Mankhwala atsopano a FDA omwe amavomereza kuti akhalenso ndi khunyu
Neurology ndi malo osintha mofulumira, ndipo zatsopano zikuchitika nthawi zonse. M'munda wa khunyu, mankhwala asanu atsopano okhudzana ndi khunyu adavomerezedwa ndi Food and Drug Administration (FDA) m'zaka zisanu pakati pa 2012 ndi 2017.
Momwe Momwe Mankhwalawa Amachitira
Ambiri mwa mankhwalawa amavomerezedwa kuti asatengere pang'ono, ndiko kugwidwa kumene kumangoyambira kumalo amodzi a ubongo m'malo mwa onse kamodzi.
Kuonjezera apo, mankhwala ena atsopano oletsa kugwiritsira ntchito amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda odwala matenda a ana, monga Lennox-Gastaut syndrome.
Zina mwa mankhwalawa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa-label nayonso, kutanthauza kuti madokotala akuwafotokozera zinthu zina osati zomwe FDA inalola kampaniyo kulengeza.
Trokendi XR (Topiramate)
Ngakhale topiramate (Topamax) inavomerezedwa ndi FDA mu 1997 kuti ayambe kulandira pang'onopang'ono kugwidwa kwapadera, iyi ndiyo njira yomasulidwa, yomwe inavomerezedwa ndi FDA mu 2013. Trokendi XR ingagwiritsidwe ntchito yokha kwa odwala zaka khumi kapena khumi omwe akukhala ndi tsankho kapena kupwetekedwa kwa tonic-clonic ndi mankhwala achiwiri kwa odwala zaka 6 kapena kuposerapo omwe ali ndi vuto la kupweteka pang'ono kapena la tonic kapena matenda a Lennox-Gastaut.
Zotsatirapo zingaphatikizepo chisokonezo, mavuto a maganizo, chizungulire, kutopa, kupweteka kapena kutentha khungu, vuto la kukumbukira, kuvutika kuika maganizo, malungo, matenda, anorexia, kulemera kwa thupi, kugona, mantha, mavuto amalingaliro, ndi kuchepetsa maganizo ndi kusuntha.
Trokendi XR ndi kapule kamodzi kamodzi patsiku.
Mkwatibwi (Brivaracetam)
Chovomerezeka mu 2016, brivaracetam imatchulidwa kuti ndichiwiri kuchipatala kuti athane ndi matenda a khunyu omwe amapezeka mu khunyu kwa odwala zaka 16 kapena kuposa. Zimagwira ntchito pokhudzana ndi mapuloteni otchedwa synaptic vesicle 2A, omwe amathandiza kuchepetsa kugunda.
Zotsatirapo zingakhale kuphweteka kapena kusanza, kutopa, chizungulire, ndi kugona. Mphungu ikhoza kuperekedwa monga mapiritsi, jekeseni, kapena yankho la pamlomo, zonsezi zimatengedwa kawiri patsiku.
Qudexy XR (Topiramate)
Mofanana ndi Trokendi XR, Qudexy XR ndi njira ina yotulutsidwa ya topiramate imene inavomerezedwa mu 2014. Qudexy XR imapangidwanso kuti ikhale yokwanira kwa odwala ali ndi zaka 10 kapena kuposerapo omwe amatha kugwidwa, koma angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mankhwala achiwiri kwa odwala a zaka ziwiri kapena kupitilira omwe ali ndi vuto lochepa kapena la tonic-clonic kapena matenda a Lennox-Gastaut. Trokendi XR ndi yokwanira kwa odwala zaka 6 ndi zoposa.
Zotsatira za Qudexy XR zingaphatikizepo chisokonezo, malungo, chizungulire, kugona, kukumbukira zinthu, kuvutika kuika maganizo, matenda okhumudwa, matenda a maganizo, mantha, kulemera kwa thupi, nkhawa, kutentha kapena kupweteka khungu, komanso kuchepetsa maganizo ndi kayendedwe kake . Zimatengedwa ngati capsule kamodzi patsiku.
Aptiom (Eslicarbazepine Acetate)
Aptiom, yomwe inavomerezedwa mu 2013, imakhala yotsekemera yogwiritsa ntchito mpweya wa sodium yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala achiwiri kwa odwala omwe amayamba kugwira ntchito pang'onopang'ono. Momwe zimagwirira ntchito sizidziwika ndipo sizidziwike ngati ziri zotetezeka kuzigwiritsa ntchito kwa ana osapitirira zaka 4.
Zotsatirapo zingaphatikizepo kupwetekedwa mutu, kupwetekedwa mtima, kugona, kutopa, kutsekemera, kutenthedwa, kusokonezeka, kusokonezeka, kusanza, masomphenya awiri, chizungulire, ndi kusagwirizana. Aptiom ndi piritsi yomwe imatengedwa kamodzi patsiku.
Fycompa (Perampanel)
Mofanana ndi ena odwala khunyu asanakhalepo, peampanel ili ndi njira yatsopano yogwirira ntchito, yotsutsa α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid (AMPA) ionotropic glutamate receptor. Perampanel ingagwirane ntchito ndi mankhwala monga carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, kapena phytotoin ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchiza akulu ndi ana a zaka 12 kapena kupitila pogwidwa pang'onopang'ono, kugwidwa kwadzidzidzi, kapena kugwidwa kwapadera kwa tonic-clonic .
Zotsatirapo zingaphatikizepo chizungulire, kupweteka kwa thupi, kutopa, kukwiya, kugwa, kuchepetsa mavuto, kugona, kusuntha kosagwirizana, ndi kusuta. Fycompa ndi piritsi yomwe imatengedwa kamodzi patsiku.
Mankhwala atsopano ofanana ndi New Hope
Pakalipano, pafupifupi anthu atatu mwa odwala ali ndi matenda a khunyu amatha kugwidwa ndi mankhwala okhaokha. Mwa kuyambitsa mankhwala atsopano ndi njira zatsopano, chiyembekezo chathu ndi tsiku lina lomwe liri ndi dziko lopanda mfulu.
> Zotsatira:
> Franco V, French JA, Perucca E. Mavuto ku chipatala chokonzekera kwa Anti Antipileptic. Kafukufuku wa zamaphunziro . January 2016; 103: 95-104.
> Penyani Pakati. FDA Ovomerezeka Mankhwala Ovomerezeka a Neurology. 2017.