Kuthamangitsidwa kwa Zakudya Zamakakale
Mkaka wa mankhwala ndi zakudya zomwe zimawoneka bwino kwambiri kwa ana, ndipo ndizochiwiri zowonjezera chakudya cha anthu akuluakulu. Kuchuluka kwa mkaka zovuta, zofanana ndi zakudya zina zakudya, zimawoneka zikuwonjezeka , ndipo zimakhudza ana osachepera 3%. Ngakhale kuti si zachilendo kuti ana apitirize mkaka wawo, nthawi zina ali ndi zaka zochepa kwambiri, mkaka wa mkaka ungapitirize kukhala wachikulire ndipo umatha kukhala ndi moyo wonse.
Zimayambitsa
Mkaka wa khola uli ndi zotsekula zambiri, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimagwera mu casin ndi whey zigawo. Mavitaminiwa amakhala ndi alpha ndi beta-lactoglobulins, komanso immunoglobulin. Ziwalo za casein zikuphatikizapo zigawo za alpha ndi beta-casein. Zizindikiro za mankhwala a lactoglobulin zimakhala zosavuta mosavuta ndi ana, pamene ziwombankhanga zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ku casein zimakhala zikupitirirabe kuunyamata kapena akuluakulu.
Kwa ana ndi akulu omwe amadwala matenda opatsirana, thupi limatulutsa mankhwala omwe amatsutsana ndi mavitamini osiyanasiyana. Ma antibodies amenewa amamangidwa ndi maselo osokonezeka m'thupi, otchedwa mast call ndi basophils . Pamene mkaka kapena mkaka udyedwa, mankhwalawa amamatira mapuloteni a mkaka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti maselo osokonezeka atulutse histamine ndi mankhwala enaake. Mankhwalawa amachititsa kuti zizindikiro zowopsa zichitike.
Zizindikiro
Zizindikiro za mkaka zilonda zimasiyana mosiyana ndi munthu. Kawirikawiri, mkaka wodwala nthawi zambiri umayambitsa zizindikiro za khungu monga urticaria (ming'oma), angioedema (kutupa) , pruritus (kuyabwa) , atopic dermatitis (eczema) kapena ziphuphu zina. Zizindikiro zina zingaphatikizepo kupuma ( zizindikiro za mphumu, zizindikiro zamkati za m'mimba), tsamba la m'mimba (kunyoza, kusanza, kutsekula m'mimba), komanso anaphylaxis .
Zizindikiro zamakono za mkaka zowonongeka zimayamba chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa wodwalayo, ndipo amatchulidwa kuti "IgE mediated".
Mkaka wosagwidwa ndi mankhwala osagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo, omwe amatchedwa "osagwiritsidwa ntchito," ungathe kuchitanso. Izi zimayambitsidwa ndi chitetezo cha mthupi, mosiyana ndi zomwe sizimayambitsa matenda a chitetezo cha mthupi, monga lactose kusalana . Mitundu iyi yosavomerezeka ya mkaka, yomwe imaphatikizidwa ndi mkaka, imaphatikizapo matenda a enterocolitis (FPIES) omwe amachititsa zakudya, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti puloteni zisawonongeke, zomwe zimatha kukhala mgwirizano wa EEE komanso matenda a Heiner .
Kudziwa
Zomwe zimachitidwa mkaka mkaka nthawi zambiri zimapezeka kuti zili ndi mayeso opatsirana, zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a khungu kapena mwachiwonetsero cha IgE motsutsana ndi mapuloteni a mkaka m'magazi. Kuyezetsa khungu ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yodziwira zolimbitsa mkaka, ngakhale kuyesedwa kwa magazi kumathandiza pakudziŵa kuti ndi liti ndipo ngati munthu atha kuyambitsa mkaka zowopsa.
Kuyeza kwa mkaka wosagwirizana ndi mkaka ndizovuta kuzipanga, ndipo kuyesa kusakwanira sikuthandiza. Kawirikawiri, matendawa amapangidwa chifukwa cha zizindikiro komanso kusowa kwa mankhwala omwe amapezeka. Nthawi zina, kuyesera kwa patch kungakhale kothandiza pozindikira matenda a Edzi ndi EOE, ndipo kuyezetsa magazi kwa majeremusi a IgG kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti adziwe matenda a Heiner.
Chithandizo
Chithandizo chokhacho chovomerezeka cha mkaka pakali pano ndi kupeŵa mkaka ndi mkaka. Mankhwala ovomerezeka (OIT) okhwima mkaka amayamba kuphunzira pa mayunivesite azachipatala padziko lonse lapansi, ndi zotsatira zowonjezereka. OIT imaphatikizapo kupereka mavitamini ochepa kwambiri a mkaka kwa anthu omwe ali ndi mkaka wodwala, ndipo pang'onopang'ono akuwonjezereka ndalamazo pakapita nthawi. Izi nthawi zambiri zimachititsa kuti munthu athe kupirira mapuloteni ochuluka kwambiri pa nthawi. Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti ma OIT oyambitsa mkaka angakhale owopsa kwambiri, amangochita ku yunivesite yoyang'aniridwa ndi mankhwala.
OIT ya mkaka zowonongeka ndi zaka zambiri zomwe sizikuchitidwa ndi wodwalayo.
Phunzirani momwe mungatsatire zakudya zopanda mkaka .
Kodi Amayi Ambiri Amakhala Ochepa Bwanji?
Ana ambiri potsirizira pake amayamba kumwa mkaka, makamaka omwe ali ndi vuto losavomerezeka. Kwa omwe ali ndi mkaka wosakanikirana wa mkaka, sizingatheke mwamsanga monga momwe munaganizira poyamba. Maphunziro achikulire adanena kuti 80 peresenti ya ana amatsuka mkaka ndi zaka zisanu; Kafukufuku waposachedwapa omwe anachitidwa pa ana ambiri akusonyeza kuti pafupifupi 80 peresenti ya ana amachititsa mkaka kupatsirana - koma mpaka tsiku lawo lachisanu ndi chimodzi.
Kuyeza kuchuluka kwa wodwala wodwalayo ku mkaka kungathandize kuti munthu adziwe kuti akhoza kutenga mkaka. Ngati wodwalayo wodwala mkaka ali pansi pa mlingo winawake, wovomerezeka angayamikire kukonza mkaka wothandizira mkaka atayang'aniridwa ndi zachipatala. Imeneyi ndi njira yokhayo yotetezera kuona ngati munthu wayamba kutsutsana ndi mkaka wawo.
Phunzirani zambiri zowonjezera chifuwa cha zakudya.
Zotsatira:
Fiocchi A, Schunemann HJ, Brozek J, et al. Kusanthula ndi kulingalira pachitetezo chotsutsa mkaka wa mkaka (DRACMA): A Summary Report. J Zachilombo Zamtundu wa Immunol. 2010; 126: 1119-28.
Skripak JM, Matsui EC, Mudd K, Wood RA. Mbiri ya Natural of IgE-Mediated Cow Milergy. 2007; 120: 1172-7.