Matenda a chithokomiro ndi mawu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokoza matenda osiyanasiyana a chithokomiro, aliyense ali ndi makhalidwe ake, zifukwa, mankhwala, ndi zotsatira zake. Mofanana ndi mitundu yambiri ya matenda, palibe njira yothetsera vutoli yomwe imakhala yovuta kwambiri.
Hyperthyroidism , yomwe imadziwikanso kuti chithokomiro chowonjezera, nthawi zina imawonekera ndi zizindikiro zochepa kapena zoopsa kwambiri kuti ziwombere mvula yamkuntho .
Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, hypothyroidism , chithokomiro chopanda mphamvu, ikhoza kukhala yowawa kwambiri kwa ena komanso matenda owononga moyo kwa ena.
Mofananamo, khansara yaing'ono yokhala ndi makoswe, yomwe imakhala ndi mapiritsi angakhale osavuta kuchiritsa, pamene khansa ya khansayi imapanga moyo wokhala pakati pa miyezi inayi.
Ngakhale kuti palibe vuto lililonse kwa munthu amene ali ndi matenda aakulu, matenda a chithokomiro amakhala osiyana kwambiri ndi momwe amachitilira ndi kuchiritsidwa.
Kupititsa patsogolo Kuzindikira Matenda a Chithokomiro
Chimodzi mwa malo oyambirira kumene kukula kamodzi sikunakwaniritsidwe konse ndi matenda a chithokomiro. Zotsatira zamakono zimangodalira kwambiri kugwiritsira ntchito chithokomiro cholimbikitsa timadzi ta timmoni (TSH) monga njira yodziwira kuti chithokomiro choposa kapena chosagwira ntchito.
Nzeru yodabwitsa imanena kuti TSH pamwamba pa 5.0 imatengedwa ngati subclinical hypothyroidism osati mankhwala oyenera, pamene TSH pamwamba pa 10.0 imapanga chithandizo chofunika kwambiri cha mankhwala a hypothyroidism.
Chifukwa chakuti anthu ena amatha kuona zizindikiro za matenda a chithokomiro pamagulu a TSH pansi pa 0.5, zimapangitsa kukayikira ngati chisankho chochiza chiyenera kutengedwa ndi zizindikiro za zizindikiro.
Ndichifukwa chake matenda ena ambiri, kuphatikizapo omwe ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo (COPD), ayamba kulongosola chithandizo malinga ndi zizindikiro za wodwalayo komanso kudzipenda kuti "zoipa" kapena "zabwino" munthuyo amakhulupirira kuti zizindikirozo khalani.
Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, m'mayendedwe a matenda a chithokomiro, matenda a chithokomiro akhala akukangana kwa zaka zosaposa khumi ndipo odwala amasiyana kwambiri ndi matendawa.
Pofuna kupereka chithandizo chodziwitsa zambiri, akatswiri ambiri okhulupirira zachipatala atenga njira yowonjezereka pofufuza munthu amene amakhulupirira kuti ali ndi matenda a chithokomiro. Mwachitsanzo:
- Madokotala ena amadalira zolemba zambiri za TSH zomwe zimapangidwira.
- Chithokomiro chimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse pofuna kuyang'ana goiters, mitsempha, ndi zina zolakwika zomwe TSH silingakhoze kuzizindikira.
- Madokotala ena ayamba kufufuza kwambiri zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a chithokomiro, kuteteza mayeso a antibodies kuti asatuluke kapena kutsimikizira matenda a Hashimoto ndi Graves (zomwe zikhoza kuchititsa zizindikiro musanayambe kusintha mahomoni a chithokomiro).
- Ena adalinso ndi malo ochitira zinthu monga matenda a euthyroid a Hashimoto (pamene chithokomiro chimagwirabe ntchito) pofuna kupeŵa chitukuko cha ma hypothyroidism.
Kupititsa patsogolo njira zochiritsira za chithokomiro
Monga momwe amadziwira matenda a chithokomiro, chithandizo cha matenda sichiyenera kuwonongeka, koma, zomvetsa chisoni, nthawi zambiri.
Mwachitsanzo, anthu omwe amapezeka ndi matenda a Graves ndi hyperthyroidism, akatswiri otchedwa endocrinologists nthawi zambiri amathamangira ku ayodini yowonjezera mazira (RAI) mu njira yoyamba kuti athe "kuigwira mwamphamvu ndi mofulumira" pamene njira yowonongeka ingakhale yothandiza komanso yosavulaza kwambiri .
Komabe, akatswiri odziŵa bwino ntchito, adzaganizira kuopsa kwake kwa matenda, zizindikiro, ndi mbiri ya wodwalayo kuti adziwonetsere yekha dongosolo la mankhwala. Nthawi zambiri, mankhwala osokoneza bongo monga Tapazole (methimazole) amatha kupereka chikhululukiro chaching'ono kapena chosatha ku Grave's disease popanda RAI, opaleshoni, kapena chiopsezo cha hypothyroidism.
N'chimodzimodzinso ndi khansa ya chithokomiro. Njira yowonjezereka ikuphatikizapo chithandizo cha chithokomiro chokwanira , chotsatiridwa ndi RAI komanso mankhwala akuluakulu a chithokomiro. Koma kodi izi ndizofunika nthawi zonse? Masiku ano, akatswiri ena akuyesa njira yowonjezera yowonetsera chithandizo malinga ndi chikhalidwe ndi kukula kwake kwa malungo.
Palibe paliponse zomwe zimakhala zosiyana-siyana zomwe zimawonekera kwambiri kuposa mankhwala a hypothyroidism. Masiku ano, malangizo othandiza amagwiritsa ntchito levothyroxine (synthetic T4 hormone) kuti abwezeretse wodwala ku "zovuta" zolembera.
Ngakhale kuti mankhwala okhawo angathe kukhala olekerera ndi ogwira mtima mwa anthu ena, njira yocheka-makina akuyang'ana njira zosiyanasiyana zochizira, kuphatikizapo:
- Tirosint , mtundu watsopano wa hypoillergenic wa levothyroxine umene umakhala wabwino kwambiri kuposa mapiritsi
- Cytomel (yopangidwa ndi T3 hormone)
- Zachilengedwe zowonongeka ndi chithokomiro
- Levothyroxine pamodzi ndi Cytomel
- Levothyroxine kuphatikizapo masoka achilengedwe otchulidwa ndi chithokomiro
- Chizolowezi chophatikizapo chizolowezi chophatikizapo mankhwala aliwonse omwe tawalemba pamwambapa
Izi siziphatikizapo mankhwala othandizira komanso kusintha kwa zakudya zomwe zingathandize kuchepetsa zizindikiro ndikupangitsa kuti thupi likhale labwino.
Mawu Ochokera
Monga asayansi akudziŵa zambiri za njira za matenda a chithokomiro mu mawonekedwe ake onse, kulimbikitsanso kwakukulu pakuyika njira yodziŵika mwachindunji ku matenda ndi chithandizo. Izi zimafuna madotolo kuti amuganizire munthuyo komanso matenda.
Pofika pamapeto pake, ngati muli ndi (kapena mukukhulupirira kuti muli ndi matenda a chithokomiro, tengani nthawi yoti mudziphunzitse nokha ndikukhala wothandizira nokha. Mukasankha dokotala, khalani ndi nthawi yofunsa mafunso ambiri momwe mungathere kuti mumvetse zomwe mungachite. Ngati dokotala sangakwanitse kuthana ndi mavuto anu, kambiranani ndi madokotala ena kapena afunseni kachiwiri.
Pochita zimenezi, mukhoza kupanga chisankho chodziwikiratu ndikukhala bwino kuti mukhale ndi chithandizo chabwino.