Mmene Kusinthira kwaumoyo kumakukhudzani Inu
Pa March 23, 2010, Pulezidenti Obama adasintha lamulo loti boma likhale lokonza zaumoyo lotchedwa Affordable Care Act. Cholinga cha lamulo ndikutsimikizira kuti pafupifupi anthu onse a ku America ali ndi inshuwalansi yathanzi .
Kusintha kwakukulu mu Chithandizo Chachidwi Chachidakonzedwa kuti chichepetse kwambiri zopinga zopezera kulandira chithandizo cha umoyo komanso kupeza zofunikira zothandizira zaumoyo.
Koma lamulo lakhala likutsutsana kuyambira pachiyambi, ndipo kugawidwa kowawa pakati pa kusamalidwa kwa zaumoyo kwachititsa kuti kusamalidwa kwa chithandizo cha thanzi kukhale kosakwana.
Zambiri mwazigawo za ACA zinagwira ntchito mu 2014, kuphatikizapo chiwerengero chakuti anthu onse a ku America azikhala ndi inshuwalansi ya umoyo-kaya kudzera mwa abwana awo, kudzera mu pulogalamu ya anthu monga Medicaid kapena Medicare , kapena pogula malonda pamsika, kapena pogwiritsa ntchito ndalama kapena kusinthanitsa . Pali chilango chimene IRS imayesa pamene anthu sakhala ndi inshuwalansi, koma chilangocho chidzachotsedwa kumapeto kwa 2018, pansi pa malamulo a Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, omwe adakhazikitsidwa mu December 2017. akadakali chilango cha kusavomerezedwa mu 2018 , koma sipadzakhalanso chilango kwa anthu omwe sali otsimikiziridwa mu 2019, kupatula ngati iwo ali ku Massachusetts, kapena m'mayiko ena omwe angakhazikitse chilango chawo payekha.
Mfundo zazikuluzikulu za Ntchito Yodalirika Yothandiza
Bwezerani mapulani azaumoyo paokha ndi aang'ono:
- Kupewera kufalitsa chifukwa cha matenda omwe analipo kale .
- Kuthetsa kufotokozera kupatula ngati mukuchitiridwa chinyengo kapena mwadala mwatsatanetsatane.
- Kulipira ndalama zapamwamba chifukwa cha zaumoyo.
- Kulembetsa olembetsa okalamba oposa katatu kuposa olembetsa achinyamata.
- Mapulani omwe samaphimba phindu la thanzi, pokhapokha ndondomekoyi itabadwa kapena kholo lalikulu .
Amafuna onse osakhala grandfathered thanzi labwino kuti:
- Tsambulani chisamaliro chodzitetezera popanda kugawana mtengo.
- Sungani ndalama zogwiritsira ntchito ndalama zothandizira zaumoyo. HHS imaika malire apamwamba pa ndalama zomwe zimatuluka kunja chaka chilichonse. Mu 2018, sizingapitilire $ 7,350 kwa munthu mmodzi, kapena $ 13,700 kwa banja.
- Lolani achinyamata kuti akhalebe pa dongosolo la thanzi la makolo mpaka zaka 26 .
Akufuna abwana aakulu kuti:
- Perekani inshuwalansi ya mtengo wapatali kwa antchito awo a nthawi zonse, kapena kuti mukhale ndi chilango.
Akufuna aliyense payekha kuti:
- Pezani inshuwalansi ya umoyo kapena kulipiritsa chilango , pokhapokha atapatsidwa mpata wokwanira. Chofunika ichi chidzapitirizabe kugwira ntchito, koma chilango chidzachepetsedwa ku $ 0 kwa anthu omwe sali otsimikiziridwa mu 2019 ndi kupitirira ( pakadalibe chilango choti asatonthozedwe mu 2018 )
Amapanga chithunzi ndikusamala kwambiri ndi:
- Malipiro a msonkho woyamba
- Kugawidwa kwa ndalama zamagulu
- Kuwonjezereka kwa Medicaid (ma 19 asanalandire ndalama za federal kuti athetse Medicaid kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa 2018, ngakhale kuti Maine akuyenera kukweza Medicaid pakati pa 2018, pambali ya chisankho chomwe ovoti adapita mu 2017).
Kusintha Kwa Achimereka omwe Alibe Inshuwalansi ya Umoyo
Malingana ndi zomwe mumapeza, kukula kwa banja, ndi malo okhala, mungakhale ndi njira zingapo zotsatsa, kuphatikizapo thandizo la ndalama (chithandizo) ngati simungathe kugula inshuwalansi ya thanzi. Zotsatirazi ndi zitsanzo zazomwe mungakambirane - gawo la ndalama likugwiritsidwa ntchito pa kufotokoza kwa 2018.
Pogwiritsa ntchito Medicaid, chiwerengero cha umphaŵi cha 2018 chimaigwiritsidwa ntchito mu 2018, koma kuti chiwerengero cha 2017 FPL chikhale choyenera, chiwerengero cha 2017 FPL chikugwiritsidwa ntchito pa 2018 (chifukwa chakuti kulembera kwa anthu payekha kumayambira kugwa, kusanayambe chaka, ndipo nambala ya FPL isanayambe kusinthidwa kwa chaka chatsopano).
Chitsanzo 1: Choyenerera Medicaid mu boma lomwe lawonjezera Medicaid
Zaka pachaka:
- mpaka $ 16,753 payekha
- mpaka $ 34,638 kwa banja la anayi
Ndemanga:
- Anthu a ku America omwe amapeza ndalama zochepa omwe ali nzika za ku America, komanso amitundu ambiri, amatha kulembetsa pulogalamu yawo ya Medicaid.
- Dziko lanu lingapangitse ndalama zochepa zomwe sizikugwiritsidwa ntchito , monga ndalama ya $ 1 mpaka $ 5 pa ulendo wa dokotala kapena ntchito zina zosankhidwa. Ena amati amapanganso malipiro apadera a Medicaid omwe amalembetsa ndalama ndi ndalama zopanda umphawi (ACA imalola kuti Medicaid iwonjezeke mpaka 138 peresenti ya umphaŵi).
- M'madera omwe sanatulutse Medicaid, odwala ambiri opanda ana amalephera kulandira Medicaid mosasamala kanthu momwe ndalama zawo ziliri zochepa, ndipo kulandira kwa makolo a ana ang'onoang'ono kumakhala kochepa kwa iwo omwe ali ndi ndalama zochepa kwambiri-pansi pa umphawi .
Chitsanzo chachiwiri: Oyenerera kugula ndondomeko ya umoyo wothandizira kudzera mu inshuwalansi ya umoyo wa boma (kuyambira mu 2014)
Zaka pachaka:
- mpaka $ 48,240 kwa munthu aliyense
- mpaka $ 98,400 kwa banja la anayi
Ndemanga:
- Zolinga zamagulu zomwe zimagwira nawo ntchito kusinthana ziyenera kupereka phukusi lazinthu zofunika kwambiri za thanzi ndikuphimba ndalama zokwana 60 peresenti za ndalama zothandizira zaumoyo ( ndondomeko zoopsya zingagwiritse ntchito ndalama zochepa zowonjezera ndalama, koma ndalama zopanda ndalama zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kugula mapulani oopsa).
- Ngati mumagula inshuwalansi ya moyo wanu pogwiritsa ntchito kusinthanitsa ndikuyeneranso kupereka ndalama zothandizira ndalama, gawo lanu la mtengo wapatali (chifukwa cha ndondomeko ya siliva yochepa kwambiri m'dera lanu) sichidzapitirira gawo limodzi la ndalama zanu-kuyambira pa 2.01 peresenti mpaka 9.56 peresenti mu 2018-malingana ndi ndalama zomwe mumapeza. Simukufunika kuti mugulitse ndondomeko ya siliva yachiwiri-yotsika mtengo ngakhale. Mungasankhe kugula ndondomeko yotsika mtengo kwambiri, ndikugwiritsanso ntchito chithandizocho mmalo mwake. Ngati mugula ndondomeko yotsika mtengo, mumalipira ndalama zochepa zomwe mumapeza mukalandira ndalama zothandizira, ndipo ngati mutagula ndondomeko yamtengo wapatali, mudzalipira kuchuluka kwa ndalama zanu potsata ndalama zothandizira.
Chitsanzo chachitatu: Kuyenera kugulira payekha koma popanda thandizo lachuma
Zaka pachaka:
- $ 48,241 ndi pamwamba pa munthu aliyense
- $ 98,401 ndi pamwamba pa banja la anayi
Ndemanga:
- Simukuyenera kulandira thandizo, kapena thandizo lachuma pa malipiro awa.
- Ngati simukukhala ndi inshuwalansi ya umoyo , mukhoza kulipira chilango chofanana ndi 2.5 peresenti ya ndalama zanu kapena $ 695 pa munthu wamkulu wosatetezedwe pokhapokha mutapatsidwa mpata wokwanira. Chilango ichi chidzaikidwa pa $ 0 kwa anthu omwe sali otsimikiziridwa mu 2019 kapena kupitirira.
- Ngati malipiro anu ali pamwamba pazomwe mungakwanitse, mungathe kuchepetsa pothandizira miyambo ya IRA kapena HSA (ngati muli ndi dongosolo la thanzi la HSA).
Kusintha kwa Achimereka ndi Inshuwalansi ya Umoyo
Malinga ndi mtundu wa inshuwaransi yaumoyo yomwe mwakhala nayo kale, mukhoza kapena simunasinthe kusintha chifukwa cha ACA. .
Ngati chitsimikizo chanu cha umoyo ndizofunikira kale, izi ndi zina mwazochita zanu:
Khalani mu ndondomeko ya abwana: Ngati abwana anu apitiriza kupereka inshuwalansi yaumphawi, mukhoza kuisunga.
Gulani ndondomeko yaumoyo kudzera mu inshuwalansi ya umoyo wanu: Ngati muli ndi bizinesi yaing'ono , kapena abwana anu amapereka phindu lochepa, kapena mumapereka ndalama zoposa 9,55% zomwe mumapeza patsikuli (mu 2018), mukhoza kuyang'ana kuti mukhale ndi njira zabwino mukusinthana.
Ngati gwero lanu la inshuwaransi ndilo lamulo limene munagula nokha kapena banja lanu musanafike 2014, izi ndizo zomwe mungasankhe:
Sungani ndondomeko yanu yamakono: Ngati ndondomeko yanu ya umoyo ikupitiriza kupereka chithunzi chomwecho, mukhoza kuchikonzanso. Komabe, inshuwalansi yatsopano ya inshuwalansi imayenera kutsatiridwa ndi boma laling'ono; Mapulani aumoyo akuluakulu omwe satsatira mfundo izi sangathe kulemba makasitomala atsopano. Ndondomeko ya abambo (yomwe ikugwiritsidwa ntchito pa March 23, 2010) ikhoza kukhalitsa kwamuyaya, malinga ngati inshuwalansi ikupitiriza kuwatsitsimutsa- omwe sakuyenera kuchita . Ndondomeko zazikuluzikulu (masiku otsiriza pambuyo pa March 23, 2010, koma kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2013) aloledwa kugwira ntchito kumapeto kwa 2018.
Gulani malonda kudzera mu inshuwalansi wanu: Ngati malipiro anu sali oposa 400 peresenti ya umphawi ($ 48,240 kwa munthu mmodzi mu 2018), mukhoza kulandira msonkho wa boma kuti muthe kulipira mtengo wanu. Dziwani kuti mutha kugula chithandizo chachikulu cha mankhwala (payekha kapena kuchotsa kusinthanitsa) pa nthawi yolembera , kapena nthawi yolembera yapadera yochitidwa ndi choyenera .
Ngati muli pa Medicare, zosankha zanu zisakhale zosasintha kwambiri, koma ndalama zokhudzana ndi mankhwalawa zatsika ngati mukusowa mankhwala okwanira omwe mumafika pakhomo lanu , ndipo mwayi wanu wopita kuntchito ungakhale wabwino:
Zowonjezera (kapena zowonjezera) zopindulitsa ndi kuyenerera sizinasinthe: ACA sanasinthe malamulo oyenerera a Medicare.
Medicare Zopindulitsa : Dipatimenti ya federal ya thandizo la Medicare Advantage yachepetsedwa, zomwe poyamba zinayambitsa kuganiza kuti zolingazo zikanakhala zochepa kwambiri ndi kulephera kulembetsa. Koma inshuwalansi ya Medicare Yopindulitsa yapitiriza kuwonjezeka zaka zomwe ACA inasindikizidwa kukhala lamulo, ndipo ndondomekoyi ndi yotchuka kwambiri kuposa kale lonse, ndipo gawo limodzi mwa atatu mwa onse omwe amapatsidwa thandizo la Medicare omwe analowetsa mapulani a Medicare Advantage mu 2017.
Kufikira mautumiki: Medicare tsopano akuphatikiza maulendo apachaka apamwamba, chifukwa cha udindo wa ACA wosamalira chithandizo.
Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo: Kusiyana kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo (Medicare Part D donut hole) kumachotsedwa pang'onopang'ono, ndipo kudzathetsedwa ndi 2020.
> Zotsatira:
> Federal Register. Dipatimenti ya zaumoyo ndi zithandizo zaumunthu. Chitetezo cha Odwala ndi Zopanda Thandizo Labwino; Chidziwitso cha HHS cha Kupindula ndi Kulipira Malipiro a 2018; Kusinthidwa kwa Nthawi Zowonjezera Zapadera ndi Ogulitsa Ogwira Ntchito ndi Okhazikitsa Mapulani Pulogalamu. December 22, 2016.
> HealthCare.gov Werengani ndondomeko yosamalira ndalama.
> Mapulogalamu apakati a zapakhomo, Njira Yowonetsera Mapeto 2017-36 .
> Kaiser Family Foundation, Medicaid Zowonjezera Zowonjezera Zowonjezera kwa Akuluakulu ngati Peresenti ya Nkhanza ya Umphawi Wachigawo. January 2017.
> Kaiser Family Foundation. Medicare Ubwino. May 11, 2016.