Zomwe Zingatheke Zingathe Kuonjezera Zovuta Ngakhale Ngakhale Atakathamanga
Mukayang'ana ziwerengero, ndibwino kuganiza kuti chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima kwa achinyamata ndi otsika. Ndipotu, pamayesero okwana 735,000 omwe amalembedwa ku US chaka chilichonse, pafupifupi 4 peresenti amapezeka pakati pa zaka zapakati pa 35 ndi 44.
Ngakhale izi zikhoza kusonyeza kuti mulibe nkhawa iliyonse mpaka mutakwanitsa zaka 50 kapena 60, ganiziraninso.
Ngakhale kuti chiopsezo chachikulu chikhoza kukhala chochepa, zinthu zingapo zomwe zimakhala zosaoneka zingathe kuwonetsa zovuta ngakhale mutakhala ndi thanzi langwiro.
Zoona Zokhudza Kukhudza Mtima
Matenda a mtima, omwe amadziwikanso kuti matenda a myocardial infarction , amapezeka pamene magazi amagawira gawo la mtima. Popanda kubwezeretsa mwamsanga kwa magazi, gawolo la minofu ya mtima lidzafa. Kupweteka kwa mtima nthawi zambiri kumakhala chifukwa cha matenda a mitsempha yamakono (CAD) yomwe mankhwala otchedwa waxy otchedwa plaque amatchulidwa pang'onopang'ono pamakoma a mitsempha.
Malinga ndi lipoti la Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, matenda a mtima ndiwo amachititsa anthu kufa pakati pa zaka zapakati pa 45 ndi 54 komanso omwe ali ndi zaka zopitirira 65. Zomwezo zimagwiranso ntchito kwa amayi oposa 65. Komanso, chimodzi mwa zinayi Imfa ku US ndiyo zotsatira za matenda a mtima. Mwa izi, nkhani za CAD pafupifupi 610,000 akufa chaka chilichonse.
Zizindikiro zoopsa za matenda a mtima zimaphatikizapo:
- Kuthamanga kwa magazi
- Cholesterol Chokwera
- Kusuta
- Matenda a shuga
- Zakudya zoperewera
- Kukhala olemera kwambiri kapena ochepa kwambiri
- Moyo wosagwira ntchito
- Kumwa kwambiri
Zinthu Zowopsa Mwa Achinyamata
Ngakhale zingakhale zomveka kuganiza kuti kuvutika kwa mtima kwa achinyamata ndi chifukwa chokhala ndi moyo wathanzi (kusuta, kunenepa kwambiri, kusachita masewera olimbitsa thupi), sizinali choncho nthawi zonse.
Kawirikawiri, matenda a mtima adzakantha anthu omwe ali ndi thanzi labwino ngati ali ndi chenjezo. Tawonanso ngakhale pakati pa othamanga okongola monga Jim Fixx yemwe adaphedwa ndi matenda a mtima pa 43 pamene akukwera ndege ya Michael-True Marathon yemwe anamwalira ali ndi zaka 58 pamene adangoyendayenda m'dzikoli.
Pazochitika zonsezi, amunawa analibe zifukwa zina zomwe zimayambitsa matenda. M'malo mwake, iwo anali ndi vuto lalikulu la mtima lomwe linawaika pa ngozi yaikulu.
Sizodziwikiratu kuti zimachitika ngati wina angaganize. Kafukufuku wina, akusonyeza kuti ambiri mwa othamanga masukulu asanu ndi asanu (500) ali ndi chikhalidwe cha mtima chomwe sichikhala chochepa koma chimawopsa ku matenda a mtima. Ena akhoza kukhala ndi zovuta kwambiri zomwe zingayambitse matenda a mtima m'zaka za m'ma 20 kapena 30.
Zina mwazimene zimayambitsa:
- Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy ndi mkhalidwe wobadwa nawo umene umadziwika ndi maselo a mtima osakanikirana. Kuwonjezeka kumeneku kumayambitsa makoma a ventricles, kutseka mwachangu magazi. Ndilo vuto lalikulu la matenda a mtima kwa othamanga achinyamata.
- Matenda a Kawasaki , matenda osabereka achibwana, amachititsa kuti mitsempha ya mitsempha ikhale yotentha kwambiri. Pamene zimakhudza mitsempha yamakono, imatha kuchepetsa mtima wa magazi olemera kwambiri ndipo imawombera mofulumira kwambiri mtima (tachycardia), kutupa mtima, ndi mtima wosalimba .
- Kupweteka kwa mtima kungapangitse chifukwa cha nthawi yaitali zotsatira za kupirira mopitirira malire. Pakapita nthawi, kupanikizika kwambiri kumakhudza ntchito ya mtima ndipo kumayambitsa chochitika cha mtima. Malipoti a autopsy a Mika Zoona adavumbulutsa izi kuti ndiye chifukwa chake cha imfa.
Kupewa Kuteteza Mtima kwa Achinyamata
Kupewa matenda a mtima kwa achinyamata ndi ofanana ndi achikulire: zakudya zabwino, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kuchepetsa thupi, kufufuza nthawi zonse, ndi kusuta fodya.
Pambuyo pake, akuluakulu a zaumoyo ambiri akuyesa kufufuza mtima kwa ochita masewera a sekondale monga momwe aphunzitsi ambiri a NCAA akufunira.
Izi ziphatikizapo kubwereza zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha masewera a mtima, kuthamanga kwa magazi, zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi mtima, mbiri ya banja, ndi mayesero ena.
Kuwunika kumatanthawuza kufalitsa anthu omwe akufunikira kutumizidwa kwa katswiri wa zamoyo kuti apitirize kuyesedwa, kuphatikizapo electrocardiogram (ECG) kapena ultrasound ya mtima .
> Zotsatira:
> Zomwe Zingathetsere Kudwala ndi Kuteteza Matenda (CDC). "Zizindikiro za Matenda a Mtima." Atlanta, Georgia; zasinthidwa pa August 24, 2017.
> Maron, B ;; Friedman, A., Kligfield, P. et al. "Kuyezetsa kwa ECG 12-Kutsogolera ngati Kuyesedwa kwa Kuzindikira kwa Matenda a Mtima M'magulu Amtundu Wathanzi Ambiri (zaka 12-25)." Kudutsa. 2014; 130 (15): 1303-34. DOI: 10.1161 / CIR: 000000000000025.