Pafupifupi anthu okwana 16 miliyoni akuvutika ndi matenda owuma ku United States. Ogwira ntchito zaumoyo akuyembekeza kuti matenda ouma maso adzawonjezeka chifukwa anthu athu akukalamba. Komanso, tonsefe tikugwiritsa ntchito makompyuta ndipo ambirife timakhala tikusangalala ndi mafoni apamwamba, zipangizo zamagetsi komanso makompyuta.
Zonsezi zimakhudzana ndi maso owuma.
Kumvetsetsa Dry Eye Syndrome
Matenda a maso owuma ndi ofunika kuti maso anu asapereke misozi yambiri kuti ikhale yoyera ndi kumadyetsa mbali yambiri ya diso. Misozi imapangidwa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mamolekyu yomwe imaphatikizapo tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, mavitamini ndi mchere, komanso ntchofu, mafuta, ndi madzi.
Kutulutsa misozi kumachepa pang'onopang'ono pamene tikukalamba. Ndili ndi zaka 65, timakhala ndi mavoli ocheperapo 65 peresenti kusiyana ndi momwe tinachitira pa 18. Nthawi zambiri, zimakhala zowawa ngati tikukula. Mavuto ambiri omwe amadzipangira okha amakhala ndi maso owuma ngati gawo la matenda awo. Matenda onsewa ndi mankhwala omwe atengedwa kuti awachitire angayambitse matenda owuma. Malo ena, monga nyengo zowuma kapena zowuma, amachepetsanso kuchepa kwa misonzi kapena kupangitsa misonzi kusokonezeka mofulumira.
Mkhalidwe ndi Mawerengedwe
Ngakhale kuti misozi yambiri ndi yofunika, mukhoza kukhala ndi maso owuma ngati misozi yanu si yabwino.
Kukhala ndi filimu yowonongeka n'kofunika kuti mukhale ndi masomphenya omveka bwino. Kukhala ndi misonzi ndi mafuta ochuluka kwambiri kapena ntchentche ndizoipa kwambiri ngati kukhala ndi kuchepa kwa gawo la madzi misozi yanu.
Zina mwa zigawozikulu za misonzi yanu zimathandiza kuti filimu yanuyo ikhale yosasunthika. Mafuta a misozi amachepetsa kutuluka kwa madzi.
Mavuto ena omwe amachititsa kuti mitsempha ya misozi ikhale yopanda malire ndi blepharitis komanso matenda osokoneza ubongo . Mankhwalawa amathandiza kuti misozi ikhale pamaso. Mtundu wouma woumawu nthawi zina umatchedwanso diso losasunthika.
Nthawi iliyonse mukamamveka, maso anu amatha kupanga mawonekedwe ozungulira ndi mphuno. Kusunthika kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti misonzi yanu ifike kumbali ya diso lanu kumene mazira amchere, otchedwa puncta , amatha kutulutsa misozi m'mphuno ndi kumbuyo kwa mmero. Misozi yambiri imayambitsidwa pamaso ndipo imasamba pamwamba pa cornea, yomwe ili ndi mbali yoyang'ana ya diso.
Zizindikiro za matenda owuma m'maso zimayaka, kupweteka, ululu woopsa ndi maso otopa. Anthu ambiri omwe amavutika ndi maso owuma amalimbikitsidwa ndi kumverera ngati kuti ali ndi mchenga m'maso mwao. Masomphenya amakhalanso akusinthasintha.
Kuchiza Mankhwala Ouma
Chithandizo cha maso owuma chimakhala chochuluka chifukwa cha kuuma kwa chikhalidwe. Mankhwala ambiri amayamba ndi misozi yowonongeka. Misozi yodzikongoletsera imapangidwira misozi yowonongeka komanso kuthandiza kuchiritsa pamaso. Iwo amalembedwa paliponse kuchokera nthawi zingapo patsiku pa ola lililonse.
Masiku ano, misonzi yokhalapo imapezeka m'mitundu yambiri. Zina zimakhala zotetezeka, zina zimapangitsa kuti madzi azigwetsa misozi, ndipo zina zimapangitsa kuti mafilimu a misozi aziwoneka bwino. Kupita kwa dokotala wanu kudzazindikira kuti ndi misozi yanji yopangira zinthu zabwino kwambiri kwa inu.
Pamene zizindikiro zikuwonjezeka, mafuta ndi mafuta odzola amaperekedwa. Mafuta ndi mafuta onunkhira nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito mosagwiritsidwa ntchito chifukwa cha zotsatira zawo zoyipa. Komabe, zimabweretsa chithandizo chofunika kwambiri kwa odwala owuma maso.
Chithandizo cha matenda owuma m'maso chimaphatikizaponso njira monga chiwonongeko cha chigamu. Kutuluka kwa chigamulo ndi njira yomwe imapangidwira panthawi yomwe imakhala ndi puncta, ngalande yothira madzi kuti asunge misozi.
Madontho a diso a Steroid amalembedwanso m'mavuto oopsa kwambiri a maso owuma.
Mu October 2003, Restasis adavomerezedwa kuti athe kuchiritsidwa ndi matenda owuma. Iyi inali nthawi yosangalatsa chifukwa inali mankhwala oyambirira omwe amavomerezedwa kuti athe kuchiritsidwa ndi maso owuma. Restasis sizimang'onong'ono, koma m'malo mwake ndi mankhwala omwe amachititsa kuti zisudzo ziwonongeke.
Cyclosporin A ndi mankhwala mu Restasis ndipo amawoneka ngati mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Kutsegula m'mimba kumatanthauza kuti kumakhudza chitetezo cha mthupi kumalo omwe amalimbikitsa kupanga filimu yochera.
Restasis ndi diso la diso ndipo limatengedwa kawiri patsiku, tsiku lililonse. Restasis amagwira ntchito bwino, koma nthawi zambiri wodwala samva kapena amazindikira kupindula kwa kutenga Restasis kwa miyezi 3 mpaka 4. Chifukwa cha izi, nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kuti madotolo asangalale ndi odwala kuti asunge. Nthawi zambiri, matenda ouma maso ndi aakulu komanso kusintha kwa thupi kumakhala kovuta. Zidzatenga nthawi ndi mtundu uliwonse wa chithandizo kuti zisonyeze kusintha kwenikweni chifukwa kusintha kwa thupiku kumatenga nthawi pang'ono kuti isinthe.
Xiidra: A New Treatment
Kwa zaka zambiri, Restasis ndiye mankhwala okhawo omwe anadzipereka kuti athetse maziso owuma. Komabe, mu Julayi 2016 mankhwala adalowa mumsika wa maso: Xiidra. Xiidra ndi woyamba mwa mtundu wake m'kalasi yatsopano ya mankhwala yotchedwa lymphocyte ntchito-yogwirizana ndi antigen-1 (LFA-1) wotsutsa. Malingana ndi kafukufuku wa FDA, njira ya Xiidra ndiyi zotsatirazi.
Xiidra ndi mankhwala amodzi omwe amachititsa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda a antigen-1 (LFA-1) / tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (1 ICAM-1). LFA-1 ndi mapuloteni a maselo omwe amapezeka pa leukocyte ndipo amalepheretsa kuyanjana kwa LFA-1 ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake kwa mgwirizano wamagulu-1 (ICAM-1). ICAM-1 ikhoza kufotokozedwa kwambiri mu ziphuphu zamakono komanso zowonongeka m'matenda owuma. Kulumikizana kwa LFA-1 / ICAM-1 kungathandizire kupanga kapangidwe ka immunological kugwirizanitsa zomwe zimachititsa kuti T-selo ikugwedezeke ndi kusamukira kuti zikhale ndi zida zogonana.
Kotero, kodi zonsezi zikutanthauza chiyani? Mwa kuyankhula kwina, Xiidra amatha kuyang'ana maso powasokoneza ndi kutseka kutupa kotupa komwe kumayambitsa zizindikiro ndi kusintha kwa maso kumbali yokhudza matenda owuma. Kutupa ndikomene kumapangitsa kukhala ndi diso louma kwambiri. Kutentha, kupweteka, ndi kufiira ndi zizindikiro za kutupa ndipo ndicho chomwe chimatipweteka. Muzofufuza zina, zizindikiro ndi zizindikiro zimasintha pakangopita milungu iwiri.
Xiidra ndi yankho lopanda chitetezo m'madzi amodzi, anagwetsa dontho limodzi m'maso onse awiri patsiku. Zomwe Xiidra amachita zimagwirizana ndi Restasis chifukwa zimakhudza chitetezo cha mthupi. Komabe, Xiidra ndi kalasi yosiyana kwambiri ya mankhwala. Restasis ndi mankhwala osamalitsa thupi omwe amathandiza kuchepetsa kutupa m'mitsempha yotsekemera, zomwe zimathandiza kupewa kuwonongeka. Zikuganiza kuti mutatha kutenga Restasis kwa nthawi yayitali, miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, ikhoza kuyambitsa kupanga misozi ndi kupititsa patsogolo thanzi la maselo, omwe ndi ofunika kwambiri mu mafilimu akulira. Xiidra ndi Restasis onse akuwongolera kutukusira kothamanga. Komabe, sizimagwirizana ndi mamolekyu omwewo popanda umboni womwe umasonyeza kuti sangagwiritsidwe ntchito pamodzi.
Kodi Xiidra FDA Yavomerezedwa?
Xiidra wakhala akuyesedwa bwino ndi kuvomerezedwa ndi FDA ndipo akhoza kubweretsa kusintha kwakukulu mu zizindikiro zonse ndi zizindikiro za matenda owuma. Nthaŵi zina, diso louma, mophiphiritsira punctate keratitis limatha kukhala pamtunda. Keratitis ndi kutupa kwa madzi omwe amatha kuwoneka ndi madokotala mwa kuika mtundu wa dye m'diso.
Njirayi imatchedwa corneal staining. Mabalawo amaimira maselo akufa kapena odzipangira okha omwe amachokera ku cornea. Xiidra analandira chidindo cha FDA chovomerezeka osati kungowonjezera zizindikiro koma makamaka kukonza zizindikiro za diso louma, monga kunyezimira kwina. Ndipotu, mu maphunziro a FDA, Xiidra anasonyeza kusintha kwakukulu mkati mwa masabata awiri okha.
Ndani Sagwiritse Ntchito Xiidra?
Xiidra sichivomerezedwa kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito ndi makina ojambulira kuti muthe kuchotsa makalenseni osakaniza musanalowe ndikudikirira mphindi 15 musanayambirenso. Zotsatira za Xiidra zimaphatikizapo kuyaka, kukoma kwazitsulo komanso masomphenya ochititsa manyazi-ngati mukumva izi, onetsetsani kuti mukuyankhula ndi dokotala wanu.
Zowonjezera Zowonjezerani Musanagwiritse Ntchito Xiidra
Xiidra imatenga penapake pakati pa $ 400 mpaka $ 450 pa tsiku la 30, zomwe ziri pafupi ndi Restasis mtengo. Mtengo umawoneka ngati wofanana, koma Xiidra ali ndi FDA chivomerezo cha mankhwala ouma ndi Restasis ali ndi chivomerezo cha kuwonjezeka kwa kupanga misozi, kotero kuti mpikisano ukhoza kusewera. Dokotala wanu adziwa kuti ndi njira yanji yomwe mungasankhe, koma yambani kukambirana ndikufunseni kuti ndichifukwa chiyani wina ali wabwino kuposa wina.
> Chitsime:
> Xiidra (lifitegrast ophthalmic solution) 5% Wopanga Kulongosola Zophatikiza Zowonjezera, 2016 Shire US Inc, Lexington, MA 02421, Mafulu onse amasungidwa. S24268 11/16