Ngati mukuganiza kuti mwapezeka ndi matendawa, ndikofunika kuti muwone dokotala. Adzatenga mkodzo kapena kusungunula malo omwe akuganiza kuti ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV (vagin, urethra, kapena throat), ndikufuna kutsimikizira kuti akudwala matenda a bakiteriya, kutsitsa magalamu, kapena kuyesera kwa majeremusi. Ngati simungathe kuonana ndi dokotala, kapena mumakonda kuchitapo kanthu payekha, palinso makiti omwe amakulolani kudziyesa nokha kuchokera kunyumba.
Chifukwa chakuti mphutsi imakhalapo popanda zizindikilo, anthu omwe ali pangozi yowonongeka angathe kulangizidwa kuti ayesetse mayeso a matendawa ndi ena, mosasamala momwe amamvera.
Mapulogalamu ndi Mayesero
Pali mayesero atatu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti apeze matendawa, omwe ali ndi ubwino ndi zoperewera zawo. Kuphatikizana ndi magalasi-mabala ndi mabakiteriya, teknoloji yatsopano, yotchedwa nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) , ikhoza kupereka umboni wa chibadwa cha matenda.
Kuunika kwa Nucleic Amplification (NAAT)
The NAAT ndi mtundu wa kuyesedwa kwa majeremusi yomwe inayamba kupangidwa mu 1993. Ndi njira yabwino yoyesera kugwiritsira ntchito mitsempha yoteteza mimba komanso kubereka chifukwa cha msanga komanso molondola.
M'malo mofuna mabakiteriya okha, NAAT imatchula kuti majini ndi apadera kwa N. gonorrhoeae . Zimatero popeza DNA ya bakiteriya kuchokera mumtambo kapena mkodzo wa vagin, chiberekero, kapena urethra (mwa amuna). Kupyolera mu ndondomeko yotchedwa thermocycling, nsongazi zimaphatikizidwa mobwerezabwereza mpaka pali makope pafupifupi biliyoni.
Pogwiritsa ntchito chibadwa cha matenda, kachilombo ka NAAT kamatha kupereka zotsatira zolondola mkati mwa maola angapo. Mukhoza kuyembekezera kulandira zotsatira za mayeso anu masiku awiri kapena atatu.
Ngakhale kuti malo opatsirana ndi matenda oletsa matenda (CDC) amalimbikitsa kuti NAAT ikhale yogwiritsira ntchito matenda a gonorrheal a rectum ndi throat, Food and Drug Administration sichinavomereze mayeso ogwiritsira ntchito.
Bakiteriya Chikhalidwe
Chikhalidwe cha bakiteriya chikhoza kukhala chogwira ntchito kwambiri pozindikira kuti matendawa amachititsa kuti ziwalo za m'mimba, ziwalo, maso kapena mmero. Pambuyo popanga nsalu ya malo osungirako, maselo osonkhanitsidwa adzawonjezeredwa ku chinthu chomwe chimalimbikitsa kukula kwa N. gonorrhoeae . Ngati pali kukula, mayesero ndi abwino. Ngati palibe kukula, mayesero ndi oipa.
Chikhalidwe chingagwiritsidwenso ntchito kuti mudziwe ngati bakiteriya sagonjetsedwa ndi mankhwala alionse omwe alipo. Izi ndi zofunika kuti mudziwe ngati mankhwala akulephera kuthetsa matenda kapena pali matenda omwe akufalitsidwa ndi gonococcal (DGI), vuto lalikulu limene mabakiteriya alola kudzera m'magazi kupita ku ziwalo zambiri.
Ngakhale chikhalidwe chingapereke umboni wosatsimikizika wa matenda, mayesero angasokonezedwe ngati swab sichigwira bwino. (Gonorrheal swab imafuna maselo onse a mucosal ndi kutaya kwapatsiku.) Chikhalidwe cha bakiteriya chimakhalanso chosasinthika ndipo sichikhoza kukhala cholondola ngati pali zolakwitsa zilizonse pakusamalira, kusungirako, kusakaniza, kapena kukonza zitsanzo.
Nthawi zambiri, zimatenga masiku asanu kapena asanu ndi awiri kuti alandire zotsatira za chikhalidwe cha bakiteriya.
Gram Staining
Kujambula galasi ndi njira imene dyesiti yapadera imagwiritsiridwa ntchito kuti iwononge makoma a mabakiteriya kuti athe kudzipatula ndikudziwika pansi pa microscope.
Kuyala magalasi ndi njira zabwino zowonetsera matenda opatsirana mwa amuna. Zomwe zimachitidwa popeza sitirobe kuchokera ku urethra komanso "chitsanzo choyamba" cha mkodzo. ("Nsomba yoyamba" ndi njira yomwe amatsitsimula kwa ola limodzi musanayambe kusonkhanitsa ndipo mitsempha yoyamba 20 mpaka 30 ya mkodzo imasonkhanitsidwa kuchokera kutuluka.)
Kuwonjezera apo, kuyesera kwa gram sikuli koyenera kwambiri kwa akazi chifukwa nthawi zambiri N. gonorrhoeae amatha kufalikira mosavuta ndi mabakiteriya ena omwe amabwera mwachibadwa. Komanso, chifukwa chida cha galasi chiri ndi mphamvu zochepa, zotsatira zowonongeka kwa amuna osadziwika sungaganizidwe kukhala olondola.
Muzochitika zonsezi, mitundu ina yoyesera idzakhala yofunikira.
Kawirikawiri kuyankhula, muyenera kuyembekezera kulandira tsamba lanu loyesa magalamu masiku awiri kapena atatu.
Kusanthula Kusiyanasiyana
Ngakhale zizindikiro zina za gonorrhea zingawonekere kukhala zenizeni kwa inu (monga kutuluka kwa milky kuchokera ku mbolo), pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zina zomwe dokotala akufuna kuzifufuza zomwe zili ndi zinthu zofanana. Izi zikuphatikizapo:
- Matenda a m'magulu a urinary
- Herpes simplex urethritis
- Vaginitis
- Bakiteriya vaginosis
- Ziwalo zamkati zamkati
- Epididymitis
- Mucopurulent cervicitis
- Bacterial conjunctivitis
- Orchitis
Kuyesedwa / Kuyesedwa Kwapanyumba
Ngati mukuganiza kuti mwakhala mukupezeka ku gonorrhea, mukhoza kuyang'ana zizindikiro ndi mayesero musanayese mayesero. Kumbukirani kuti sizichitika kaŵirikaŵiri ndipo, ngati zitero, zikhoza kulakwitsa chifukwa cha vuto lina. Ndibwino kuti muyesedwe kuti mutsimikizidwe kuti muli ndi matenda kapena muike maganizo anu mosavuta.
Chiwerewere, manyazi, ndi mantha a kuululidwa ndi zina mwazifukwa zomwe anthu ena amapewa kupewera matenda opatsirana pogonana. Ndipotu, malinga ndi lipoti lochokera ku CDC, matenda opatsirana pogonana omwe sapezeka omwe amapezeka amachititsa kuti amayi osapitirira 20,000 a ku America apite pachaka.
Pofika pamapeto pake, chiwerengero chowonjezereka cha ogwira ntchito zaumoyo a boma akuvomereza kugwiritsa ntchito kuyesa kwapakhomo pa nyumba, zomwe zimapatsa ogula ufulu ndi chinsinsi chomwe akufuna.
Malo okonda kwambiri ogulitsidwa a kunyumba a gonorrhea amafuna kuti muzisonkhanitsa swab ndi / kapena zamkodzo zitsanzo kunyumba ndi kuwatumizira ku labu kuti musanthule. Kenako mutsegule pa webusaiti yotetezeka kuti mupeze zotsatira zanu mu masiku atatu ogwira ntchito.
Ngakhale kudandaula kwa kuyesedwa kwapakhomo, pali zambiri zosokoneza. Kusonkhanitsa zitsanzo kumakhala kovuta kwambiri kuposa opanga malingaliro, ndipo vuto la ogwiritsira ntchito latha. Makampani ambiri samadziwika bwino pa mayesero omwe amapereka kapena kulondola kwawo (monga kuyerekezedwa ndi kuzindikira / zenizeni). Kuwonjezera apo, mtengo wa makinawo ukhoza kukhala woletsedwa, kuyambira pa $ 90 pa STD imodzi kapena kuposa $ 300 kuti muwonetsetse zithunzi za STD.
Chiyeso chimodzi kuti muteteze mwachangu ndi msampha woyesera msanga wa gonorrhea. Ngakhale kuti mkodzo - komanso mayesero owopsa amatha kupereka zotsatira mu mphindi khumi ndi zisanu, amachititsa chidwi cha 60 peresenti mpaka 70 peresenti-kutanthauza kuti mayesero awiri mwa asanu alionse adzabwezera zotsatira zabodza.
Ngati Muyesa Zosangalatsa
Ngati zotsatira zabwino zowonongeka zimalandira, kuyang'anitsitsa matenda opatsirana pogonana ayenera kuchitidwa, kuphatikizapo chlamydia, syphilis, trichomoniasis, ndi HIV. Kulimbana ndi kachilombo ka HIV kumakhala kofala pakati pa ma ARV, ndipo ena, monga kachirombo ka HIV, amatha kukhazikitsa kachilombo ngati wina alipo. Ngati munagwiritsa ntchito kuyesa kwanu, kufunafuna kufufuza kwina kwa dokotala kumalangizidwa.
Zimalimbikitsidwa kuti abwenzi amakono ndi omwe akugonana nawo atsopano afikiridwe ndikulimbikitsidwa kuti ayesedwe (ndikuchitidwa ngati akufunikira). Ngakhale kuti CDC ikupemphani kuti inu kapena wothandizira wanu muwadziwitse anthu onse ogonana nawo omwe munagonana nawo mkati mwa masiku 60 asanayambe zizindikiro kapena chitsimikiziro cha matenda anu, mungafune kupita patsogolo mmbuyo kuposa izo.
Mukamaliza kuchiza, sukulu yotsatila siyenela kuonetsetsa kuti kachilombo ka HIV kamatulutsidwa malinga ngati mankhwalawa akugwiritsidwa ntchito. Komabe, popatsidwa chiwerengero chokwanira, dokotala wanu angapemphe kuti mubwezeretsedwe mu miyezi itatu mosasamala kanthu kuti aphatikizidwa anu kapena ayi.
Zowonetsera Zojambula
Gonorrhea ndi yachiwiri ya matenda opatsirana pogonana ku United States, omwe amawerengera matenda opitirira 800,000 chaka chilichonse. Kuti izi zitheke, bungwe la US Preventive Services Task Force limalimbikitsa kuti kufufuza kwa matendawa ndi ena omwe ali ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana angapangidwe mwa anthu omwe ali ndi chiopsezo chowonjezereka chotheka komanso / kapena matenda.
Zina mwazovomerezeka:
- Gonorrhea ndi chlamydia ayenera kufufuzidwa kwa amayi onse ogonana omwe ali pangozi yowonjezera.
- Gonorrhea ndi chlamydia ayenera kufufuzidwa ndi amayi omwe ali ndi pakati omwe ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu.
- Chiwindi, hepatitis B, ndi HIV ziyenera kuyang'aniritsidwa ndi amayi onse oyembekezera.
- Chiwindi, chiwindi cha chiwindi B, ndi HIV ziyenera kuyang'anitsitsa amuna kapena akazi omwe ali pachiopsezo chachikulu.
- Kuyeza kachirombo ka HIV kuyenera kuchitidwa ngati gawo lachizolowezi cha dokotala kwa anthu onse a zaka zapakati pa 15 ndi 65.
Mukuonedwa kuti muli pangozi ngati munayamba mwagonana ndi anthu ambiri kapena mwakhala mukugonana mosatetezeka (kuphatikizapo kugonana pamlomo ). Ichi ndi chowonadi ngakhale kuti kuwonetsekera kotheka kukuchitika zaka zapitazo. Ngati muli ndi kachilombo ka HIV, mupitirizabe kutenga kachilomboka mpaka mutapatsidwa chithandizo ndipo mukuika chiopsezo chotenga kachilombo koyambitsa matendawa popanda chidziwitso. Kumbukiraninso kuti mbiri yokhudzana ndi kugonana ndi khalidwe lanu zingakhudze chiopsezo cha matenda opatsirana pogonana.
Onani dokotala wanu kuti awonetseredwe. Kapena, kuti mupeze malo oyesera pafupi ndi inu, pitani ku malo ochezera a CDC. Makilomita ambiri omwe atchulidwawa amapereka mayeso ogwira mtengo kapena opanda mtengo kwa anthu oyenerera.
Zotsatira:
> Zomwe Zingathetsere Kudwala ndi Kuteteza Matenda (CDC). 2015 Zokhudzana ndi Magonana Ogonana Zotsatira za Chithandizo: Matenda a Gonococcal. Atlanta, Georgia; inaperekedwa pa June 4, 2015; zasinthidwa pa January 4, 2018.
> CDC. Mndandanda wa CDC: Zolemba za STD ku United States, 2016 - Kulemetsa kwakukulu kwa matenda opatsirana pogonana omwe amaopseza mamiliyoni ambiri a ku America. Inatulutsidwa mu September 2017.
> CDC. Gonorrhea - CDC Fact Sheet (Zowonjezera Version). Inatulutsidwa pa October 25, 2016; zasinthidwa pa September 26, 2017.
> Lee, K .; Ngo-Metzger, Q .; Wolff, T. et al. Matenda opatsirana pogonana: Malangizo ochokera ku bungwe la US Preventive Services Task Force. Am Phys Physician. 2016; 94 (11): 907-915.
> Workowski, K .; Bolan, G ;; Maofesi a Kuletsa ndi Kuteteza Matenda. Malangizo othandizira matenda opatsirana pogonana, 2015. & MMWR Akupempha Rep . 2015; 2015; 64 (33): 924.