Pambuyo pa kupwetekedwa, njira yoyamba yakuchiritsira ndi kuchiritsa imaphatikizapo ndondomeko yowonetsera kukonzanso zofunikira za thupi komanso kulingalira bwino. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana yotsatizanitsa matenda a post-strokepost, ndipo ngati mukuchira, mukhoza kuchitapo chimodzi mwa izi.
Thandizo la Thupi
Thandizo la thupi limaphatikizapo mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya minofu ndi machitidwe.
Zochitika zochizira matenda opatsirana pogonana zimapangidwa kuti ziphunzitse ubongo ndi minofu kugwirira ntchito pamodzi pogwiritsa ntchito njira yomwe imalimbitsa minofu ndikusunga maonekedwe abwino. Kafukufuku waposachedwapa wochokera ku United Kingdom anagwiritsa ntchito deta kuchokera ku deta ya Cochrane, imodzi mwazikuluzikulu zomwe zinapulumuka databanks, kuti adziwe momwe ntchito yathanzi imathandizira pambuyo pa kupwetekedwa. Zotsatira za kafukufuku wa ku UK zatsimikizira kuti pali njira zosiyanasiyana zamagetsi komanso njira zomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzungulira dziko lonse kuti apulumutsidwe opulumuka.
Ngakhale kuti ochita kafukufukuwa sanapeze kuti mankhwalawa ndi abwino kuposa ena, iwo anatsimikiza kuti mankhwalawa ndi othandiza kuthandiza opulumuka miyendo kuti azitha kuyenda bwino (kuyenda mofulumira,) kuyenda mofulumira komanso khalani bwino bwino. Ochita kafukufuku amayerekezera kuti mlingo woyenera wa mankhwalawo umakhala pafupifupi 30-60 mphindi 5-7 masiku pa sabata.
Mankhwalawa anapezeka kuti ndi othandiza kwambiri pamene magawowa adayambitsidwa posachedwa.
Thandizo Labwino
Mosiyana ndi chithandizo chamankhwala, mankhwala ogwira ntchito ndi mtundu wophunzira kwambiri. Ogwira ntchito pantchito amagwira ntchito ndi opulumuka ku matendawa pa ntchito zenizeni za tsiku ndi tsiku monga kukwera masitepe, kulowa ndi kugona ndi kuvala.
Inde, pali kugwirizana pakati pa mankhwala opatsirana ndi mankhwala, ndipo zonsezi ndizo zigawo zikuluzikulu za kupweteka kwa matenda, koma mankhwala opatsirana amathandizira kwambiri kulimbikitsa ndi kusunga mawu a magulu a minofu, pamene chithandizo cha ntchito chimayang'ana kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito minofu pofuna zolinga zinazake.
Thandizo ndi Kulankhula
Kulankhula ndi kumeza ndi luso limene limafuna kulingalira za zomwe zikuchitika pamene mukugwirizana minofu. Maluso onsewa amagwiritsa ntchito minofu ya nkhope, pakamwa, lilime ndi mmero. Mavuto amalankhulidwe kawirikawiri amatha kuchitika pambuyo poti agwidwa, pamene kumeza mavuto nthawi zambiri kumadabwa kwambiri ndi opulumuka odwala ndi okondedwa awo.
Kulankhulana ndi kumeza kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchipatala, patangotha masiku angapo pambuyo pa kupwetekedwa. Pamene mukuchira pamtima, malankhulidwe anu ndi kumeza amatha kuyamba bwino.
Kulankhula n'kofunika pa kulankhulana. Kulankhula kumafuna kugwiritsa ntchito chinenero kuti amvetse zomwe anthu akunena. Kulankhulanso kumafuna kugwiritsa ntchito chinenero polankhula ndi ena. Thandizo la kulankhula limaphatikizapo kumvetsetsa mawu komanso kupanga mawu omwe ena amatha kumvetsa bwino. Nthawi zina, chithandizo cha kulankhula chimaphatikizapo zikwangwani, zithunzi, komanso, kuchita ndi kubwereza ndi kulankhula.
Kuwunika n'kofunika pa zifukwa zingapo. Zakudya zabwino ndizofunika kwambiri pamoyo, ndipo izi sizikusintha pambuyo pa kupwetekedwa. Kugwiritsa ntchito luso ndikofunika kuti mukhale ndi zakudya zabwino. Komabe, kugwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera kumeza ndi kofunika pazinthu zina za umoyo, kuphatikizapo zakudya. Pamene kumeza minofu kusasuntha monga momwe ziyenera kukhalira, kudya chakudya ndi chimodzi mwa zotsatira zoopsa.
Choking ingayambitse matenda otchedwa aspiration chibayo , chomwe ndi vuto lalikulu pakati pa opulumuka odwala kuposa momwe anthu ambiri amazindikira. Kusankha zakudya kungapangitse kuti munthu asakhale ndi mpweya woopsa wa oxygen, umene ukhoza kuwononga ubongo komanso ngakhale ubongo kufa.
Zotsatira za ulemala wowononga sizinthu zosasamalidwa. Mwamwayi, pali dongosolo lonse lothandizira mankhwala opatsirana kuti athe kuthandiza odwala opweteka kuti asagwidwe ndi mavuto aakulu ndi owopsya a kupwetekedwa.
Thandizo Labwino
Kuwonetsa chithandizo ndi kuchepetsa mankhwala nthawi zambiri kumapangidwira pulogalamu yowonongeka yogwirizana ndi opulumuka. Izi ndichifukwa chakuti malingaliro amatsamira payeso chabwino ndipo amadalira pang'ono masomphenya abwino. Mbali za ubongo zomwe zimayang'anira ntchito ziwirizi ndizosiyana, koma zimadalira wina ndi mnzake pamene zimagwirizana. Ichi ndi chifukwa chake n'zomveka kuti masewera olimbitsa thupi akuphatikizapo luso lowonetsera.
Kafukufuku wina wamakono wofufuza zachipatala womwe unagwirizanitsa mgwirizano pakati pa ofufuza ochokera ku Memphis, Tennessee ndi ku Denmark anapeza kuti 60 peresenti ya opulumuka pa stroke omwe adagwira nawo ntchito yothandizira masomphenya ndi mankhwala oyenera, poyerekeza ndi 23 peresenti ya opulumuka pa stroke omwe sanachitepo kanthu mu mankhwala.
Thandizo lalingaliro
Thandizo la kulingalira lingakhale lingaliro latsopano pa kukonzanso matenda. Thandizo la kulingalira limaphatikizapo mapulani omwe apangidwa kuti apangitse luso loganiza komanso kuthetsa maluso. Pali vuto lachinsinsi laumphawi pambuyo pa kupwetekedwa. Odwala opweteka omwe amatha kuchira chifukwa cha kupweteka kwakukulu kambirimbiri amakhala ndi zifukwa zambiri zowonongeka kusiyana ndi opulumuka miyendo yomwe imachokera ku sitiroko yaying'ono yopanda chilolezo. Sitiroko zam'mbali za kumanzere zimakhala zolakwika zosiyana kwambiri ndi zokopa zapamwamba , ndipo izi zingasokoneze njira yanu yopulumuka ngati wopulumuka.
Thandizo la kulingalira limayendera monga kugwiritsa ntchito masewera a pakompyuta , njira zenizeni zenizeni ndi mankhwala opangidwa ndi makompyuta omwe akuwongolera pakalipano akuphunziridwa ngati njira zowonjezera ntchito yomvetsetsa pambuyo pa kupwetekedwa. Pakati pa zochitika zosiyanasiyana zolepheretsa kusokonezeka maganizo, chithandizo chabwino kwambiri cha chithandizo chakumidzi sichinakhazikitsidwe. Komabe, pakalipano, omaliza ndi akuti opulumuka omwe ali ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matendawa amachira bwino kuposa opulumuka ku sitiroko omwe samagwira nawo ntchito yothandizira.
Thandizo Labwino Lathupi
Mitundu yatsopano yothandizira imakhala ndi magalasi, magetsi ndi mankhwala. Ophunzira omwe amapita ku kafukufuku amene amagwiritsa ntchito njira zatsopano zothandizira anthu odwala matendawa amayamba kuyesa bwino pa zotsatira za zotsatira za sitiroko ndipo nthawi zambiri samakhala ndi zotsatira zovulaza chifukwa cha kukonzanso. Dongosolo loyambanso kubwezeretsa pambuyo poti sitiroko limalonjeza, koma kafukufuku asayansi amalingalira nthawi zonse kuti angathe kukhala ndi 'placebo effect'. Zotsatira za placebo ndi mwayi woti munthu amene akuthandizira adzasintha chifukwa cha chikhulupiliro choyambirira kuti thandizolo lidzathandiza. Mpweya wa placebo ukhoza kuchitapo kanthu kuti ukhale wopindulitsa ngakhale kuti kulowerera sikungathandize. Pangakhale pulogalamu ya placebo yothandiza komanso yothandiza pokhudzana ndi njira zamakono zowonetsera zowonongeka.
> Zotsatira:
> Choi YH, Ku J, Lim H, Kim YH, Paik NJ. Mapulogalamu apamwamba a masewera olimbitsa thupi omwe ali pamtunda wothandizira kumapazi apamwamba pambuyo pa kupweteka kwapadera. Kubwezeretsa Neurol Neurosci. 2016; 34 (3): 455-63.
> Pollock A, Baer G, Campbell P, ndi al. Kukonzekera kwa thupi kumayesetsanso kuti ayambe kugwira ntchito komanso kuyenda mofulumira. Cochrane Database Rev. 2014; (4): CD001920.
> Schow T, Harris P, Teasdale TW, Rasmussen MA. Kuwonetsetsa pulogalamu ya kukonzanso kwa miyezi inayi kwa odwala omwe ali ndi vutoli komanso mavuto osowa maonekedwe a binocular. NeuroRehabilitation. 2016; 38 (4): 331-41.