Chifukwa Chiyani Kukhumudwa Kumakhala Kawirikawiri Kumasowa Chifukwa cha Alzheimer'sself
Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a Alzheimers amawerengeka kuti ali ndi chiwerengero cha anthu awiri kapena 6 omwe amawopsa kwambiri poyerekezera ndi anthu ambiri. Pakati pa matendawa, paliponse paliponse pa 10 peresenti mpaka 26 peresenti idzapeza mtundu wina wa kugwidwa, zonse zooneka ndi zosaoneka, malinga ndi kafukufuku wochokera ku Baylor College School of Medicine ku Texas.
Ngakhale kuti simukudziwa bwinobwino njira zomwe zimayambitsa zotsatira zake, palinso zinthu zina zomwe zingachititse munthu kukhala pachiopsezo chachikulu.
Za matenda a Alzheimer's
Matenda a Alzheimer ndi omwe amafala kwambiri a dementia , omwe amakhudza anthu pafupifupi mamiliyoni asanu a ku America. Zimatsogolera kuwonongeka kosalekeza ndi kosasinthika kwa ntchito yamaganizo ya munthu, kuwonetsera ndi kutayika kwa kukumbukira ndi kuchepa kwapang'onong'ono kuthekera kuganiza kapena kulingalira. Ambiri amawoneka okalamba ndipo amakhulupirira kuti amakhudzidwa paliponse kuyambira anayi mpaka 12 peresenti ya anthu oposa 65.
Matenda a Alzheimer amayamba chifukwa chopezeka puloteni, yomwe imatchedwa beta-amyloid, mu ubongo. Pamene maselo a mapuloteni amamatirana pamodzi, amapanga zilonda zomwe zimadziwika kuti ndizomwe zimasokoneza mitsempha yomwe imapangitsa kuti chidziwitso ndi magalimoto azigwira ntchito.
Zifukwa Zopweteka M'maganizo a Alzheimer's
Ngakhale zingakhale zomveka kuganiza kuti kugwidwa kwa Alzheimer kumagwirizana kwambiri ndi kuwonongeka kwa ubongo, umboni umatsimikiziranso kuti umagwirizana kwambiri ndi beta-amyloid palokha.
Beta-amyloid kwenikweni ndi chidutswa cha gulu lalikulu lomwe limadziwika kuti amyloid precursor protein (APP). Pamene APP yasweka, mankhwala ena amatsulo amamasulidwa mu ubongo omwe amatha kuwononga kwambiri-ndikumangoganizira kwambiri. Pamene matendawa akupita, kusungidwa kwa mankhwalawa kungachititse kuti mitsempha ya mitsempha iwononge mosavuta, kuyambitsa kugunda.
Mitundu iwiri yofala kwambiri ya kugwidwa kwa anthu omwe ali ndi Alzheimer ndi:
- Kugonjetsa kwapadera, komwe kumadziwikanso kuti vuto lodziwika bwino lomwe limakhala lodziwika bwino, lomwe munthu amadziŵa kuti ali ndi malo ake osadziwika bwino, ndipo amachita zinthu zosadziŵa monga kugwedeza, kumenyana, kupota, kapena kunyamula zovala
- Kugonjetsa kwa tchire-clonic kumene kumakhala kovuta (kumbali ya ubongo) kumagwira ntchito yambiri (kumakhudza magawo onse awiri), kuchititsa thupi lonse kugwedezeka
Zinthu Zowopsa
Kunja kwa zamoyo zomwe zimayambitsa kugwidwa, pali zifukwa zina zomwe zimawoneka kuti zimapangitsa munthu kukhala pachiopsezo chachikulu. Mwa iwo:
- The presenilin 1 (PSEN1) ndi presenilin 2 (PSEN2) kusintha kwa majeremusi amayamba kawirikawiri anthu okhala ndi alzheimer-kugwidwa. Kusintha kumeneku kumadutsa kupyolera mwa mabanja ndipo kumathandiza kwambiri pakupanga APP.
- Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto loyamba la Alzheimer's (omwe ali ndi zaka zosakwana 65) amatha kugwidwa, ngakhale kuti kugwidwa kumeneku kudzachitika panthawi ya matenda.
Zanenenso zatchulidwa kuti kugwidwa kopanda kugwedeza, kuphatikizapo kusagonjetsedwa komwe kumapezeka mu khunyu , kungakhale ndi udindo wa makhalidwe ena a Alzheimer monga kusokonezeka kwa amnestic (kumene munthu amathawa popanda kukumbukira kapena kudziwa zomwe wachita).
Kusamalira Zokhumudwitsa Anthu Amene Ali ndi Alzheimer's
Sikuti aliyense amene ali ndi matenda a Alzheimer adzadwala. Pakati pa omwe amachita, zingakhale zovuta kudziwitsa popeza makhalidwe omwe nthawi zina amatha kufanana ndi matendawa. Izi ndizowona makamaka ndi zovuta zazing'ono zomwe munthu angathe "mwadzidzidziza" ndikuwonetsa khalidwe losadziwika.
Ngati kugwidwa kwachitika kapena kuganiza kuti ali ndi munthu yemwe ali ndi matenda a Alzheimer, magazi ndi mazithunzi angagwiritsidwe ntchito pofuna kuthandizira. Kwa anthu omwe amayamba kugwidwa, electroencephalogram (EEG) ikhoza kuthandizira kudziwa zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa.
Ngati chithandizo cha mankhwala chingachitike, mankhwala amatha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza khunyu monga Tegretol (carbamazepine), Depakote (valproic acid), Neurontin (gabapentin), ndi Lamictal (lamotrigine). Mitundu ina yotsutsa khunyu iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosamala pamene ingapangitse zizindikiro za matenda a maganizo.
Ngati wokondedwa ndi Alzheimer akudwala, phunzirani zoyenera kuchita pangozi ndi njira zothetsera kuvulaza ngati mukukumana ndi choopsa kwambiri, tonic-clonic.
> Zotsatira:
> Kubadwa, H. "Kugonjetsedwa kwa matenda a Alzheimer's." Neuroscience . 2015; 286: 251-63. DOI: 10.1016 / j.neuroscience.2014.11.051.
> Nicastro, N .; Assal, F .; ndi Seeck, M. "Kuchokera pano kupita ku khunyu: chiopsezo cha kugwidwa kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a Alzheimer." Matenda a khunyu . 2016; 18 (1): 1-12. DOI: 10.1684 / epd.2016.0808.
> Sherzai, D .; Losey, T .; Vega, S. et al. "Kukhumudwa ndi maganizo a anthu okalamba: Mtundu Wonse wa Odwala M'chaka cha 1999-2008." & Epilepsy Behavior . 2014: 36: 53-6. DOI: 10.1016 / j.yebeh.2014.04.015.