Masamba si matenda omwe timawawona masiku ambiri, koma akhala akubwereranso zaka zaposachedwapa. Zizindikiro ndi zizindikiro monga fever, chifuwa chouma, kukhudzidwa kwa kuwala, ndi kuthamanga, kawirikawiri zimawonekera patangotha sabata itatha. Chifukwa cha chiopsezo cha matenda a khutu, chibayo, ndi zina zovuta, ndizofunika kudziwa izi ndi zina za shuga ndikufunsanso kuchipatala ngati mukuganiza kuti mukukhudzidwa.
Izi, mwachiwonekere, makamaka zimakhudzidwa ndi omwe sali katemera. Ngakhale kuti chimfine sichizolowezi ku United States, ziphuphu zingathe kuchitika ndipo kachilombo ka HIV kamatha kugwira ntchito pamene mukupita kumayiko ena.
Zizindikiro Zowonjezereka
Sitikudziwa kuti mungadalire kudzidziwa nokha za chimanga, ndipo mwayi wanu wodwala sungachipezepo. Chifukwa chaichi, kuphunzira pa kachilombo ka HIV kungathandize kwambiri.
Pafupi masiku 10 mpaka 12 mutatha kufotokozera munthu yemwe ali ndi chimanga (ngakhale kuti nthawi yosakaniza imatha masiku asanu ndi awiri kapena 21), anthu omwe alibe chitetezo cha shuga akhoza kupanga zizindikiro zamagulu, zina zomwe zimakhala ngati chimfine, kuphatikizapo:
- Chiwopsezo, chomwe chimayambira kalasi yochepa ndipo chimapitiriza kuwonjezeka tsiku lirilonse, kuyenda pa madigiri 104 kapena 105 pa tsiku lachinai kapena lachisanu la kudwala ndi kuswa masiku angapo kenako
- Chifuwa chouma
- Mphuno yothamanga, kupopera, ndi kusokonezeka
- Ofiira, maso a maso kuchokera ku conjunctivitis
- Photophobia (kumvetsa kuwala)
- Njala yosauka
- Kutupa kwa glands
- Malo otchedwa Koplik, malo ochepa, ofiira owala kwambiri omwe amapezeka mkati mwa pakamwa, mkati mwa masaya, ndi pamatumbo ofewa
Pakadutsa masiku awiri kapena anayi, kutentha thupi ndi zizindikiro zina zimayambira, munthu yemwe ali ndi chikuku amayamba kupweteka kwa chimanga.
Zakudya zimayambitsidwa kuchokera masiku anayi isanachitike kuti mphukira ikuwonekera patapita masiku anayi itatha.
Sakanizani Rash
Ngakhale kuti matenda opatsirana ambiri a ubwana amakhala ndi chiwombankhanga, shuga ya chimanga imakhala ndi zizindikiro zina zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosiyana ndi ziphuphu zamtunduwu. Chifukwa chimodzi, mosiyana ndi matenda ena ambiri a mavairasi, monga roseola ndi nkhuku, zomwe zimayambira pamtengo, chimfine chimayambira pamaso ndi pamutu.
Zinthu zina zoti muziyang'anenso pankhani ya nyerere ya chimanga:
- Kuthamanga kofiira, koopsa kumataya thupi lanu kapena la mwana wanu pa masiku atatu otsatira, kenako kufika pamapazi anu ndi mapazi mutayambira kuzungulira tsitsi lanu.
- Nthawi zambiri amakhala masiku asanu kapena asanu ndi limodzi.
- Pambuyo masiku atatu kapena anayi, kuthamanga sikungayambe kuyera pamene mukukankhira.
- Madera, kumene chiwombankhanga chimakhala chowopsa kwambiri, chingayambe kufota.
- Mukangoyamba kuthamanga, idzawongolera mofanana. Adzayamba kuyenda mozungulira tsitsi lanu ndi nkhope yoyamba, thunthu lotsatira, ndipo mapeto amatha.
Ndiponso, mosiyana ndi matenda ena a tizilombo, malungo omwe ali ndi chikuku amatha kupitiriza pamene kutukuka kukuyamba. Ndipotu, inu kapena mwana wanu mukhoza kudwala kwambiri m'masiku ochepa oyamba kuti chiwonongeko chiwonekere, ndipo sangamve bwino mpaka patapita masiku ochepa pamene malungo amatha.
Mavuto
Ngakhale anthu ena akupitiriza kunena kuti shuga ndi matenda ochepa, akhoza kukhala ndi mavuto aakulu. Ndipotu, vuto limodzi kapena zingapo zimachitika pafupifupi 30 peresenti ya milandu. Chifukwa cha kutentha kwa thupi komanso kusakwiya, ana ambiri amatha kukhala ndi chipatala. Anthu ambiri amachiza chiyero popanda kuchiritsidwa, koma ena amakhala ndi zovuta zomwe zimafuna chithandizo, ndipo mwatsoka, anthu ochepa omwe amatenga shuga, kawirikawiri ana, amamwalira.
Anthu omwe ali pachiopsezo chachikulu chokhala ndi mavuto ndi awa:
- Ana osakwana zaka zisanu
- Akuluakulu ali ndi zaka 20
- Azimayi
- Anthu omwe ali ndi machitidwe a chitetezo cha mthupi
Zovuta zomwe zingakhalepo mukakhala ndi masing'anga ndi awa:
- Matenda a m'makutu: Awa amapezeka m'modzi mwa ana khumi (10) alionse ndipo amatha kutaya makutu.
- Kutsekula m'mimba: Izi zimapezeka m'modzi mwa ana khumi ndi anayi ndipo zingayambitse kutaya madzi m'thupi.
Matenda opweteka kwambiri ochokera ku chikuku ndi awa:
- Chibayo: Matenda a m'mapapu ndi omwe amachititsa kuti shuga iphe ana. Pafupifupi 1 pa 20 aliwonse omwe ali ndi chikuku amakhala ndi chibayo.
- Encephalitis: Ichi ndi kutupa kwa ubongo komwe kumachitika pafupifupi 1 pa anthu 1,000. Zimakhudza zizindikiro zoopsa, monga malungo, kupweteka mutu, kusanza, khosi lolimba, kupsa mtima, kugona, kukhumudwa, ndi kukomoka. Izi zimapangitsa kuti masiku asanu ndi limodzi chiyambireni chiwombankhanga chikhoza kuyamba kufa, kugontha, kapena kuwonongeka kwa ubongo.
- Zochitika za mimba: Zakudya zimatha kutsogolera ntchito, kuchepetsa kuchepa, komanso ngakhale kutaya mimba.
- Sewu epereosing panencephalitis (SSPE): Ichi ndi chakupha, koma chosowa chosavuta chifukwa cha kachilombo koyambitsa vutoli. Pafupifupi zaka 7 mpaka 10 mutatha kukhala ndi chikuku, ana komanso achinyamata omwe ali ndi SSPE amapanga zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi matenda, kuphatikizapo kukumbukira, kusintha kwa khalidwe, kusinthasintha, komanso kugwidwa. Pamene zizindikiro zikupita patsogolo, amatha kukhala akhungu, amakhala ndi minofu yowuma, samatha kuyenda, ndipo pamapeto pake amawonongeka ndi chikhalidwe chokhazikika cha zomera. Ana omwe ali ndi shuga asanakwanitse zaka 2 akuwoneka kuti ali pachiopsezo chotenga vutoli. Anthu omwe ali ndi SSPE amamwalira pakapita zaka zitatu kapena zitatu kuti ayambe kukhala ndi zizindikiro. Mwamwayi, monga chiŵerengero cha chikuku chakhala chikugwera mu nthawi ya katemera, choncho chiwerengero cha kufa kwa SSPE.
- Kugonjetsa: Mu 0,6 peresenti kufika pa 0.7 peresenti ya anthu, kugwidwa ndi kapena popanda kutentha thupi kungachitike monga vuto la chikuku.
- Imfa: Ku United States, chikuku chimapha pafupifupi pafupifupi 0.2 peresenti ya milandu.
Zakudya zingayambitse mavuto anu, kuphatikizapo:
- Keratitis: Ichi ndi matenda kapena kutupa kwa cornea, mawonekedwe ooneka ngati dome pambali kutsogolo kwa diso. Zizindikiro za keratitis ndizosawona masomphenya, kupweteka, kufiira, kutengeka kwa kuwala, ndi kuvundula. Mwinamwake mungamve ngati pali mchenga m'diso lanu. Keratitis ingakhale vuto lalikulu kwambiri la chimanga chifukwa zida zogwirizana pa cornea yanu, ngati zilipo, zingasokoneze masomphenya anu.
- Zilonda zam'mimba / zofiira: Ngati keratitis yanu imakula kwambiri, ikhoza kukhala zilonda zakutchire , zilonda zotseguka zomwe zimawoneka ngati ndodo yoyera pa cornea. Chilonda chimatha kukhala ndi kachilombo kayekha kapena kachilombo ka bakiteriya kamene kamayambitsa chimanga. Zingakhale zopweteka ndipo zimayambitsa kupweteka kwa cornea yanu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti masomphenya kapena kupunduka kukhale kochepa kwambiri.
- Kubwerera m'mbuyo: Zikondwerero, kutengeka kwa chiwombankhanga kumakhala kosawerengeka, koma pakhala pali zochitika zowonongeka kwambiri chifukwa chiyero chawononga retina. Mwa mtundu uwu wa retinopathy, mitsempha ya magazi imawoneka yochepa, mitsempha yamagetsi imatuluka, ndipo madzi amamangirira mu retina , kuchititsa kachitidwe konga nyenyezi. Izi zingayambitse kusokonekera kwachisawawa kapena kosatha kwa masomphenya.
- Opaleshoni yothamanga: Ichi ndi kutukusira kwa mitsempha ya optic, yaikulu ya mitsempha yomwe imagwirizanitsa maso anu ndi ubongo wanu. Ngakhale kuti vutoli ndi losavomerezeka, likhoza kuchitika mwa anthu omwe ali ndi encephalitis yomwe imayambitsa makoswe. Kutsegula m'mimba kumapangitsa kuti masomphenya amatha kapena osatha.
- Ukhungu: M'mayiko osauka kumene ana samatemera nthawi zambiri, chikuku ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa zazikulu za ubongo. Zimayambitsidwa ndi mavuto amodzi omwe ali pamwambapa, omwe amawonjezereka ndi kusowa kwa zakudya m'thupi.
Nthawi Yomwe Muwone Dokotala
Ngati mukuganiza kuti inu kapena mwana wanu mwapezeka ndi chikuku kapena muli ndi mphutsi zomwe mukuganiza kuti ndizokumanga, pitani kuchipatala mwamsanga. Akhoza kufunika kukonzekera kuti akuwoneni popanda kutenga chiopsezo kwa anthu ena. Khalani pakhomo kuti musamaike ena pangozi, ndipo kambiranani ndi dokotala wanu za nthawi yomwe mungabwerere kuntchito kapena kusukulu.
> Zotsatira:
> Zomwe Zingathetsere Kudwala ndi Kuteteza Matenda (CDC). Mavuto a Zakudya Zakudya. Idasinthidwa pa February 5, 2018.
> Zomwe Zingathetsere Kudwala ndi Kuteteza Matenda (CDC). Katemera wambiri. Idasinthidwa pa February 5, 2018.
> Dang S. Njira Zisanu ndi Zisamba Zingakhudze Maso. Lofalitsidwa March 5, 2015.
> Gans H. Zakudya: Zowonetseratu zachipatala, Kuzindikira, Kuchiza, ndi Kupewa. Zaposachedwa. Idasinthidwa December 5, 2017.
> World Health Organization (WHO). Zakudya. Kusinthidwa kwa January 2018.