekera kwa munthu amene ali ndi kachilombo, ngakhale kuti nthawi yosakanikiranayi imatha kuyambira masiku asanu ndi awiri mpaka 21, ndikuphatikizapo:
- Fever
- Kukhumudwa
- Kupopera, mphuno, ndi kukhudzana
- Kukuda
- Chikhure
- Maso ofiira
- Malo a Koplik (malo ochepa ofiira omwe ali ndi malo oyera, omwe amapezeka mkati mwa pakamwa panu / masaya)
- Kutupa kwa glands
- Rash, yomwe imayamba masiku angapo pambuyo pa zizindikirozi
Anthu amatha kufa ndi chimfine ndi mavuto ake, ngakhale kuti nambalayi yacheperachepera kwambiri kuchokera pamene pulojekitiyi inayamba, makamaka ku United States. Kuchokera mu 2000, pakhala pali zero mpaka imfa ziwiri kuchokera ku chimanga m'dzikolo pachaka. Izi zati, pakhala pali imfa yamagazi kulikonse komwe kwakhala kulikuza kwa chimanga, kuphatikizapo m'mayiko otukuka monga United Kingdom, Japan, Canada, France, ndi Netherlands.
Mu 2016, anthu pafupifupi 246 anafa tsiku ndi tsiku kuchokera ku chimanga padziko lonse lapansi.
Zimayambitsa
Zakudya zimayambitsidwa ndi kachilombo kofala kwambiri kamene kamakhala pamphuno ndi mphuno. Ngati muli ndi kachilombo ka HIV, anthu ena amatha kudwala mukamatsokomola, kupopera, kapena kulankhula chifukwa mukupopera mankhwala ochepa omwe amatha kukhala ndi moyo kwa maola awiri ali pamwamba kapena pamwamba.
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timalowa m'magazi ndi mapiritsi, kufalikira ku maselo am'mimba, magazi, ndi ziwalo monga impso, chiwindi, ndi khungu.
Osatemera katemera (mwina kwathunthu kapena nkomwe) kumakuika pachiopsezo chachikulu pakuwonekera.
Kudziwa
Madokotala amatha kudziwa kuti chikuku ndi zothamanga ndi malo a Koplik mumkamwa mwako, koma anu angafunike kupanga magazi ndi / kapena kuyesa mkodzo kuti atsimikizire kuti ndizokumanga.
Chithandizo
Mwamwayi, palibe mankhwala a chimanga. Kuwonjezera pa vitamini A kwa anthu omwe ali otsika, majekisoni omwe amatengedwa masiku angapo atapezeka kwa anthu omwe sanatenge katemera, komanso mankhwala opha tizilombo ku matenda omwe amabwera nthawi yomweyo, palibe mankhwala ena amodzi omwe amapezeka.
M'malo mwake, chithandizo cha shuga chimalimbikitsidwa ndi chisamaliro chomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito pamene wina akudwala ndi matenda aakulu, monga kupuma kwa bedi, madzi, ndi opatsirana malungo, monga acetaminophen ndi ibuprofen, mpaka kachilomboka katha.
Kupewa
Zakudya zimatha kutetezedwa mosavuta ndi katemera, omwe pafupifupi aliyense angapeze. Katemera wa chikuku sagwira ntchito kwa makanda chifukwa ma chitetezo cha mthupi sawo sakula bwino. Ana amalandira kachilombo koyambitsa shuga yoyamba, komanso katemera wa m'mimba ndi rubella (MMR), ali ndi miyezi 12 mpaka 15 ali ndi MMR yachiwiri pakati pa zaka 4 ndi 6.
Azimayi omwe akukonzekera kutenga pakati ayenera kukhala ndi katemera mwezi umodzi asanayambe kutenga mimba ngati sanakhalepo kale. Simungapeze katemera pamene muli ndi pakati, ndipo kutenga kachilombo mukakhala ndi pakati kungakhale koopsa kwa mwana wanu.
Ngati mwapezeka ndi shuga ndipo simuna katemera, mukhoza kupeza katemera mkati mwa maola 72 oyambirira. Izi zikhoza kukulepheretsani kuti musatenge shuga, koma ngakhale mutatero, zikhoza kukhala zochepa kwambiri ndipo sizikhala zotalika.
Mawu Ochokera
Zakudya, zomwe zimadziwikanso kuti rubeola, zachotsedwa ku United States kuyambira 2000, kutanthauza kuti pakhala nthawi yopanda matenda opatsirana kwa miyezi 12 kapena kuposerapo m'dziko lino.
Komabe, popeza chimfine chimafala kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo pamakhala zivomezi zamakono nthawi zonse ku United States, ndikofunika kuganizira za chimanga, makamaka ngati inu kapena mwana wanu mulibe katemera wa chikuku, mwayenda kunja kwa United States, kapena wakhala akuwonekera kwa wina yemwe ali ndi kachilomboka.
Kupeza katemera wanu wa MMR ndi wotetezeka komanso wotetezeka poteteza chikuku, matenda omwe angayambitse mavuto aakulu ngakhale imfa.
> Zotsatira:
> Zomwe Zingathetsere Kudwala ndi Kuteteza Matenda (CDC). Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri za Zakudya Zam'madzi ku US Zasintha February 5, 2018.
> Gans H. Zakudya: Zowonetseratu zachipatala, Kuzindikira, Kuchiza, ndi Kupewa. Zaposachedwa. Idasinthidwa December 5, 2017.
> Chipatala cha Mayo Clinic. Zakudya. Chipatala cha Mayo. Kusinthidwa pa March 9, 2018.
> World Health Organization (WHO). Zakudya. Kusinthidwa kwa January 2018.