Myocarditis ndi kutupa kwa minofu ya mtima, ndipo ndi chimodzi mwa ziwalo za mtima zomwe zikugwirizana ndi imfa yadzidzidzi m'mathamanga achinyamata . Izi zikachitika, myocarditis nthawi zambiri imakhalabe ndi zizindikiro posachedwa, ndipo wothamanga wamng'ono angamve bwino kuti apikisane, osadziŵa vutoli. Komabe, atalandira matendawa, amachita masewero olimbitsa thupi. Kodi wachinyamata amene ali ndi myocarditis amachepetsa bwanji kuchita masewero olimbitsa thupi, kodi masewera olimbitsa thupi angakhale otheka bwanji m'tsogolomu, ndipo ndi zochitika ziti zomwe zingakhale zosayenera?
Musanafotokoze mwatsatanetsatane za myocarditis ndi zolimbikitsana, ndikofunikira kulankhula za athandi achinyamata omwe ali ndi myocarditis yofatsa, ndipo motero, sangadziwe za malire awo. Mu njira zina, kukhala ndi myocarditis kungakhale koopsa kwambiri kuposa kukhala ndi matenda aakulu. Kumayambiriro kwa myocarditis, anthu angakhale ndi zizindikiro zochepa ngati zilipo. Izi zikutanthauza kuti wothamanga wamng'ono yemwe ali ndi myocarditis nthawi zambiri amamva bwino kuti apikisane, ndipo sangadziwe konse za ngozi. Ngakhale ali ndi myocarditis wofatsa kwambiri, othamanga achinyamata ayenera kulepheretsa kwambiri maseŵera awo mpaka atapatsidwa "zonse zomveka" ndi katswiri wawo wa zamoyo.
Myocarditis mwachidule
Myocarditis ndi matenda opweteka okhudza minofu ya mtima. Myocarditis ikhoza kuyambitsa matenda ambiri (monga Coxsackie virus, toxoplasmosis, ndi matenda a Lyme ), matenda osiyanasiyana omwe amachititsa kuti thupi likhale lopweteka (monga lupus ), komanso momwe amachitira poizoni ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo (monga cocaine).
Mu zochitika zochepa chabe palibe chifukwa chenichenicho chomwe chingapezeke, ndiye kuti myocarditis imatchedwa "idiopathic."
Zizindikiro za myocarditis zimasiyana kwambiri ndi odwala omwe ali ndi myocarditis, malingana ndi kukula kwa kutupa pamtima ndi kuchuluka kwa minofu ya mtima yoonongeka ndi kutupa.
Pamene myocarditis ndi yaikulu ndipo imakhudza gawo lalikulu la minofu ya mtima, ikhoza kutulutsa mtima wambiri komanso mtima wosalimba . Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi zizindikiro zomwe zimaphatikizapo dyspnea (kupuma pang'ono), kutopa, kufooka, ndi edema (kutupa).
Komabe, myocarditis ingakhudze mbali zochepa chabe za minofu ya mtima, ndi zizindikiro zochepa chabe monga kufooketsa kapena zosavuta. Nthawi zina, chizindikiro chokhacho ndi kupweteka pachifuwa chomwe chimapezeka pokhapokha pazochita zolimbitsa thupi. Nthawi zina myocarditis, palibe zizindikiro konse.
Myocarditis ikhoza kuchitika ngati matenda oopsa kwambiri, kapena angapangitse matenda aakulu, opweteka.
Kuzindikira Myocarditis
Pali mayesero ambiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti apeze myocarditis, kuphatikizapo electrocardiogram (ECG). Apanso, nkofunika kuzindikira kuti anthu ambiri omwe amafa imfa mwadzidzidzi chifukwa cha myocarditis amakhala ndi zizindikiro zochepa chabe, choncho sakhala ndi mayesero omwe angawulule matendawa.
Chidziwitso chapadera kwa Achinyamata Achichepere Amene Ali ndi Myocarditis Wofatsa
Monga tafotokozera kumayambiriro, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi achinyamata omwe ali ndi myocarditis wofatsa kungakhale koopsa. Awa ndiwo anthu amene amatha kufa mwadzidzidzi panthawi ya masewera.
Kwa anthu ochuluka kwambiri, sipanakhale chifukwa choyesa mayeso a mtima omwe angapereke chinsinsi chomwe kutupa mtima kunalipo.
Ngati muli ndi mwana yemwe ali ndi myocarditis yofatsa, nkofunika kutsimikiza kuti mwana wanu akudziŵa bwino zochitika zomwe mukuchita monga momwe mulili. Myocarditis nthawi zambiri imafika panthawi imodzimodziyo ya moyo pamene achinyamata akuyesera kukhala odziimira okha ndi kupanga zosankha zawo. Kuphatikiza pa chiopsezo cha imfa, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kungapangitse mwana kukhala pangozi ya kuwonongeka kwa mtima ndi kulemala, ndipo ndizofunikira kuti atsikana achinyamatawa amvetse izi.
Ngati atulukira kuti myocarditis ndi wothamanga wachinyamata, nthawi zambiri amalimbikitsidwa kuti asapeze masewera olimbirana kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, koma apitirizebe mpikisano ngati mayesero a mtima akuwonetsa bwino.
Kuthamanga Kwambiri Kutangotha Kutulukira Matenda a Myocarditis
Pamene myocarditis imapezeka koyamba, nthawi zambiri maseŵera olimbitsa thupi amatha kuchepetsedwa kwathunthu mpaka kumvetsetsa kwathunthu za chikhalidwechi. Kawirikawiri, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi (kwa digiri iliyonse) sikovomerezedwa mpaka ntchito ya kumapeto kwa ventricle ya mtima (chipinda chachikulu cha mtima chomwe chimapumpha magazi kwa thupi lonse) chimabwerera kuchizolowezi, ndipo palibe ziwalo za mtima zosadziwika. Ngakhale ngati palibe arrhythmias, ndipo ntchito ya ventricular ndi yachibadwa, kuchita masewero olimbitsa thupi sayenera kubwezeretsedwanso ngati pali zizindikiro za kutupa kosalekeza mumtima.
Koma zina zambiri ziyenera kuganiziridwa, kuphatikizapo zomwe zingayambitse myocarditis, ndipo ngati zili zochepa (ngati matenda) kapena ndondomeko yowonjezera. Zina zimayambitsa chiopsezo cha imfa mwadzidzidzi kwambiri kuposa ena. Mwachitsanzo, anapeza kuti kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kunapangitsa kuti anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a Coxsackie aphedwe ndi matendawa.
Kufuna Kuchita Zovuta ndi Myocarditis
Monga momwe thupi la munthu likulimbitsira, ndipo kuchita masewero olimbitsa thupi kumawoneka kukhala otetezeka, kungakhale kopindulitsa. Izi zikuti, zochitika zilizonse ziyenera kuyambitsidwa pokhapokha mutsogoleredwa bwino ndi katswiri wanu wamaphunziro. Kwa anthu ambiri, kukonzanso mtima kungapangidwe kuti zitsimikizire kuti izi zikuchitika mwadongosolo.
Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumadziwika kukhala ndi zotsatira zotsutsa-kutupa komanso zotsatira pa chitetezo cha mthupi chomwe chimathandiza kumenyana ndi mavairasi (chifukwa cha pafupi 50 peresenti ya myocarditis).
Munthu akachotsedwa kuti ayambe kuchita masewero olimbitsa thupi, nthawi zambiri amachita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumakhala kokwanira kuona ubwino wokhudzana ndi kutupa, pamene kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi sikungokhala kowopsa, koma kungapangitse kuwonongeka mtima kwa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Kulimbitsa Thupi ndi Myocarditis
Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kuyenera kupeŵedwa kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi (Malingaliro a ku Ulaya, mayankho a ku America ali miyezi 3 mpaka 6), ndiyeno amangobwereranso motsogoleredwa ndi katswiri wa zamoyo.
Asanabwerere kuntchito, othamanga ayenera kufufuzidwa bwinobwino ndi ECG, ECG yachisokonezo, kuwunika kwa Holter, ndi echocardiogram. Akatswiri ena a mtima angalimbikitse mtima wa MRI, ngakhale sitikudziŵa za phindu panthawi ino. Othandiza omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima wawo akhoza kukhala pa chiopsezo chachikulu cha nyimbo zachilendo ndi imfa yadzidzidzi, ndipo kubwerera kumsinthasintha sikungakhale kovomerezeka.
Malingaliro Okhalitsa Kwambiri Kuchita Zochita ndi Myocarditis
Malingaliro a nthawi yaitali pochita zovomerezeka ndi myocarditis adzadalira chifukwa, komanso chiwonongeko chokhazikika cha mtima chomwe chinalimbikitsidwa ndi kutupa. Zizindikiro zambiri za myocarditis ndizochepa, koma zimatha kuwonongeka kosatha zomwe zingalepheretse kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi m'tsogolomu.
Zochita Zabwino ndi Zoipa Ndi Myocarditis
Machitidwe abwino kwambiri kwa omwe akuchira kuchokera ku myocarditis adadalira pazifukwa zingapo, kuphatikizapo kuwonongeka kwa mtima kwa mtima kapena kupweteka. Pulogalamu yochita masewero olimbitsa thupi iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala ndi katswiri wanu wa mtima, ndipo kuyamba ndi kukonzanso mtima ndi njira yowunika ntchitoyo moyenera mwamsanga pamene ntchito yayamba.
Pansi pa Kuchita Zochita ndi Myocarditis
Myocarditis kawirikawiri imayambitsidwa ndi matenda a tizilombo omwe angakhudze achinyamata othamanga. Mwamwayi, omwe ali pachiopsezo cha imfa yadzidzidzi kawirikawiri ndi omwe ali ndi matenda ochepa kwambiri, chifukwa zizindikiro zawo sizinawadziwitse vutoli.
Kamodzi atapezeka, zochitika zolimbitsa thupi zimangokhala miyezi yambiri. Asanabwererenso kuntchito, katswiri wa zamoyo adzafuna kuona kuti minofu ya mtima imagwira ntchito, makamaka yosiya ventricular ntchito, yabwezeretsedwanso, ndikuti palibe nyimbo zachilendo zomwe zilipo. Ndikofunika kuonetsetsa kuti kutupa kwa myocarditis kwatsimikiza, ngakhale kuti palibe njira zophweka zodziwira izi. Kuyeza kwa mtima kuphatikizapo ECG, ECG stress test, echocardiogram, Kufufuza Holter, ndi mayesero ena akhoza akulimbikitsidwa.
Kufulumira kwa masewera olimbitsa thupi kunayamba kale, ndipo machitidwe ena omwe adalangizidwa, adzalingalira pazochitika zanu, ndipo ziyenera kukambidwa bwino ndi katswiri wanu wamaphunziro. Izi ziyenera kutsatiridwa ndi zizindikiro zilizonse zomwe angapereke, komanso zowonetsera zizindikiro zake kuti muwone ngati ntchitoyo ndi yochuluka kwambiri.
> Zotsatira:
> American College of Cardiology. Myocarditis mu Athiteteti. 01/31/18. http://www.acc.org/latest-in-cardiology/articles/2018/01/18/15/00/myocarditis-in-thelete
> Cooper, L. Kuchiza ndi Matenda a Myocarditis mwa Achikulire. Kupititsa patsogolo . Kusinthidwa 08/28/17.