Kumvetsa Broca's, Wernicke & Global Aphasia
Aphasia ndi kupweteka kwa chilankhulo chomwe chimapezeka pamene wina akuvutika ndi kuvulazidwa ndi zilankhulidwe za ubongo . Chilankhulo cha ubongo chimawonekera m'madera ozungulira, chiwonongeko cham'tsogolo, komanso phokoso lamakono.
Ntchito ya chinenero ili pamtunda umodzi (hafu) ya ubongo, yomwe imatchedwa dziko lalikulu kwambiri. Kawirikawiri, chigawo chachikulu cha ubongo chili kumbali yotsutsana ndi dzanja lamphamvu.
Aphasia ikhoza kuchitika chifukwa cha kuvulala kwa ubongo, monga kupwetekedwa, kupweteka kwa ubongo, ubongo, kapena matenda a ubongo. Chifukwa cha momwe mitsempha ya magazi imapangidwira mu ubongo, vuto lalikulu la apassia ndilopweteka.
Kodi Aphasia Ndi Chiyani?
Aphasia ikhoza kukhudza chilankhulo m'njira zambiri chifukwa pali zigawo zingapo za ubongo zomwe zimalamulira chinenero. Chimodzi mwa zilankhulo za chilankhulo chikuvulala, koma zilankhulo zina zimakhala zathanzi, chinenero china chimakhudzidwa, pamene chinenero china chikugwira ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, anthu okhala ndi aphasiya akhoza kukhala ndi vuto lobala mawu, akhoza kukhala ovuta kumvetsetsa chilankhulo, kapena akhoza kukhala ndi vuto powerenga kapena kulemba. Anthu oposa 20 peresenti ya anthu onse omwe amavutika ndi matendawa amakhala ndi mtundu wina wa apassia.
Pali ziwerengero zambiri za alasi syndromes zomwe zimadziwika bwino ndi zilankhulidwe zina ndi zilankhulo zomwe zimagwirizana ndi mbali za ubongo zomwe zawonongeka ndi stroke.
Mitundu itatu yambiri ya afesiya ndi:
- Broca's alasia
- Wernicke's apassia
- Global aphasia
Broca ya Aphasia / Motor Aphasia
Mtundu uwu wa apassia umatchulidwa ndi munthu amene adapeza malo a ubongo omwe ali ndi udindo wopanga kulankhula. Broca's apassia nthawi zina amatchedwa "motorphasia" pofuna kutsindika kuti ndikupanga chilankhulo chomwe chilibe vuto, monga kulankhula, pamene mbali zina za chinenero zimasungidwa.
Pambuyo pa kupweteka, dera la Broca likuwonongeka chifukwa cha kusokonezeka kwa magazi m'mitsempha ya mitsempha yomwe imapereka malo a Broca, omwe ali pamtunda wa ubongo . Kawirikawiri, Broca's aphasia imalepheretsa munthu kupanga mawu omveka bwino kapena ziganizo koma amakhala ndi zotsatira zochepa kapena zosatheka kuti amvetsetse ena akamayankhula.
Ngati muli ndi Broca's aphasia, mukhoza kumakhumudwa chifukwa chakuti simungathe kusintha maganizo anu m'mawu. Ena opulumuka ku stroke ndi aphasia anganene mawu ochepa omwe amachokera ndi mtundu wamalankhula wotchedwa telegraphic speech.
Chifukwa mitsempha ina yomwe imakhudzidwa ndi Broca's apassia imaperekanso magazi m'madera a ubongo omwe amayendetsa kayendetsedwe ka mbali imodzi ya thupi (kawirikawiri kumanja), Broca's aphasia nthawi zambiri imatsatiridwa ndi zovuta zina, kuphatikizapo hemiparesis, kapena hemiplegia kumbali yoyenera ya thupi, alexia, ndi agraphia.
Aphasia a Wernicke
Wernicke's apasia amatchulidwa ndi munthu amene adapeza mbali za ubongo zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chidziwitso cha chilankhulo chikhale chodziwika bwino. Anthu omwe ali ndi aphasia a Wernicke sangathe kumvetsa ena, kapena ngakhale iwo, akamayankhula.
Zolankhula za Wernicke'sphasia, komabe, ndizosamvetsetseka, monga opulumuka ndi matendawa ndi Wernicke's aphasia amapanga ziganizo ndi mawu okonzedwa mu zomwe zimawoneka ngati njira yosasintha. Mwachitsanzo, mukhoza kumva Wernicke's aphasic akunena kuti: "Pakhomo panga panagwiritsa ntchito nyali zakumwamba." Mtundu uwu wa chiyankhulo nthawi zina umatchedwanso logorrhea.
Komabe, pamene anthu omwe ali ndi Wernicke aphasia akunena, amamva ngati akuyenera kumvetsetsedwa. Izi zimachitika chifukwa chosowa kuzindikira za vuto lawo lalikulu la chinenero, ( anosognosia ). Patapita nthawi, a Wernicke's aphasics angaphunzire kuti ena sangathe kumvetsa akamalankhula, kotero iwo akhoza kukhala okwiya, operewera , ndi ovutika maganizo .
Wernicke's apasia ndi chimodzi mwa zotsatira zovuta kwambiri zomwe zimakhala zovuta pambuyo pa kupwetekedwa.
Global Aphasia
Ichi ndi mtundu wa aphasia umene umakhalapo pamene kuwonongeka mu ubongo kuli kwakukulu kokwanira kumaphatikizapo madera a Broca's ndi Wernicke. Opulumuka ndi afesi padziko lonse sangathe kumvetsa chinenero choyankhula kapena kulankhula. Komabe, nthawi zina, anthu omwe ali ndi apasiasas padziko lonse akhoza kulankhulabe pogwiritsa ntchito chilembo.
Mawu Ochokera
Aphasia ndi chimodzi mwa zotsatira za kudwala ndi kupweteka kwa ubongo, monga kuvulala kwa ubongo, ndi matenda a ubongo (encephalitis) . Sikophweka kukhala ndi afesisia. Ndikofunika kutenga nawo mbali mankhwala, kuphatikizapo chithandizo chamankhwala pamene mukuchira pamtima.
Omwe amapulumuka ndi matenda a sitiroko ndi okondedwa awo amapindula pozindikira zinthu zobisika zaphasia, zomwe zingathandize kuchepetsa kuyankhulana ndikupangitsani kuchira mosavuta.
> Chitsime:
> Magalimoto amachira panthawi yomwe akudwala matendawa omwe ali ndi afiasia: udindo wa lingaliro lapadera, Ginex V, Veronelli L, Vanacore N, Lacorte E, Monti A, Corbo M, Top Stroke Rehabil. 2017 Mar 21: 1-7