Ngati mwakhala ndi matenda a mtima (omwe amatchedwanso myocardial infarction , kapena MI), tsopano mumadziwa za inu nokha zomwe simunadziwe kale. Mukudziwa kuti muli ndi matenda amtundu (CAD) . Izi ndizofunika kwambiri.
(Ngakhale kupweteka kwa mtima kungayambitsidwe ndi zina , CAD ndizovuta kwambiri.) Kambiranani ndi dokotala kuti mutsimikizire kuti muli ndi CAD.)
CAD ndi matenda aakulu omwe nthawi zambiri amakhudza mitsempha yamakono m'malo amodzi, ndipo izi zimapita patsogolo. Izi zikutanthauza kuti muyenera kuthana ndi zochepetsera kuti mukhale ndi MI ina mtsogolo.
Pofuna kupewa matenda ena a mtima, inu ndi dokotala muyenera kuthana ndi mavuto awiri. Choyamba, muyenera kuchitapo kanthu kuti mupewe kupatulidwa kwa chikhomo cha atherosclerotic chimene chinachititsa MI. Chachiwiri, muyenera kuchita zonse zomwe mungathe kuti muzengereza kapena kuchepetsa kukula kwa CAD yanu.
Kuchepetsa Kuopsa Komweko
Odwala omwe apulumuka MI angakhale ndi chiopsezo chowonjezereka chokhalanso ndi matenda oopsa (ACS) mkati mwa milungu ingapo kapena miyezi ingapo. ACS - chifukwa cha kupasuka kwa chipika - kumapanga angina wosakhazikika kapena MI ina.
Izi "zoyambirira" zobwereza za ACS zimayambitsidwa chifukwa cha kupumula kwapadera komweko komwe kunayambitsa MI yapachiyambi.
Kuopsa koti kubwereza msanga kumakhala kosavuta pamene chipika cha "chilango" chikupitirizabe kutsegulira mbali yochepa mu mitsempha yamakono.
Ngati MI yanu yayikulu idachitidwa ndi njira yowopsya (ndiko kuti, ndi yomweyo angioplasty ndi stenting), ndiye kuti chikhomo chowopsya chikanakhala chitatha kale.
Nkhaniyi ndi yosiyana ngati mmalo mwake munkapatsidwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo . Mankhwala awa - amatchedwanso "clot-busters" - kutsegula mitsempha yowonongeka pogwiritsa ntchito magazi omwe amapezeka ndi ACS. Komabe, chiphasocho chimakhalabe vuto. Kotero, musanachoke kuchipatala, zidzakhala zofunikira kufufuza ngati kutsegulidwa kwina kwapadera kumakalipobe. Kufufuza kumeneku kungatheke pokhapokha ngati munthu akudwala matenda a mtima , kapena kupanikizika / kuphunzira thallium .
Ngati zatsimikiziranso kuti chotsalira chachikulu chikutsalira, dokotala wanu adzakambirana nanu njira zomwe mungapangire mankhwalawa kuti mupewe kuyambiranso kwapadera kwa ACS - zomwe zingaphatikizepo chithandizo chamankhwala cha CAD , angioplasty, ndi stenting, kapena chithandizo chamakono chophatikizira.
Kuchepetsa Vuto Lalikulu Kwambiri
Kaŵirikaŵiri pambuyo pa MI, odwala amakhala ndi maganizo akuti, inde, anali ndi vuto lalikulu lachipatala, koma tsopano lachitidwapo, ndipo akhoza kupitirizabe ndi miyoyo yawo ngati kuti sizinasinthe.
Palibe chomwe chingakhale chowonjezera pa choonadi. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kwambiri kuti matenda a atherosclerosis ndi matenda osapitirirabe omwe nthawi zambiri amakhudza malo angapo mkati mwa mitsempha yamakono.
Chida chilichonse cha atherosclerotic - mosasamala za kukula kwake - chingathe kuphulika ndikupanga ACS.
Kotero, mutakhala ndi MI, ndiye kuti muyenera kuchita zonse zomwe mungathe kuti muzitha kuchepetsa kapena kuchepetsa kupititsa patsogolo kwa matendawa. Izi zidzafuna kudzipereka kwakukulu pa gawo lanu, ndi madokotala anu.
Pali magawo awiri omwe inu ndi dokotala wanu muyenera kuthana nawo - mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi kusintha kwa moyo. Yophweka ndi mankhwala opangira mankhwala.
Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo Pambuyo Powopsa kwa Mtima
Pofuna kupewa njira zamtsogolo zam'tsogolo, muyenera kupatsidwa mankhwala omwe asonyezedwa kuti achepetse kayendetsedwe ka CAD kapena kupewa kutuluka mwadzidzidzi kwa mitsempha yodwala matenda (mwa kupewa kuthamanga kwa magazi komwe kumayambitsa kusokonezeka).
Mankhwalawa ndi statins ndi aspirin.
Statins: Mayesero ambiri am'chipatala tsopano akusonyeza kuti kutenga mankhwala osokoneza bongo pambuyo pa MI kumachepetsa kwambiri chiopsezo chokhala ndi MI ina, komanso kuopsa kwa imfa. Zotsatira izi zimagwiranso ntchito kwa odwala omwe ma cholesterol awo sali okwera kwambiri. Kotero ngati simungathe kulekerera zilembo, muyenera kutenga imodzi pambuyo pa mtima wanu.
Aspirin: Aspirin imachepetsa "kukhuthala" kwa mapulogalamu a magazi, motero amachepetsa mpata wotulutsa magazi pa malo a chiphaso cha atherosclerotic. Aspirin yasonyezedwa kuti imachepetsa kwambiri chiopsezo cha imfa kwa odwala omwe amadziwika ndi CAD, ndipo ayenera kulembedwa mu MI iliyonse pokhapokha pali zifukwa zomveka zopanda.
Dokotala wanu angasankhenso kukupatsani mankhwala omwe amateteza angina . Mankhwalawa angaphatikizepo nitrates , kapena calcium channel blockers .
Kuwonjezera pa mankhwala awa, muyenera kulandira beta blockers ndi ACE inhibitors kuti muteteze mtima kulephera.
Mavuto a Moyo Pambuyo pa Kugonjetsa Mtima
Chofunika kwambiri monga mankhwala opatsirana ndizo kusintha kwa moyo wanu komwe kudzakuthandizani kuchepetsa chiopsezo chanu chokhazikika mutatha MI. Izi zikuphatikizapo kukwaniritsa ndi kupitirizabe kulemera kwabwino, kuyambitsa kudya zakudya zogwira mtima , kuthetsa kugwiritsa ntchito fodya, kukwaniritsa bwino matenda a shuga ndi matenda oopsa (ngati alipo), ndikuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse.
Aliyense amadziwa kuti kupanga kusintha kumeneku ndikovuta kwambiri kuposa kumwa mapiritsi. Koma kumbukirani: kupeza chithandizo cha CAD kumakhala kuyitana kwa mikono. Muli ndi matenda omwe angapitirire kuwonjezereka pokhapokha ngati mutayimbana ndi matendawa ngati mukufuna kugwidwa ndi khansa. Mankhwalawa si ophweka, koma nthawi zambiri amakhala othandiza. Choncho dzichepetseni nokha, yang'anani, ndikusintha moyo wanu.
Mbali yofunika kukuthandizani kukwaniritsa kusintha kwakukulu kwa moyo wanu ndi dokotala kuti akulozereni ku dongosolo labwino la kukonzanso mtima. Madokotala ambiri, mwatsoka, kunyalanyaza sitepe yofunikayi. Ngati mukuiwala, mum'kumbutseni.
Mufunanso kufunsa dokotala wanu makamaka ngati ziri zotetezeka kuti mupitirize kuyendetsa galimoto, kugonana , ndi zinthu zina zomwe mukufuna kuti mupitirize mwamsanga mukakhala otetezeka.
Nazi zambiri pa zomwe muyenera kuchita pambuyo pa MI
Zotsatira:
O'Gara PT, Kushner FG, Ascheim DD, et al. 2013 ACCF / AHA kutsogolera kwa kayendedwe ka ST-elevation myocardial infarction: lipoti la American College of Cardiology Foundation / American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Circulation 2013; 127: e362.
Smith, SC Jr, Allen, J, Blair, SN, et al. AHA / ACC malangizo othandizira kuchepetsa kachilombo kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda odwala matenda a atherosclerotic episodes: 2006 ndondomeko yovomerezedwa ndi National Heart, Lung, ndi Blood Institute. J Am Coll Cardiol 2006; 47: 2130.