Kuti ndipeze mayankho a mafunso 10 omwe amafunsidwa kawirikawiri ponena za khansa ya m'mawere, ndinamufunsa Dr. William Gradishar, yemwe ndi katswiri wa zachipatala ku Feinberg School Medicine ku University of Northwestern University ku Chicago. Amayankhula za nkhawa zomwe zingayambitse khansara ya m'mawere ndipo amapereka zambiri zokhudza mankhwala.
Q: Kodi kugwiritsa ntchito mapiritsi oletsa kubereka kumachititsa khansa ya m'mawere?
A: Zikuwoneka kuti palibe kuwonjezeka kwakukulu pakati pa kugwiritsa ntchito mapiritsi oletsa kubereka komanso kuwonjezera chiopsezo cha khansa ya m'mawere. Ngakhale mapiritsi oletsa kubala ali ndi mahomoni ena, ndalamazo ndizochepa. Monga mkazi aliyense ndi vuto la khansa ya m'mawere ndi yosiyana, amayi ayenera kukambirana ndi madokotala awo za zifukwa zomwe zimayambitsa khansa ya m'mawere .
Q: Kodi kudya zakudya zina kumayambitsa khansa ya m'mawere?
A: Maphunziro angapo akuluakulu akuyang'ana kulumikizana pakati pa zakudya ndi khansa ya m'mawere . Pakadali pano, kugwirizana pakati pa zakudya ndi khansa ya m'mawere sikudziwika. Kafukufuku wochepa apeza kuti pali kugwirizana pakati pa khansa ndi khansa ya m'mawere, koma kufufuza kwina kuyenera kukwaniritsidwa. Monga mwachidule, njira yabwino ndiyo kudya zakudya zowonongeka zopangidwa ndi mapuloteni, zipatso zonse ndi zipatso zamasamba. Chofunika kwambiri, chonde lankhulani ndi dokotala musanayambe kudya zakudya kapena zakudya zowonjezera.
Q: Kodi onse opatsirana pogonana amachititsa khansa ya m'mawere?
A: Otsutsa anthu samawoneka ngati omwe amachititsa khansa ya m'mawere. Ziphuphu zamakono zafalitsa kuti thupi liyenera kuchotsa poizoni ndi kutukumula kupyolera m'mimba ndipo ngati mankhwala osagwiritsiridwa ntchito akugwiritsidwa ntchito, thupi lidzasungira poizoni m'magazi pansi pa mkono, kuchititsa khansa ya m'mawere. Zotsutsa izi si zoona; Thupi silimasula poizoni kudzera mu thukuta lasuzi. Chikopa chomwe chimapezeka m'dera losatetezeka ndi 99.9% madzi, sodium, potaziyamu ndi magnesium.
Q: Kodi chovulaza pa bere changa chingakhale khansara ya m'mawere?
A: Kuvulala kwa bere sikuchititsa khansa ya m'mawere. Nthawi zina, mawere amatha kuvulazidwa pambuyo povulazidwa ndipo, nthawi zambiri, amakhala ndi mtanda wopanda khansa wotchedwa fat necrosis . Mafuta a necrosis si owopsa, ndipo zizindikiro zimatha kuchepa mkati mwa mwezi. Ngati muli ndi nthenda m'mimba mwanu ndipo mukudandaula kuti ikhoza kukhala khansa ya m'mawere, funsani dokotala mwamsanga.
Q: Kodi kuvala underwire bras kumayambitsa khansa ya m'mawere?
A: Kuvala brasi ya underwire sikudzachititsa khansa ya m'mawere. Buku lodziwika bwino lofalitsidwa mu 1995 linapereka kuti kugonjetsa bras kumayambitsa thupi la mthupi la thupi, lomwe limayambitsa khansa ya m'mawere. Izi zimakhala zolakwika. Palibe kafukufuku amene apeza mgwirizano pakati pa zovala zoyera ndi khansa ya m'mawere.
Q: Kodi majeremusi amachititsa khansa ya m'mawere?
Yankho: Ayi, mafinya samayambitsa khansara ya m'mawere. Ndipotu, American Cancer Society imalimbikitsa kuti amayi oposa 40 kapena 44 ali ndi zaka zambiri mpaka zaka 55, kenaka zaka ziwiri zilizonse.
Mammograms amagwiritsa ntchito mafunde ochepa omwe amatsimikiza kukhala otetezeka ndi American College of Radiology. Mammograms ndi chida chabwino kwambiri chowunikira khansa ya m'mawere kumayambiriro, ndipo kuyang'ana koyambirira ndikofunikira kuti kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha amayi omwe amakula msinkhu wa IV, wotchedwanso khansa ya m'mawere . Monga mkazi aliyense ndi vuto la khansa ya m'mawere ndi yosiyana, amayi ayenera kukambirana ndi madokotala awo za zifukwa zomwe zimayambitsa khansa ya m'mawere. Nthawi zina, amayi omwe ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha khansa ya m'mawere ayenera kukhala ndi mamemogram asanakwanitse zaka 40.
Q: Ngati ndili ndi mawere a fibrocystic, kodi ndili pachiopsezo chachikulu cha khansa ya m'mawere?
A: Pafupifupi 50 peresenti ya amayi adzakhudzidwa ndi chifuwa cha fibrocystic nthawi ina m'miyoyo yawo. Matenda a Fibrocystic ndi ofala komanso osakhala ndi khansa. Mafupa a Fibrocystic sali chiopsezo cha khansa ya m'mawere. Iwo amadziwitsa ndi zithunzi zofanana ndi zovuta zovuta, koma sizingatheke.
Q: Kodi opaleshoni yakuchotsa bere ikhoza kufalitsa khansa?
A: Pamene khansa ya m'mawere imatha kufalikira, akuti imatha kuchepetsedwa. Palibe amene amadziwa chomwe chimachititsa khansa ya m'mawere kuti iwonongeke, koma palibe kugwirizana pakati pa kuchotsedwa kwa bere ndi kufalikira kwa khansa ya m'mawere.
Kansera yamatenda a m'matumbo ndi njira yabwino kwambiri ya khansa ya m'mawere. Pali njira zosiyanasiyana zamankhwala zomwe zilipo masiku ano kwa amayi omwe ali ndi matendawa - kuphatikizapo chemotherapy, mankhwala a endocrine ndi mankhwala opatsirana - omwe akupitiriza kugwira ntchito yochizira khansa ya m'mawere. Ndikofunika kuti amayi omwe ali ndi matendawa alankhule ndi madokotala awo zomwe angasankhe.
Q: Kodi khansara ya m'mawere imakhudza amayi okhaokha omwe amatha kumwalira?
A: Ayi, amayi a misinkhu yonse akhoza kuyamba khansa ya m'mawere. Mayi amene ali ndi chiopsezo cha khansa ya m'mawere amakula pamene ali ndi zaka zambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti amayi onse a zaka 40 kapena kuposerapo azikhala ndi mamimba. American Cancer Society imanena kuti mawere odziyesa okha ndi omwe angapange mwayi kwa amayi oposa 20, koma amalimbikitsa amayi kuti azidziwa momwe mawere awo amawonekera komanso akumverera. Akazi ayenera kulengeza kuti chifuwa chilichonse chatsopano chimasintha kwa dokotala wawo atangopeza. Kuzindikira koyambirira n'kofunika kwambiri pakuwonjezeka kupulumuka ndikuchepetsa mwayi wa kusokonezeka kwa khansa.
Q: Kodi ndingapeze khansa ya m'mawere ngati siithamanga m'banja langa?
A: Mbiri ya banja ya khansa ya m'mawere imabweretsa ngozi; Komabe, amayi oposa 80% omwe amapezeka kuti ali ndi khansara ya m'mawere alibe zifukwa zobweretsera khansa ya m'mawere, monga mbiri ya banja.
William Gradishar, MD
William Gradishar, MD ndi pulofesa wamankhwala mugawenga wa hematology ndi zachipatala pachipatala ku Feinberg School of Medicine ku Northwestern University ku Chicago. Iye ali membala wa Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center ya Northwestern University ndipo wapereka ntchito ya moyo wake kuti apeze mankhwala atsopano ndi abwino kwa khansa ya m'mawere. Iye wagwira ntchito ndi mabungwe a boma ndi ulaliki kuti abweretse khansa ya m'mawere kutsogolo kuti amayi ndi mabanja omwe akukumana ndi matendawa athe kupeza chithandizo chomwe akusowa lero ndikuyembekeza lonjezo la tsogolo.
Zotsatira:
American Cancer Society. Maphunziro a American Cancer Society oyambitsa khansa yoyamwitsa oyambirira mwa amayi omwe alibe chifuwa cha m'mawere. Kusinthidwa 10/20/15. http://www.cancer.org/cancer/breastcancer/moreinformation/breastcancerearlydetection/breast-cancer-early-detection-acs-recs
American Cancer Society. Antiperspirants / Deodorants ndi khansa ya m'mawere. Kusinthidwa 01/04/08. http://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention/risk/myths/antiperspirants-fact-sheet