Kodi Central Serous Retinopathy ndi chiyani?

Central serous retinopathy (CSR) ndi vuto la retinal limene limakhudza achinyamata kwa zaka zapakati omwe alibe zizindikiro za matenda a retina. Avereji ya msinkhu wa kumayambiriro ndi zaka za m'ma 30s, koma amatha kuyambira kumapeto kwa zaka 20 mpaka kumapeto kwa zaka 50. Zikuwoneka kuti zimakhudza amuna ambiri kuposa akazi ndi chiŵerengero cha 10 mpaka 1, ndi a Caucasus kuposa a mtundu wina uliwonse. Chochititsa chidwi, zikuwoneka kuti zimakhudza anthu okhala ndi mtundu-A, umunthu.

Zizindikiro

Anthu omwe ali ndi CSR amakonda kukadandaula ndi masomphenya oyipa kapena osokoneza, makamaka mu diso limodzi. Zingakhudze maso onse, koma izi sizodziwika. Anthu omwe amapanga CSR nthawi zina amakhala owona kutalika , ndipo angadandaule ndi mizere yolunjika ikuwoneka yolakwika kapena yokhotakhota.

Zimayambitsa

Nthaŵi zina CSR imatchedwa "idiopathic" serous chorioretinopathy, chifukwa chifukwa chenichenicho sichidziwika. Pali mikangano yambiri m'mabungwe a zachipatala chifukwa chake anthu ena amayamba matendawa; mutu wamba womwe umakhala wofala nthawi zonse umawoneka kuti uli wopanikizika, ndipo chikhalidwe chikuwoneka chikuchitika pamene msinkhu wachisokonezo uli pamwamba pa moyo wa munthu. Komanso, anthu amene amatenga steroids amatha kukhala ndi chiopsezo chapadera chotenga matendawa. Kulephera kugona kumawonekeranso kukhala ndi gawo.

Chikhalidwe chimayamba pakati pa magawo awiri a diso. Chithunzi cha photoreceptor cha retina chili pamwamba pa choroid , chomwe chimagwira ntchito kuti idyetse retina.

Pakati pa choroid ndi chithunzi cha photoreceptor ndizomwe zimakhala ndi maselo a m'mitsempha ya retinal, yomwe imatchedwa RPE. Kuthira kwa RPE kumayendetsa kutuluka kwa zakudya ndi madzi m'thupi mwa retina.

Munthu akakula CSR, RPE imakhudzidwa ndi dera la macular la retina. The macula ndi gawo lapadera la retina yomwe imatipatsa masomphenya oonekera bwino.

Maselo achilendo a RPE ali ndi zigawo zolimba kwambiri; Izi zimagwirizanitsa kwambiri kuteteza kuphulika kwa madzi. Mu CSR, chinachake chimapangitsa kuti mapulaniwa awamasulire ndi kuswa, kulola kuti madzi akutha. Maselo ambiri amatha, ndipo kutseka kwa RPE kwenikweni kumachotsa kuti pakhale kanyumba kakang'ono kumalo a macula. Chosinthacho chimasintha mawonekedwe a retina (mofanana ndi kujambula filimu mu kamera) ndi kusokoneza masomphenya.

Kudziwa

Njira zotsatirazi zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pozindikira CSR:

1. Ophthalmoscopy: Madokotala oyang'anira amagwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana kuti ayang'ane mkati mwa diso. Izi zingakhale zosaphatikiziranso madontho a maso omwe akugwedeza mwapadera kuti athe kukulitsa wophunzirayo kuti dokotala azifufuza mosavuta mkati mwa diso. Kawirikawiri, chimango kapena bululu wa minofu imatha kuwonedwa.
2. Kugwirizana molumikiza tomography (OCT): OCT amagwiritsa ntchito kuwala kuti awonetsetse zosiyana za retina. Chiyesochi chimapatsa dokotala mndandanda wodalirika kuti awone ngati zowononga zowonongeka zilipo. Chiyesocho n'chopweteka, mofulumira ndipo kawirikawiri samasowa madontho kuti apangidwe mu diso.
3. Fluorescein angiography: Madokotala nthawi zina amagwiritsa ntchito njira yojambulira dayi yapadera m'magazi a magazi, kenako kujambula kufalikira kwa utoto uwu mkati mwa diso.

Chithandizo

CSR imathandizidwa pokhapokha ataganiziridwa mosamala kwambiri, pomwe ambiri amatha kukonza popanda chithandizo.

Ndibwino kuti wodwala ayesetse kupuma ndi kulandira maola 8 usiku, ndipo kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse kumalimbikitsidwanso. Ngati matendawa akhalanso pambuyo pa miyezi 4-6, madokotala a retina amawachitira CSR ndi njira zotsatirazi:

• Laser photocoagulation: Photocoagulation ndi njira imene dokotala amagwiritsira ntchito laser thermal kumalo a madzi. Laser imayambitsa ubweya wofewa, wopindulitsa maonekedwe a maselo a maselo a mtundu wa pigment, kutseka madzi akutha.
• Potodynamic Therapy (PDT): PDT imagwiritsa ntchito kuwala kwakukulu kokhala ndi kuwala kwina komanso mankhwala enaake otchedwa Visudyne, kuti athe kuchepetsa kutaya kwa madzi ndi kuteteza motsutsana ndi chitukuko cha mitundu yambiri ya matendawa.

Zimene Muyenera Kudziwa Zokhudza CSR

Ngakhale kuti pakati pa serous retinopathy ingasokoneze masomphenya anu, anthu ambiri ali ndi zizindikiro zabwino popanda mankhwala. Anthu ambiri amapeza masomphenya 20 / 20-20 / 40 mkati mwa miyezi 1-6. Nthawi zina amatha kusokoneza masomphenya, koma ndi ofatsa kwambiri.

Ngati CSR isachiritse mkati mwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, madokotala ambiri amawona chithandizo. Kawirikawiri, vuto lalikulu lingayambe pamene mitsempha ya mitsempha yamatenda imayamba kukulira pansi pa retina. Zosakaniza zingapangidwe, zomwe zingachititse kuti masomphenya awonongeke ngati atasiyidwa.

_Chitsime:

_{Aleksandro, Larry J. Ntchito Yoyamba ya Gawo Lomaliza, Kulemba Kachiwiri. Appleton & Lange, 1994.}