Mgwirizano wa sacroiliac , womwe umatchedwa "SI" ndi malo omwe ali pakati pa sacrum bone ndi nsana. Mutha kuganiza kuti SI imagwirizanitsa ngati malo omwe msana umagwirizanitsa ndi pakhosi pamtunda.
Muli ndi ziwalo ziwiri za SI-mbali imodzi ya sacrum.
Mitsinje ya SI Yogwirizana
Monga ziwalo zambiri za thupi , sacroiliac ili ndi mafupa awiri, ndiwo sacrum ndi Ilium.
Pambuyo pake, amadziwika ngati diarthrodial joint (zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ndi mtundu wothandizira mwaulere) womwe uli ndi sacrum ndi mafupa awiri m'chiuno. Mafupa awiri a mchiuno (Ilium, monga tatchulidwa pamwambapa) amatchedwa opominates a pelvis.
Kumbuyo kwa mgwirizanowu wa SI sikuli ngati kusuntha monga kutsogolo.
Sakram ndi fupa lopangidwa ndi katatu kamene lili pamunsi pa mphuno . Lumbar vertebra yomaliza (ndi kulemera kwake kwa mzere wonse wa msana kwa chinthu chomwecho) akukhala pamwamba pa sacrum (yomwe ndi malo otchedwa sacral base).
Kumbali zonse, ilium imapereka chithandizo chothandizira kwa sacrum.
Chovala cha sacram chili pakati pa awiriaa (kapena innominates) pochita malire. Pamwamba pa sacrum ndilopansi kuposa pansi, zomwe zimathandiza kuti mphuno ikhale pakati pa mafupa pamtunda umenewo. Mafupa amapitirizidwanso m'malo ndi mitsempha. Kuphatikizana ndi kuyenerera kwa mgwirizanowu, mitsemphayi imathandiza sacrum kumathandiza kulemera kwa msana ndi mutu.
Pali mitsempha yambiri kumbuyo kwa mgwirizano wa sacroiliac kuposa kutsogolo. Kumbuyo, mitsempha ndi:
- Sacroiliac ligament yomwe ili pakati pa ilium ndi sacrum. Zimathandizira kukhala ndi mgwirizano wothandizira ndipo ulipo pomwe kulemera kwa msana kuchoka kumsana mpaka kumapeto (kumapeto kwake) kumapezeka.
- Chotsatira chotsutsana ndi kupitiriza kwa interossus sacroiliac ligament. Zimapereka chithandizo ku njira yophatikizapo pamapangidwe a mafupa a mgwirizano pobweretsa iliamu pafupi ndi sacrum; motere, zimathandiza sacrum kutenga kulemera kwa msana kuchokera pamwamba.
- Lembali likuthandizira kupititsa kulemera kwa ntchito komanso kuthandizira kwazomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazitsulo zamagulu ndi zina zomwe zimatchulidwa pamwambapa.
- Mtundu wa sacrotuberous ligament ndi mitsempha yochokera sacrum kupita ku mafupa omwe amakhala (ischial tuberosities).
- Mitundu ya sacrospinous ligament yochepa yomwe imachokera ku sacrum kupita ku mafupa okhaokha, koma sichimawoneka ngati sacrotuberous ligament.
Zomwe sacrotuberous ndi sacrospinous ligaments zimachepetsa kayendedwe kayendetsedwe ka sacrum. Phala la Sacral limatchedwanso nutation ndipo likufotokozedwa pansipa.
Kutsogolo, mitsempha yoyamba imangokhala kufalikira kwa kapsule yozungulira SI. Mitsempha ya anterior ndi yaing'ono, makamaka poyerekeza ndi ligaments kumbuyo .
Zizindikiro Zogwirizana ndi SI
Kwa munthu wamkulu, mawonekedwe a mgwirizano wa sacroiliac ndi oblong, koma amasinthidwa ndi chidziwitso chomwe chiri concave kumbuyo ndi kutsogolo kutsogolo.
Zowonjezerapo, mgwirizanowo umapangidwa ngati khutu kapena nyemba za impso.
Mgwirizano wa SI umakhala wokondweretsa chifukwa umakhala ngati mtundu umodzi wa mgwirizano kutsogolo ndi wina kumbuyo.
Kutsogolo, ndi mgwirizano wa synovial (wotchulidwa pamwamba ngati diarthrodial). Mgwirizano woterewu umakhala ndi kayendetsedwe kambiri, ngakhale kuti sichipezeka ngati SI. (Paphewa lanu ndi mchiuno ndi ziwalo zogwirizana-ganizirani za kusuntha kwakukulu komwe angapange.)
Kumbuyo, mgwirizanowu wa SI umakhala ngati syndesmosis. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mafupa awiri (sacrum ndi ilium) amagwiritsidwa pamodzi ndi mitsempha. Tinakambirana za zomwe zili pamwambapa.
Mabala a sacrum ndi iliamu-kumene msonkhano wa pakati pa awiriwa umapezeka-uli ndi khungu (sacrum ili ndi mitundu yosiyana ya cartilage kuposa ya Ilium), komanso mabomba ambiri omwe amafanana ndi mapiri ndi zigwa . (Awa ali kutsogolo kokha.)
Mphepete mwa fupa lililonse lomwe limakhala ndi mgwirizano wa SI kuphatikiza wina ndi mnzake; Amagwirizana kuti apange kutsogolo kwa mgwirizano. Kukhulupirika kwa mgwirizano wa SI kumangogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi njirayi yothandizana ndi mitsempha.
Malinga ndi minofu, mbali zina za gluteus maximus ndi minofu ya piriformis imadutsa SI.
Kodi SI Yogwirizana Bwanji?
Mgwirizano wa SI umakhala wolemera msana. Ndili ndi udindo wopititsa kulemera kwake pakati pa mchiuno ndi phazi pokhapokha, yomwe imadziwika ngati kumapeto kwenikweni. Amatulutsanso mphamvu zowonongeka (zozungulira) kuchokera kumapeto kwenikweni komwe zimapita mpaka msana.
Mwachitsanzo, poyenda, mutangotenga phazi patsogolo, mwendo wanu wakumbuyo umachokera kumbuyo kwanu ndipo mukukankhira chala chachikulu. (Izi zimatchedwa "kuchoka" gawo la ndalama.) Pa nthawiyi, pali malo ochepa pakati pa mafupa awiri a SI. Izi zimatchedwa "joint congruency" kapena "pack pack" ya mgwirizano. Malo otsekemera otetezedwa a SI amathandiza kutulutsa mphamvu zochokera kula zala zazikulu pamene akutumizira kumapeto kwake, ndikudutsa sacrum ndi msana.
Mgwirizano wa SI umaperekanso kulemera kwake kwa msana pamapfupa omwe akhala pansi (omwe amatchedwa ischial tuberosities), panthawi yokhala pansi.
Miyendo ya SI Yoint.
Monga tafotokozera pamwambapa, ngakhale kuti mbali ya kutsogolo kwa SI ikulumikizidwa monga mgwirizano wa synovial, ili ndi kayendedwe kakang'ono kokha komwe kamapezeka. Izi si zachilendo kwa mgwirizano wa synovial. Chifukwa chimodzi cha kuchepa kwa kayendetsedwe kake ndi mgwirizano waukulu wolemera ndi kutumiza udindo, womwe umafuna kukhazikika ndi kugwirizana pakati pa sacrum ndi Iliamu.
Zomwe polojekiti ya sacroiliac ikuphatikizapo:
- Mafupa onse a m'chiuno amapitirira patsogolo pamene sacrum imakhala, yomwe imatchedwa kuti mkati mwachisawawa.
- Mafupa onse a mchiuno amatembenukira chammbuyo pamene sacrum imayika, yotchedwa kutsika kosadziwika
- Mfupa imodzi imakhala patsogolo, ina imabwerera kumbuyo ndipo sacrum imayika. Izi zimachitika mukamayenda ndipo mumatchedwa kuti antagonistic innominate.
- Sakram isintha, yomwe imatchedwa nutation.
- Sakram ikuwonjezereka, yotchedwa counternutation.
Kenaka kayendetsedwe ka mgwirizano wa SI ndi kakang'ono; Komanso, pamene sacrum imayenda, mafupa a m'chiuno amatha kuyenda limodzi.
> Zotsatira:
> Kapandji, IA, "The Physiology of the Joints". Chigawo Chachisanu. Churchill Livingstone. Magazini ya Chingelezi 1987. New York.
> Moore, K., Dalley, A. Kachilombo ka Anatomy Yoyambitsa. Chachisanu. Kusindikiza. Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins. 2006. Baltimore.
> Phukusi-Goudzwaard A, Hoek van Dijke G, Mulder P, Spoor C, Snijders C, Stoeckart R .. Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito: Mmene zimakhudzira kukhazikika kwa sacroiliac. Clin Biomech Feb. 2003 Feb.