Chifukwa chomwe zimayambitsa diso la pinki (conjunctivitis) ndizosiyana-zimayambitsidwa ndi chirichonse kuchokera ku matenda a tizilombo ndi mabakiteriya ku chifuwa ndi mankhwala omwe amapezeka-mankhwalawa ayenera kukhala ofanana ndi chifukwa chomwe chimayambitsa. Wowononga conjunctivitis, ngakhale wosasangalatsa, akhoza kuthetsa yekha. Matenda ena angafunike mankhwala opha tizilombo kuti athe kuchiza matenda a bakiteriya, ma steroids operekera kuchepetsa kutupa, ndi mankhwala othandizira (kutentha kozizira ndi misozi) kuti athetse kuchepetsa ndi kupweteka.
Zothetsera Pakhomo
Koyera conjunctivitis kumayambitsa ubweya umodzi kapena maso onse komanso kunyoza, kuwotcha, kuvulaza kwambiri, ndi kukhumudwa nthawi zonse pamene mumanyezimiritsa. Zirizonse zomwe zimayambitsa vutoli, zochitika zochepa zimakhala zosafunika kuchipatala ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhala bwino paokha mkati mwa masabata angapo.
Pamene mukudikirira, mankhwala angagwiritsidwe ntchito pofuna kuchepetsa mavuto. Zitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito pothandizidwa ndi mankhwala operekedwa kwa diso lina la pinki.
Malangizo Odzikonda
Kuchedwa kwa conjunctivitis kungakhale kotheka kuthetsa mavuto, kuthandizira machiritso, ndi kuteteza kufalikira kwa matenda.
Anthu ambiri amapeza mpumulo pogwiritsa ntchito compress ozizira kapena ofunda. Ngati diso lanu la pinki limayambitsidwa ndi zovuta zowononga, kuzizira kozizira kungathandize kuthetsa kutentha ndi kuyaka. Ngati ili ndi vuto la tizilombo kapena bakiteriya, compress yotentha ikhoza kuchepetsa kufiira ndi kutupa. (Kupewa kufalikira kwa matenda kuchokera ku diso limodzi kupita kwina, gwiritsani ntchito compresses zosiyana pa diso lililonse ndi magawo atsopano a compresses kwa mankhwala onse.)
Musawonjezere zitsamba, aromatherapeutic, kapena infusions zina ku compress, chifukwa izi zingawononge, osati kuchepetsa, zizindikiro. Onetsetsani kuti madontho onse a diso sakuvomerezedwa ndi ophthalmic ogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi Food and Drug Administration.
Ngati muvala ma lens , ndibwino kuti muwachotsere mpaka zizindikiro zanu zitatsimikiziridwa bwinobwino.
Pamene iwo ali ndipo inu simulinso ochiza, muyenera kutaya othandizira omwe muli nawo omwe mwavala kuti mutetezedwe. Osonkhana omwe sali nawo angathe kutetezedwa mwadzidzidzi usiku womwewo asanagwiritse ntchito. (Onetsetsani kuti mukuwona kuti tsiku lotsiriza la mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda likuwoneka bwanji kuti muwone bwinobwino.)
Kupewa Kwathu
Ngati vuto la diso la pinki liri lopatsirana, monga mliri keratoconjunctivitis (EKC) kuphulika mu malo osungirako masuku ndi masukulu, iwe ndi banja lanu muyenera kusamala kuti musapitirize kufalikira kwa matenda (kapena kachilombo ka HIV). Izi zikuphatikizapo:
- Kusamba m'manja nthawi zonse ndi madzi otentha ndi sopo
- Pewani kugwira maso
- Osagawana matawulo, pillowcases, ndi mipango
- Osagawana zodzoladzola kapena madontho a diso
- Kusamba pillowcases ndi kuyala nthawi zonse
Over-the-Counter (OTC) Mankhwala
Misozi yonyamulira , yomwe imapezeka pamsewu, imatha kupereka mpumulo mwa kuwonjezeranso mafuta ndi maso komanso kuchepetsa kuyang'anitsitsa kwa maso.
Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana yosiyanasiyana, yomwe imakhala ndi lipid imatsanzira misonzi yeniyeni (monga Refresh Optic Advance ndi Soothe ku Bausch & Lomb) ndi ena omwe ali osasamala kuti athe kuchepetsa zoopsa (monga TheraTears ndi Alcon Systane).
Palinso maonekedwe omwe amakhala ochepa kwambiri (monga Refresh Celluvisc kapena Systane Ultra), zomwe zingathandize kuchepetsa kutaya thupi mwa kuphimba diso. Pamapeto pake, akhoza kuthyola fumbi, mungu, ndi zina zotere.
Ngati zowononga ndizo chifukwa cha diso lanu laku pinki, antihistamine yochuluka kwambiri monga Claritin (loratadine), Zyrtec (cetirizine), kapena Allegra (fexofenadine) ingathandize kuchepetsa chilakolako. Antihistamine madontho a diso amathandizanso popereka chithandizo mwamsanga.
Malemba
Mitundu ina ya conjunctivitis ingapindule kwambiri ndi mankhwala a mankhwala, pamene ena amafunikira.
Bacterial Conjunctivitis
Bacterial conjunctivitis nthawi zambiri amatha milungu imodzi kapena awiri ndipo nthawi zambiri amathetsa yekha. Ngati zizindikiro zikulephera kusintha pambuyo pa masiku asanu, dokotala wanu angapangire mankhwala oteteza maantibayotiki (omwe amakhala ndi ma antibiotic ochuluka omwe amatha kuchiza mitundu yambiri ya bakiteriya).
Ngati matendawa ndi oopsa, madontho a diso lachilendo a fluoroquinolone angayambe. Ma antibayotiki amlomo amapezeka kuti ali ndi matenda akuluakulu, monga omwe amachititsidwa ndi mphutsi kapena chlamydia .
Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri amati:
- Njira ya Azithromycin 1.0%
- Ciprofloxacin madola 0.3% kapena mafuta
- Erythromycin 0,5% mafuta
- Gentamicin madontho 0.3%
- Levofloxacin madontho 0.5%
- Ofloxacin madontho 0.3%
- Tobramycin madontho 0.3%
Ngakhale kuti madontho a diso la corticosteroid angapangidwe, ntchito yawo imatsutsanabe. Ngakhale zothandiza kuthetsa kutupa, zitha kuchepetsa kupatsirana ndipo zimatha kusungunula "nembanemba" ngati mutagwiritsidwa ntchito mopitirira muyeso.
Viral Conjunctivitis
Viral conjunctivitis ndi mtundu wozoloŵera kwambiri kwa makolo omwe ali ndi ana a sukulu. Mliri wa keratoconjunctivitis (EKC) umayamba chifukwa cha adenovirus yomwe imagwirizana kwambiri ndi chimfine. Popeza palibe mankhwala opatsirana pogonana omwe angathe kuchiza EKC, matendawa akungoyenda mofanana ndi kuzizira.
Pazochitika zosayembekezereka kuti zovuta zimachitika, mankhwala oletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda monga cidofovir angapangidwe. Ngakhale zili choncho, izi zimakhala zosungira anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV , monga omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV .
Kachilombo ka herpes simplex (HSV) ndi chifukwa chochepa cha conjunctivitis koma mosakayikira ndi chovuta kwambiri, chifukwa nthawi zambiri zimabwereranso. Chithandizo chingaphatikizepo kudikirira ndi kuyembekezera ngati vuto liri lofewa. Matenda owopsa, omwe amatha kuwonongeka, amatha kuchiritsidwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (monga geliclovir gel, trifluridine madontho a diso, kapena mafuta a vidarabine) kapena mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (monga acyclovir).
Allergic Conjunctivitis
Matenda ambiri omwe amatha kulandira conjunctivitis amachiritsidwa moyenera ndi OTC antihistamines, kupopera minofu, madontho a diso, ndi mankhwala osagwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa kutupa (NSAIDs).
Ngati zizindikiro zikupitirira kapena zowonjezereka, mast cell stabilizers , monga Alomide (lodoxamide) kapena Alocril (nedocromil), amapezeka m'matope a diso. Pa nthawi ya atopic keratoconjunctivitis , momwe chiopsezo cha masomphenya chimakhala chokwanira, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kogwiritsiridwa ntchito katsamba kamene kali ndi stabilizer ndipo pakamwa kapena pamutu pamtundu corticosteroid nthawi zambiri zimakhala zothandiza.
Pakati pa mapepala akuluakulu a papillary conjunctivitis , omwe nthawi zambiri amawoneka ndi ma lens ndi zinthu zina zakunja zingayambitse mapiko ngati mapiko a mkati, mankhwala amachititsa kuchotsa chinthu chachilendo. Mast cell stabilizers kapena topical corticosteroids angagwiritsidwe ntchito pamene chinthu chachilendo (monga sutures kapena prostatetic eye) sichichotsedwa mosavuta. Kusintha kuchokera ku lensisi zolimba kupita ku lenti zofewa kungathandizenso kubwereza.
Ophthalmia Neonatorum
Ophthalmia neonatorum , yomwe imatchedwanso neonatal conjunctivitis, imayamba pamene matenda a gonorrheal kapena chlamydial amasamutsidwa m'maso mwa mwana pamene akudutsa mumtsinje wobadwa.
Pofuna kupeŵa izi, amayi omwe amapezeka pa nthawi ya kubadwa angathe kupatsidwa gawo la Kaisara kuti athe kuchepetsa kufala kwa HIV. Popanda kulongosola, mwanayo adzapatsidwa mankhwala oteteza maantibayotiki patsiku lobadwa (kaya tetracycline kapena erythromycin) ndi mlingo umodzi wa ceftriaxone ngati amayi sanamvere mafupa.
Ngati mwanayo ali ndi zizindikiro za gonococcal conjunctivitis, maola ola limodzi amatha kutsuka mpaka kutsukidwa, mothandizidwa ndi maola anayi a mavitamini a bacitracin. Maphunziro a masiku asanu ndi awiri a ma antibayotiki angaperekedwe. Ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, ndi penicillin ndi njira zabwino.
Kwa chlamydial conjunctivitis , tetracycline yapamwamba kapena mafuta a erythromycin angagwiritsidwe ntchito nthawi zinayi tsiku lililonse kwa milungu itatu, komanso systemic erythromycin kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha chibayo.
Njira yosavomerezeka ya neonatal conjunctivitis, yomwe imayambitsidwa ndi kachilombo ka herpes simplex , idzachitidwa ndi acyclovir yoperekedwa mwachangu kwa masiku osachepera 14 kuti ateteze kufalikira, matenda osokoneza bongo.
Kusamalira Mwadzidzidzi
Mankhwala a conjunctivitis amayamba chifukwa cha utsi, utsi, zakumwa, ndi zina zotsekemera. Maonekedwe ofanana, monga omwe amayamba ndi utsi kapena chlorine, nthawi zambiri amasankha okha pa tsiku limodzi.
Komabe, kuwonetseratu koopsa kwambiri, monga chifukwa cha asidi (monga dziwe kapena asidi ya batri) kapena alkali (monga ammonia kapena kukhetsa woyera), ayenera kuponyedwa bwino ndi madzi pamene akufunidwa mwamsanga. Izi ndizowona makamaka ndi zotentha za alkali zomwe, ngakhale kuposa asidi, zimatha kuwonongeka kwa diso, nthawi zambiri.
> Zotsatira:
> Azher, T .; Yin, X ;; Tajfirouz, D. et al. "Herpes simplex keratitis: zovuta pakudziŵa ndi kuchipatala." Clin Ophthalmol. 2017; 11: 185-91. DOI: 10.2147 / OPTH.S80475.
> Bilkhu, P .; Wolffsohn, J .; ndi Naroo, S. "Kuchita bwino kwa mankhwala osagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mankhwala osagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi chifukwa cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo." Ophthalmology. 2014; 121 (1): 72-78. DOI: 10.1016 / j.phtha.2013.08.087.
> Goodman, D .; Rogers, J ;; ndi Livingston, E. "Conjunctivitis." JAMA. 2013; 309 (20): 2176. DOI: 10.1001 / jama.2013.4432.
> Palafox S.; Jasper, S .; Tauber, A. et al. "Ophthalmia Neonatorum." J Clinic Yesetsani Ophthalmol . 2011; 2: 119. DOI: 10.4172 / 2155-9570.1000119 .