Kuwunika Phindu Lake, Zisonyezo, ndi Zolephera
Ubongo ndi mitsempha ya mitsempha imatha kuwonetsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito kompyuta (CT) zojambula ndi kujambulira maginito (MRI) . Akakhala ndi matenda a ubongo, katswiri wodziŵa zamaganizo kaŵirikaŵiri amatha kupeza matenda popanda kufunikira kuyesedwa kwina. Nthawi zina, zingakhale zothandiza (kapena zofunikira mwamsanga) kuti muyese kuyesa ma batri kuti mupeze kapena kuyesa matenda omwe sapezeka mosavuta.
Phunzirani momwe angayesere ndikuyesera.
Kuyerekeza CT Scans ndi MRIs
Mawu akuti neuroimaging amafotokoza njira zowonetsera ubongo ndi ziwalo zina za mitsempha kuti zitsimikizire kapena kuchotsa kukayikira kwa khunyu. Mapulogalamu a MRIs ndi CT ndizo zida ziwiri zomwe katswiri wa sayansi ya zamoyo amatha kuchita.
Kuyankhula mwaluso, MRI ili ngati kamera yotsika mtengo, yamakono pomwe CT ikufanana ndi kamera yotsika mtengo. Kuyerekeza ndi kofunika kwambiri kuperekedwa kuti mtengo wa MRI wapitirira kuposa wa CT scan.
Izi sizikutanthauza kuti wina ndi wabwino kuposa wina. Anthu ena amaganiza kuti, chifukwa khalidwe la kujambula la MRI ndilopamwamba, liyenera kukhala loyamba kusankha. Koma izi zimasonyeza kusamvetsetsana kwakukulu ponena za mateknoloji, potsata maluso awo ndi zolephera zawo.
Mwachidule, MRI ndi CT scan zimasiyana m'njira zitatu:
- Nthawi ikakhala yofunika kwambiri. MRI imatha kutenga mphindi makumi asanu ndi mphambu zisanu ndi zinayi kuti ikwaniritse pamene CT scan ingotenge mphindi zisanu kapena 10 zokha. Panthawi yomwe imatenga MRI kuchita (chifukwa, kunena, kutaya magazi kwambiri ) munthu akhoza kufa kapena kuvulala kwambiri. MRI imapanganso kuti munthu akhale wotalika kwa nthawi yayitali, yomwe ingakhale yovuta mudzidzidzi. Kawirikawiri kanema ya CT imakhala yabwino kwa zochitika zoterezi.
- Mitundu ya zolakwika zomwe amaziwona. Nthaŵi zina, kanema ya CT imatha kuona mosavuta mosavuta kusiyana ndi MRI, kuphatikizapo magazi ambiri ndi mafupa. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, MRI ndiyo yabwino kwambiri pozindikira zilonda zazing'ono kapena zonyenga monga multiple sclerosis plaques, acoustic neuromas , kapena astrocytomas yapamwamba .
- Kusagwirizana ndi khalidwe la kujambula. MRIs amapanga zithunzi pogwiritsa ntchito mafunde amphamvu. Zida zina zitsulo ndi zipangizo zosagwirizana zimatha kusokoneza mafundewa, kuchititsa kupotoza kwa zithunzizo. Momwemonso, mizere ya dzuwa yomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi CT imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi fupa lakuda (kunena, kuzungulira ubongo), kumatsogolera ku chithunzi chomwe chili chovuta kapena chosatheka kutanthauzira.
Ngozi
Zomwe zimayambitsa mavuto pazimenezi zimabwera kuchokera ku chithunzi chojambula zithunzi ndi osiyana siyana. Nazi momwe ngozizi zimasiyanirana ndi mitundu iwiri ya kujambula.
Kujambula
CT imagwiritsa ntchito X-rays kupanga chithunzi chozungulira. Momwemonso, kuchuluka kwa dzuwa kumaphatikizapo, ndipo kafukufuku wina akusonyeza kuti mwala umodzi mwa 300 wokhala ndi khansa ndiwongolera. Ichi ndi chodetsa nkhaŵa kwa achinyamata chifukwa chitukuko cha khansa chimatengera makumi ambiri kuti chiwonetsedwe. Pa chifukwa chimenechi, madokotala amakhala osamala kwambiri pochita kanema pa mwana kusiyana ndi munthu wamkulu.
MRI, mosiyana, imagwiritsa ntchito maginito amphamvu kwambiri pofuna kulimbitsa maatomu mu thupi la munthu. Atomu amenewo amawoneka ndi scanner. Chiopsezo chachikulu cha MRI ndi chakuti mankhwala aliwonse a ferromagnetic imatha kukhala maginito motsogoleredwa ndi MRI ndikuyesera kugwirizanitsa pang'onopang'ono Izi zingayambitse kusuntha kapena kutenthedwa.
Agents osiyana
Nthawi zina, akatswiri a ubongo amatha kugwiritsa ntchito dye wosiyana kuti athe kusiyanitsa zomwe zimachitika mkati mwa ubongo. Diso losiyanitsa lingakhale lothandiza kuwonetsa zovuta zazikulu monga matenda a ubongo kapena zilonda zomwe zimakhala ndi MS, chifuwa chachikulu kapena khansara.
Mu CT scans ndi MRIs, osiyana nawo angayambitse mavuto aakulu:
- Kuyeza kwa CT kumagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osiyana omwe angakhale ndi ayodini. Nthawi zina, mazira a ayodini amatha kuwononga kwambiri moyo.
- Majekesi a MRI amagwiritsa ntchito gadolinium. Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a impso, kufotokoza kwa gadolinium kungayambitse vuto losavuta koma loipa lomwe limatchedwa nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF).
Mawu Ochokera
Pali zambiri zomwe ziyenera kuganiziridwa musanayambe kufufuza kwadzidzidzi. Monga wodwala, nthawi zonse ndi kofunika kudziwitsa dokotala za matenda alionse, kupatsirana, ndi matenda (kuphatikizapo mankhwala a kansa) omwe muli nawo kapena mwakhala nawo. Muyeneranso kukweza chilichonse chimene muli nacho pokhudzana ndi ndondomekoyo, makamaka ngati muli ndi claustrophobia kapena muli ndi zovuta m'mbuyomo. Njira zina zingakhalepo. Ngati chithunzithunzi chimasankhidwa mwanzeru ndipo pogwiritsa ntchito zowonjezera, wodwalayo akhoza kuthandizira kwambiri kuti asamangoganizira bwino za matendawa. Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu kapena mutenge yankho lachiwiri, ngati kuli kofunikira.
> Chitsime:
> Foray N, Bourguignon M, Hamada N. Kuyankha kwina kwa ma radiation. Kusintha kwa Kusinthika-Kufufuza mu Mutation Research . 2016; 770 (Gawo B): 369-386.
> Hill B, Johnson S, Owens E, Gerber J, Senagore A. CT Scan ya Mimba Yopweteka Mimba Yopangidwira: Mmene Zimagwirizanirana ndi IV, Mlomo, ndi Zosiyana. World Journal of Surgery . 2010; 34 (4): 699
> Hinzpeter R, Sprengel K, Wanner G, Mildenberger P, Alkadhi H. Kafukufuku Wowonjezera Wowonjezera Pambuyo pa Kusamukasamuka: Kusanthula zizindikiro, ma radiation, ndi ndalama. European Journal of Radiology . 2017: 135-140.
> Pearce M, Salotti J, de González A, et al. Nkhani: Kutuluka kwa mpweya wochokera ku CT kumayambira ali mwana ndipo pangozi zimakhala zoopsa za khansa ya m'magazi ndi zotupa za ubongo. Lancet . 2012; 380: 499-505.