Kuzindikira matenda a chithokomiro ndi njira yomwe ingaphatikizepo masitepe angapo, kuphatikizapo kachipangizo kafukufuku, kuyezetsa magazi, kuyesa zojambula, ndi biopsies.
M'nkhaniyi, muphunzira zambiri zokhudza zojambulazo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito monga gawo la matenda a chithokomiro .
Uptake wa Iodine Wopanga Mavitamini (RAI-U)
Kuyezetsa magazi kwa iodine (RAI-U) kungagwiritsidwe ntchito pofuna kudziwa mitundu ina ya matenda a chithokomiro, monga hyperthyroidism.
Popeza khungu la chithokomiro ndilo minofu yokha yomwe imatha kutenga ayodini, mu mayeso a RAI-U, mlingo waing'ono wa ayodini wothamanga kwambiri 123 (wotchedwa I-123) wapatsidwa kwa iwe piritsi kapena mawonekedwe a madzi. Iodine yothamanga kwambiri 123 imatulutsa ma radiation, omwe angakhoze kuwonedwa kupyolera mu zithunzi zojambulidwa ndi kamera yomwe imayikidwa ndi khosi lanu. Zithunzizi zimasonyeza momwe ayodini imayambira mu chithokomiro.
Ndikofunika kunena kuti mtundu uwu wa ayodini (I-123) siwowopsa kwa maselo anu a chithokomiro. Komabe, mayesowa sayenera kuchitidwa kwa amayi omwe ali ndi mimba kapena kuyamwitsa.
Kuonjezera apo, iodine 131 yotulutsa mavitamini (mtundu wa ayodini womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito pa matenda a khansa ndi kuchepa kwa chithokomiro) sagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti azindikire chifukwa cha hyperthyroidism. Iodine yamadzimadzi 131 imagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira khansa ya chithokomiro. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kansalu ya kansa koma m'mwamba kwambiri.
Zotsatira za mayeso anu a RAI-U zidzathandiza dokotala wanu kuti adziwe.
Nthawi zambiri, chithokomiro chomwe chimatengera ayodini chimatengedwa kuti ndi "otentha," kapena kuti chimakhala chopitirira muyeso. Mwachitsanzo, mu Graves 'matenda, kutuluka kwa ayodini kumakhala kotalika, kotero kuti mtundu wonsewo ndi "wotentha."
Ngati muli hyperthyroid chifukwa cha kutentha kotentha (horule yomwe imapanga mahomoni ambiri a chithokomiro) kapena mitsempha yambiri (yotchedwa goxic multinodular goiter), iodine yomwe imapezeka mumtundu umenewu imakhala yayikulu.
Kumbali inayi, kuyambira ndi kotsika kwambiri (zero mpaka 2 peresenti) mwa anthu omwe ali ndi thyroiditis (kutupa kwa chithokomiro).
Chithokomiro Chokhazikika
Chithokomiro cha ultrasound chachitidwa kuti chifufuze mitsempha ya chithokomiro, kuphatikizapo zing'onozing'ono zomwe sitingathe kuziwona panthawi yofufuza. Pogwiritsa ntchito mafunde amphamvu kwambiri, ultrasound ingathandize dokotala kudziwa kukula kwake kwa nodule, komanso ngati nodule ndi khungu lodzaza madzi kapena minofu yamphamvu. Nthawi zina chithokomiro cha piritsi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'anitsitsa mitsempha, ngati kuwona ngati akukula kapena ayi kapena kuti akukhala ndi zifukwa zokayikitsa za khansa .
Njira ina imene chithokomiro chimatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati dokotala akufuna kuti atenge chitsanzo cha nkhono (yotchedwa bwino singano yotsalira). Dokotala wanu adzagwiritsa ntchito ultrasound kuti azitsogolera kumene singano imapita.
Potsirizira pake, chithokomiro cha ultrasound chingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati njira ina yowonjezereka yododometsa iodini ngati mayi ali ndi mimba kapena akuyamwitsa.
CT Scan
Kansalu ya CT, yotchedwa computed tomography kapena "cat scan," ndi mtundu wapadera wa x-ray umene nthaŵi zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa chithokomiro. Khungu la CT silingazindikire mitsempha yaing'onoting'ono koma ingathandize kuzindikira ndi kuganizira goiter, komanso mitsempha yambiri ya chithokomiro .
Maginito Resonance Imaging (MRI)
MRI imachitika pamene kukula ndi mawonekedwe a chithokomiro amafunika kuyesedwa. MRI sungadziwe momwe chithokomiro chikugwirira ntchito (mwachidule, sizingathe kupeza hyperthyroidism kapena hypothyroidism), koma imatha kuzindikira kutsekula kwa chithokomiro. Nthawi zina MRI ndi yabwino kwambiri kuti ikhale ndi kansa ya CT chifukwa sichifuna jekeseni wina uliwonse, umene uli ndi ayodini ndipo imatha kusokoneza kuyeza kwa iodine.
Mawu Ochokera
Pomaliza, mayesero oyambirira omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza chithokomiro kawirikawiri ndi ultrasound. Kuchokera kumeneko, dokotala wanu akhoza kupita patsogolo ndi mayesero ena okujambula, pogwiritsa ntchito zotsatira za kuyesa kwanu kwa magazi ndi magazi.
Inde, ngati muli ndi mafunso okhudza momwe chithokomiro chanu chimaganizira, chonde musazengereze kufunsa dokotala wanu. Pitirizani kugwira ntchito yodziwa chithokomiro komanso thanzi lanu.
> Zotsatira:
> American Cancer Society. (nd). Mayesero a Khansa ya Chithokomiro.
> American Thyroid Association. (nd). Matenda a Chithokomiro.
> Braverman, MD, Lewis E., ndi Robert D. Utiger, MD. Werner ndi Ingbar's The Thyroid: Mawu Ofunika ndi Otsogolera. 9th ed. , Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins (LWW), 2005.
> Zakulupa I. Hyperthyroidism: Kuzindikira ndi Chithandizo. Am Phys Physician. 2016 Mar 1; 93 (5): 363-70.