Cholinga cha Care Care Act chinasindikizidwa mu chaka cha 2010, ndipo zambiri zomwe zinakhazikitsidwa zinakhazikitsidwa kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa 2016. Koma mbali imodzi ya lamuloli inati "msonkho wa Cadillac" sichidzatha kufikira 2020. msonkho wa Cadillac unali pachiyambi zomwe ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa mu 2018, koma mu December 2015, olemba malamulo amapereka ndalama zowononga ndalama zomwe zimaphatikizapo kuchepa kwa zaka ziwiri pa msonkho wa Cadillac.
Pomwe mapeto ake athandizidwa, msonkho wa Cadillac udzakakamizira 40 peresenti ya msonkho wapadera pa gawo la ndalama zothandizira inshuwalansi zapamwamba pamtengo wapadera wa dollar (ndalama zomwe zimachokera msonkho zikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'anira zina za ACA, monga momwe ndalamazo zimathandizira kusinthanitsa ). Chigawo choyamba chomwe msonkho wa msonkho udzagwiritsidwa ntchito unali $ 10,200 pamalipirepala pachaka kwa munthu mmodzi mu $ 2018, ndi $ 27,500 pa ndalama za pachaka zowunikira banja. Izi zimaphatikizapo phindu limene wogwira ntchitoyo amapereka, pamodzi ndi ntchito ya abwana kuti apereke ndalamazo.
Kotero ngati chithandizo chanu cha inshuwalansi chaka chilichonse chinali pamwamba pa ndalamazo, bwana wanu ayenera kulipira msonkho wa 40 peresenti pa gawo lapamwamba pamwamba pa magulu awo. Mwachiwonekere, izi zimapangitsa abwana kutenga zofunikira kuti azikhala malipiro okwanira pansi pa mlingo umene msonkho wa Cadillac ukugwira.
Kodi Phindu la msonkho wa Cadillac ndi liti?
Lingaliro la msonkho wa Cadillac linali kupanga mapulani aumoyo apamwamba kwambiri osakongola kwa olemba ntchito, ndipo motero sagwirizana kwambiri. Chodetsa nkhaŵa chinali chakuti pamene anthu ali ndi ndondomeko zathanzi zomwe zimagawanika kwambiri komanso "mabelu ndi mluzu," akhoza kukhala oposa thanzi labwino chifukwa chipani cha inshuwalansi-osati wodwalayo-chikulipira onse kapena pafupifupi zonsezi.
Ndipo inshuwalansi yothandizira olemba ntchito yothandizira akhala akuchotserapo ndalama zowonjezera . Kotero pamene tiyang'ana malipiro athunthu kwa ogwira ntchito-kuphatikizapo malipiro kuphatikizapo inshuwaransi ya umoyo ndi zina zomwe zimapangitsa kuti olemba ntchito azipereka ndalama zambiri zothandizira inshuwalansi, osati malipiro. Kuphatikizidwa ndi mtengo wowonjezereka wa chithandizo chamankhwala, zomwe zimalimbikitsa ndi nkhawa zokhudzana ndi kugwiritsidwa ntchito mopitirira muyeso zinayambitsa kuyika msonkho wa Cadillac ku ACA.
Bwanji Ponena za Kugonjetsa?
Popeza kuti msonkho wa Cadillac ukuyamba mu 2020 mmalo mwa 2018, chiwerengero cha msonkho chimene chidzagwiritsidwe ntchito chiyenera kukhala madola 10,800 kuti chiwerengedwe chisawonongeke, ndi $ 29,100 kuti apeze chithandizo cha banja, chifukwa cha inflationary Indexing yomwe ikugwiritsidwa ntchito ku msonkho wa Cadillac .
Kotero mu 2020, ngati ndondomeko ya zaumoyo inalipira ndalama zokwana madola 11,500 kwa wogwira ntchito mmodzi, gawo la mtengo wapatali kuposa $ 10,800 (mwachitsanzo, $ 700) lidzagonjetsedwa ndi msonkho wa Cadillac. Ndipo ngakhale kuti msonkho umenewo ukhoza kuwerengedwa kwa abwana, azachuma amavomereza kuti ndalama zoterozo zidutsa kudongosolo la zaumoyo (mwachitsanzo, apamwamba).
Kuyambira mu 2021, chiwongoladzanja choyambirira-pamwambapa chomwe msonkho wa Cadillac akugwira-chidzawonjezeka ndi chiwerengero chomwecho monga kukula kwa chiwerengero cha anthu ogula mitengo (CPI) chaka chilichonse.
Vutolo? Kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zachuma kwawonjezereka kuposa CPI kwa nthawi yaitali. Ndipo ngakhale kuti zingatheke kusintha m'zaka zam'mbuyo, zowonekeratu kuti sizidzatanthauza kuti msonkho wa Cadillac ukhoza kukhala "msonkho wa Chevy," chifukwa ndalama zambiri zimayamba mofulumira kuposa momwe msonkho wa Cadillac umayendera.
Ngakhale sikuli lero kuti tikhale ndi inshuwalansi ya umoyo ndi ndalama zokwana madola 10,800 kwa munthu mmodzi yekha, kapena $ 29,100 kwa banja, mwina sizingakhale zachilendo kukhala ndi dongosolo la thanzi lomwe limagonjetsa ndalamazo (zowonjezeka ndi CPI) mu 2030 kapena 2035, ngati inshuwalansi ya inshuwalansi ikupitirira kuwonjezeka mofulumira kuposa CPI.
Zotsatira zake zikanakhala kuti chiwerengero chowonjezeka cha mapulani chidzakhala pansi pa msonkho wamtengo wapatali chaka chilichonse, ndikuganiza kuti kukula kwapakulirakulire kukupitirirabe kutuluka kwa mpweya wabwino. Ndipo potsirizira pake, mapulani a-m----mill (mosiyana ndi mapulani apamwamba okha) angakhudzidwe.
Momwe Misonkho ya Cadillac Idzagwiritsire Ntchito Mapindu Ogwira Ntchito
Kukhazikitsidwa kwa msonkho kumakhalabe zaka zingapo, koma mgwirizanowu ndi olemba ntchito omwe akufuna kuti asapereke ndalamazo, ndipo potero adzagwira ntchito kupanga mapulani awo azaumoyo kuti ndalama zowonjezera pachaka zikhale pansi pa malo omwe msonkho wa Cadillac wayamba ntchito.
Njira yodziwika kwambiri yochitira zimenezi ndiyo kuonjezera kugawana mtengo pa pulani, kudzera m'mabuku opambana, mapepala, ndi kunja kwa mthumba (mkati mwa zovuta zowonjezera zomwe zimafunika ndi ACA ). Inde, izi zikanathetsa vuto lomwe msonkho wa Cadillac unalinganizidwa kuti uthetse, popeza lingaliro lonse linali kuchoka pa ndondomeko zomwe zimaphimba zonse kapena ndalama zonse zothandizira zaumoyo, pofuna kuti anthu asakhale kugwiritsira ntchito kwambiri chithandizo chamankhwala.
Ndipo ngakhale kuti izi zikhoza kukhala zotsatira, vuto ndiloti pamene ndalama zowonjezera zowonjezereka, anthu amakonda kuchepetsa osati kufunikira kwa chithandizo chamankhwala komanso zofunikira zaumoyo . Pambuyo pake, izi zingabweretse mavuto aakulu omwe sali olamulidwa bwino, ndipo ndalama zothandizira zaumoyo zoposa zomwe zikanadakhala ngati chisamaliro chisanapewedwe chifukwa cha ndalama.
Palinso nkhaŵa kuti olemba ena angakhale ndi dongosolo la thanzi lomwe silili "Cadillac" mu chirengedwe (mwachitsanzo, mapindu ake sali abwino kwambiri kuposa oposa), koma izo zili ndi malipiro apamwamba kuposa olemba mbiri kapena makampani a abwana.
ACA ikuletsa kugwiritsa ntchito mbiri ya madandaulo kapena magulu a malonda kuti apereke ndalama zogula ntchito zimangogwira ntchito pamsika wamagulu ndi aang'ono; mumsika waukulu wa magulu, amati mbiri ndi mafakitale angakhozebe kugwira nawo ntchito zopambana. Tsono ngakhale msonkho wa Cadillac ukufuna kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha mapulani omwe amapereka chitsimikiziro chokwanira, kugwiritsa ntchito miyala yomwe ikuweruza kuti pakhale ndondomeko yowonjezerapo ndalama zokhazokha zikhoza kukhala zolakwika, chifukwa mapulani ena apamwamba angakhale ndi malipiro apamwamba pa zifukwa zina kupatula kupindula kwawo.
Palinso zodetsa nkhaŵa kuti mu mayiko monga Wyoming ndi Alaska, kumene chithandizo cha zaumoyo-komanso motero, ndalama zothandizira inshuwalansi-zimakhala zodula kwambiri kuposa zowonjezereka, zolinga zambiri zikanalowa mu msonkho wa msonkho wa Cadillac, ngakhale kuti amapereka ndalama zambiri.
Kodi Mtengo wa Cadillac Udzaperekedwa?
Kuyambira tsopano mpaka 2020, nkotheka kuti msonkho wa Cadillac ukhoza kuchotsedwa. Kawirikawiri msonkho uli ndi chithandizo kuchokera kwa azachuma (kuphatikizapo Purezidenti wa Council of Economic Advisors). Koma olemba ntchito, ogwirizanitsa, ogula, ndi ndale-mbali zonse za kanjira-amatsutsana nazo.
Democratic Party ya 2016 akuyitanitsa msonkho wa Cadillac, ndipo GOP wakhala akuitana kuti abweretse msonkho pamodzi ndi onse kapena ena onse a ACA. Chifukwa cha kutsutsidwa kwa bipartisan kwa msonkho, pali kuthekera kuti sichidzapulumuka nthawi yaitali kuti idzagwiritsidwe ntchito mu 2020.
> Zotsatira:
> Congress.gov. HR2029, Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2016. Inakhazikitsidwa 12/18/2015.
> Congressional Budget Office, Msonkhano wa Budget wa Nthawi Yakale wa 2016, July 2016.
> Gable, Jon; Pickreign, Jeremy; McDevitt, Roland; Briggs, Thomas. Kukhoma msonkho Cadillac Zaumoyo Zaumoyo Zingapangitse Chevy Zotsatira. Health Affairs, January 2010, Vol 29, No 1.
> Haviland, Amelia M .; Eisenberg, Matthew D ;; Mehrotra, Ateev; Huckfeldt, Peter J .; Sood, Neeraj. Kodi "Malingaliro Otsogoleredwa ndi Ogwiritsira Ntchito" Omwe Amagwiritsira Ntchito Thanzi Labwino Amawombera Nthawi Yopambana? Bungwe la National Economic Research Research, March 2015.