Ndemanga Yotsinthika Yalimbikitsa Njira Yowonjezera Yowonjezera
Mu 2017, bungwe lapadziko lonse la matenda opatsirana pogonana la Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD), bungwe lapadziko lonse la akatswiri azachipatala, linayambitsanso malingaliro ake pa matenda ndi matenda a matenda opatsirana omwe amachititsa kuti matendawa asapitirire .
Kuyambira pamene anatulutsidwa m'chaka cha 2012, komitiyi yasintha kwambiri momwe madokotala amatanthawuzira kuyandikira matendawa, kuphweka malingaliro ndi kusintha njira zomwe zizindikiro zimayesedwa komanso mankhwala ochiritsidwa atchulidwa.
Monga asayansi akupitiriza kuzindikira kuti zotsatira za chithandizo cha COPD zimakhala zotalika komanso zowonjezereka, zowonjezereka zimasinthidwa kwa wodwala, kulandira chithandizo kwa munthu payekha m'malo mopita kuchipatala.
Kusintha mu Tanthauzo
Zina mwa kusintha kwakukulu mu ndondomeko ya 2017 ndi tanthauzo la COPD palokha. M'mbuyomu, matendawa adatchulidwa kwambiri ndi njira zake, kuchokera ku njira za kutukusira kwa momwe matendawa adayendera.
Basi. Kumalo ake, komiti ya GOLD imafotokoza kuti COPD ndi "matenda omwe amatha, omwe amalepheretsedwa komanso ochiritsidwa omwe amadziwika ndi zizindikiro zowumitsa ndi kupuma kwa mpweya ... kawirikawiri zimakhala chifukwa chodziwika kwambiri ndi particles kapena magetsi oopsa."
Matendawa salinso okhudzana ndi matenda oopsa kapena matenda oopsa . M'malo mwake, akuphwasulidwa kukhala chinthu chosavuta-ndi-zotsatira: momwe kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala oopsa (monga ndudu) kungayambitse matenda opuma opuma.
Ngakhale kuti kusintha kumeneku kungawoneke ngati kovuta, kumagonjetsa chimodzi mwa mavuto aakulu pakupeza ndi kuchiza COPD. Iwo amavomereza kuti anthu omwe alibe umboni wathanzi wokhudzidwa ndi kayendedwe ka ndege angakhale ndi zizindikiro za matendawa, nthawi zina zovuta.
Choncho, m'malo moyeza labu zotsatira zotsutsa zizindikiro, madokotala tsopano akuyang'ana pa zomwe zimayambitsa, zotsatira, ndi kupirira kwachangu kuti atsogolere mankhwala.
Kusintha kwa Kumvetsetsa Kwathu Kukula kwa Matenda
Mofananamo ndewu ndikumvetsa kwathu za chitukuko cha matendawa. Ngakhale kuti timagwirizana kwambiri ndi COPD ndi kusuta (kutanthauzidwa ndi komiti ya GOLD monga "kudzipangitsa"), mfundo yosavuta ndi yakuti onse osuta amapeza COPD ndipo sikuti anthu onse omwe ali ndi COPD amasuta fodya.
Lipoti la GOLD losinthidwa likuvomereza kuti ife sitidziwa kwathunthu kuti malo otsegula ndi otani kwa omwe amapeza COPD ndi amene sali. Kuwonjezera pa kuwonetsa ndudu, komiti ya GOLD imadziwa zinthu zina zomwe zingagwirizane ndi matenda, kuphatikizapo:
- Kukula kwa pang "ono panthawi ya msinkhu ndi ubwana
- Kuwonetsedwa ndi mankhwala oopsa m'makhalidwe a ntchito
- Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kuipitsa mpweya
- Mavuto osauka a zachuma
- Nyumba zopanda mpweya wabwino
- Kutentha kwa mafuta oyaka moto (kuphatikizapo moto wa nkhuni ndi mafuta ophikira)
- Matenda ena ammapapu (monga matenda aakulu kapena matenda opatsirana)
- Kuyankha kwachilendo kosazolowereka, mwinamwake kutuluka m'mimba kapena chifukwa cha kuvulala kwapang'onopang'ono kapenanso mapapo
Izi zimatiuza ife kuti, mpaka tidziwa bwino matenda a COPD, tiyenera kuyang'ana matendawa-ndi zifukwa zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa-kuchokera pamtunda waukulu kuposa ndudu ndi ndudu zokha. .
Kusintha kwa Zopangira Chithandizo
M'mbuyomu, ndondomeko zamankhwala zinayesedwa ndi mayeso otchedwa post-bronchodilator FEV1 . Malingana ndi zotsatira, matenda a munthuyo adzalumikizidwa monga A (wofatsa), B (ochepa), C (ovuta), kapena D (ovuta). Chithandizocho chikanati chitchulidwe motsatira zolemba.
Mu 2012, komiti ya GOLD inakonza zowonjezera kuti ABCD kuwerengera idatsimikizidwe ndi zotsatira za ma lab, kuphatikizapo FEV1 ndi mbiri ya munthu wa COPD zovuta .
Vuto la njira ziwiri zonsezi ndikuti alephera kuvomereza kuti zizindikiro za COPD sizigwirizana nthawi zonse.
Dzanja limodzi, munthu wopanda umboni wosokoneza kayendedwe ka ndege angakhale ndi zizindikiro zoopsa za COPD. Pachifukwa china, munthu yemwe ali ndi umboni wotsutsa mosamalitsa angakhale ndi zizindikiro zochepa ndipo amatha bwino.
Chifukwa cha ichi, malangizo atsopano amalangiza kuti mankhwala oyenera a COPD ayenera kutsogoleredwa ndi zizindikiro za munthu aliyense. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, kutsimikiza mtima kuyenera kukhazikitsidwa ndi kudzipenda kwa wodwalayo.
Madokotala ambiri ayamba kale kuchita izi pogwiritsa ntchito mayeso a COPD (CAT) momwe munthuyo akufunsidwa kuti ayese kuchuluka kwa zizindikiro kapena kuwonongeka kwa mlingo wa zero kufika zisanu. Chiyesocho sichikufuna kuti zizindikiro zikhale zovuta koma kuti "zoipa" kapena "zabwino" munthu amadziwa kuti matenda ake ali. Maganizowa angathandize dokotala kulingalira momwe munthu angapirire mankhwala, omwe angaphatikizepo mankhwala, zolimbitsa thupi, zakudya, ndi kusuta fodya .
Pogwiritsa ntchito kusintha maganizo kwa wodwalayo, ndondomeko zowonjezeredwa za GOLD zimasonyeza kufunika kwa chidziwitso cha chidziwitso ndi chiweruzo powongolera chithandizo osati kumatsatira buku lonse lamasewero.
> Chitsime:
> Roversi, S .; Corbetta, L .; ndi Clini, E. "GOLD 2017 amalangizi kwa odwala COPD: ku njira yowonjezera," COPD Research and Practice. 2017; 3: 5. DOI: 10.1186 / s40749-017-0024-y.