Matenda a khunyu ndi zizindikiro zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zizindikiro za kugwidwa ndipo mwina zizindikiro zina zogwirizana. Ngati mukudwala matendawa, zimathandiza gulu lanu lachipatala kudziwa ngati muli ndi syndromes yodwala khunyu chifukwa pali njira zamankhwala zomwe zimathandiza aliyense payekha.
Matenda a myoclonic aang'ono ndi amodzi mwa odwala matenda a khunyu ndipo ali pakati pa anthu ambiri.
Ngati inu kapena mwana wanu mwapezeka kuti muli nawo, zizindikiro zanu zingakhale zochititsa mantha, zokhumudwitsa, ndipo zingawoneke zosagwirizana wina ndi mzake-koma zambiri zomwe mukukumana nazo ndi mbali ya matendawa ndipo pali chithandizo chamankhwala chothandiza.
Zizindikiro
Imfa ya myoclonic ya achinyamata imakhala ndi mitundu itatu ya kugunda kumene kumayambira ali mwana, kawirikawiri pakati pa zaka zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri. Chimodzi mwa zizindikiro za matendawa ndi chakuti mtundu wa kulanda umasintha ngati ana akufika msinkhu komanso akukula.
Kusagwira ntchito
Ana omwe ali ndi matenda a myoclonic aang'ono angayambe kukhala osataya, omwe amatchulidwa kuti akudwala, kuyambira ali mwana. Kugonjetsa kumeneku kumawoneka ngati magawo a "kutaya" pamene mwanayo sadziwa za malo ndipo samatha kuyankha kwa mphindi zingapo.
Kulephera kugwidwa ndi kanthawi kochepa ndipo sikukuyenda ndi kayendedwe ka zinthu zosazolowereka kapena zolakwika, kotero iwo amatha kuzindikira.
Ngati mwanayo ali ndi vuto mobwerezabwereza, makolo ndi aphunzitsi angazindikire kuti zigawozi sizinali zovuta tsiku ndi tsiku komanso kuti zimasintha mosazindikira.
Myoclonic seizures
Kugonjetsa kumeneku kumayamba kuchitika patapita zaka zingapo panthawi yomwe kusagonjetsedwa. Zimakhala ndi kusuntha kwadzidzidzi kwa mikono, miyendo, kapena thupi, komanso kuchepa kwa chidziwitso.
Nthawi zina zimapezeka nthawi ya tulo, ngakhale pamene tigona kapena tikadzuka tulo.
Zosintha zamtundu wa clonic
Miyezi ingapo mpaka zaka zingapo pambuyo poyamba kugwidwa kwa myoclonic, achinyamata omwe ali ndi matenda a myoclonic aamuna amayamba kugwidwa ndi matenda enaake, kapena omwe amatchulidwa kuti akudwala kwambiri . Kugonjetsedwa kumeneku kuli kovuta kwambiri, kuphatikizapo kusuntha kwadzidzidzi ndi kuuma kwa thupi, kuphatikizapo kuchepetsa kuzindikira kapena kutuluka.
Anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a myoclonic aang'ono angakhale ndi zizindikiro zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mosagwiritsidwa ntchito mosagwirizana ndi mphindi zingapo.
Kudziwa
Matenda a ana a myoclonic khunyu amachokera ku zifukwa zingapo zomwe zimasonyeza matendawa. Zomwe dokotala wanu angaganizire pozindikira ngati muli ndi matenda a khunyu a myoclonic ndi awa:
- Mitundu ya kugwidwa ndi kuphatikiza mitundu yomwe mukukumana nayo
- Mbadwo umene kugwidwa kukuwonekera
- EEG zimachitika podzuka ndi kugona
- Mbiri ya banja ya kugwidwa
Mtundu wa myoclonic seizure ndi chizindikiro cha chibwibwi cha mwana wamasiye, koma matenda opatsirana myoclonic amatha kuchitika ndi matenda ena a khunyu.
Kuwonjezera apo, anthu oposa theka la anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a khunyu a mwana wamakono ali ndi njira zosaoneka bwino za ubongo, zomwe zimawonedwa pa electroencephalogram (EEG.)
Ma EEG awa ndiwo ntchito yachibadwa yochokera kumbuyo ndikuyenda limodzi ndi mawotchi omwenso amatha kupanga mawotchi, mawotchi ambirimbiri otsekemera, komanso / kapena otsekemera. Maphunziro a EEG ogona angasonyeze mapangidwe a mafunde ambirimbiri kapena maselo atatu kapena anai a Hz.
Ubongo wa MRI wa munthu yemwe ali ndi matenda a myoclonic wachinyamata sizimasonyeza kuti pali njira zina zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azindikire. Machitidwe atsopano a ubongo wophunzira openda angasonyeze zinthu zina m'maganizo a achinyamata odwala matenda a myoclonic, koma kafukufuku wotsatiridwawa akukhalabe atsopano, choncho palibe zifukwa zowonongeka zokhudzana ndi matenda a myoclonic asayansi.
Udindo Wopatsa Mavitamini
Zonsezi, ali ndi chizolowezi cholandira ana a myoclonic khunyu. Anthu omwe ali nawo ali ndi mwayi wapamwamba kwambiri wokhala ndi mamembala a mtundu uliwonse wa khunyu.
Zida zapadera kapena cholowa chawo sizinawoneke kuti ndizoyambitsa matenda a myoclonic aamuna, koma pakhala pali zinthu zitatu zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a myoclonic akufa: rs2029461 SNP mu GRM4 ; rs3743123 mu CX36, ndi rs3918149 mu BRD2 .
Chithandizo
Pali njira zambiri zamankhwala zomwe zimagwira ntchito.
Mankhwala
Pali mankhwala othandiza kwambiri oletsa kupweteka. Izi zikuphatikizapo valproic acid, levetiracetam, topiramate, zonisamide, lamotrigine, ndi clonazepam.
Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda a khunyu amatha kutenga mankhwala amodzi oletsa kupweteka, omwe amatchedwa monotherapy. Ngati mukukumana ndi zotsatira, dokotala wanu adzakuperekani ku mankhwala ena. Ngati simukudziwa bwino momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito matendawa, dokotala wanu akhoza kusintha mankhwala anu kwa mankhwala ena kapena amapereka mankhwala osakaniza amodzi kuti athetse vutoli.
Kusamalira moyo
Kawirikawiri, mofanana ndi anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi khunyu, pali zinthu zina zomwe zingachititse kuti munthu ayambe kugwidwa ndi matendawa. Ambiri omwe amachititsa kuti munthu asagwidwe ndi matenda a minoclonic akudwala, amafunika kugona, kugwiritsira ntchito mowa, kumwa mankhwala omwe amadziwika kuti amachititsa ngozi, komanso kuwala kwa magetsi. Kupewa zowonongeka kwa moyo uno ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri popewera katemera.
Mankhwala oyenera kupewa
Chochititsa chidwi n'chakuti mankhwala ochepa opatsirana pogwiritsidwa ntchito amadziwika kuti amayamba kugwidwa ndi matenda a myoclonic a achinyamata. Carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, ndi phenytoin zingapangitse kuti vutoli lisagonje ndi myoclonus. Gabapentin, pregabalin, tiagabine, ndi vigabatrin nawonso akhoza kuwonongeka kwambiri, kuphatikizapo kugwidwa kwadzidzidzi, kotero kuti nthawi zambiri sichidalembedwe pa vutoli.
Opaleshoni
Kawirikawiri, opaleshoni ya khunyu si njira yachizolowezi yothandizira ana a myoclonic khunyu. Komabe, nthawi zina, zimakhala ngati mungakumane ndi mankhwala.
Kuthamangitsani
Kugwidwa kwa khunyu kamene kamayambitsa matenda a myoclonic kawirikawiri kumadzipatula, kutanthauza kuti amatha okha popanda kupitirira nthawi yaitali kapena yoopsa. Zoona, kukhala ndi chibwibwi nkomwe, ngakhale kwa kanthaŵi kochepa, ndi chinthu chofunika kuchitenga mozama. Choncho, ngati muli ndi matenda a khunyu, muyenera kumwa mankhwala anu kuti achepetseni kuchepa kwafupipafupi.
Pakapita nthawi, achinyamata ambiri omwe amapezeka kuti ali ndi matenda a myoclonic aang'ono amakula bwino, ndipo pafupifupi 10 mpaka 30 peresenti amakula bwino kuti mankhwala sangathenso kukhala wamkulu.
Makhalidwe Okhudzana ndi Matenda a Myoclonic Aang'ono
Makhalidwe
Kafukufuku wina adawonetsa kuti ana ndi achinyamata omwe ali ndi matenda a myoclonic aumunthu angakhale ndi chiwerengero cha kuchepetsa chikhalidwe cha anthu kapena mavuto awo. Komabe, makhalidwe amenewa sagwirizana kwa aliyense yemwe ali ndi matenda, ndipo siziwoneka kuti pali zofooka zomwe zimayambitsidwa. Ofufuza ena azachipatala amati maganizo okhudza maganizo okhala ndi matendawa monga munthu wamkulu angakhale chifukwa cha zina mwazifukwa zamaganizo.
Nzeru
Maluso ozindikira komanso nzeru za anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a myoclonic akudwala, ndi ofanana ndi a anzawo omwe alibe matenda a khunyu.
Kusokoneza tulo
Pali kusokonezeka kwa tulo komwe kumayambitsidwa ndi matenda a myoclonic a mwana. Kusokonezeka kumeneku kungabweretse tulo tochepa, zomwe zimawoneka ngati kutopa. Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti awonongeke akuwoneka kuti ali ndi zotsatira zabwino pa mavuto ogonawa.
Mawu Ochokera
Khunyu imayambitsa nkhawa, kusatsimikizika, ndi kudandaula kwa omwe ali ndi vutoli ndi makolo awo. Chifukwa chakuti mwana wamasiye wamtundu wa myoclonic ndi matenda odwala matenda a khunyu ali ndi mankhwala omwe amadziwika ndi mankhwala omwe amadziwika angathandize kuti asakhale ndi chikhulupiriro.
Kukhala ndi matenda a khunyu kumafuna kusintha kwa moyo wanu, kuphatikizapo kupeŵa matenda a khunyu, kumwa mankhwala nthawi zonse monga momwe akufunira, kuyang'ana zotsatirapo pamene mukuyamba mankhwala atsopano, ndi kuzindikira njira zotetezera zomwe zimakhudza kuyendetsa galimoto ndi kuwonongeka. Anthu ambiri omwe amakhala ndi matenda a myoclonic akudwala amatha kupeza njira zabwino zoyendetsera mankhwala ndi mankhwala ndipo amatha kukhala ndi moyo wathanzi komanso wopindulitsa popanda malire.
> Zotsatira:
> Koepp MJ, Thomas RH, Wandschneider B, Berkovic SF, Schmidt D. Concepts ndi mikangano ya mwana wamasiye myoclonic: still > an enigmatic > khunyu. Katswiri Rev Neurother. 2014; 14 (7): 819-31.
> Santos BPD, Marinho CRM, Marques TEBS, et al. Matenda a chibadwa mu matenda a mitsempha ya achinyamata: Kukonzekera mwatsatanetsatane kafukufuku wa chilengedwe. PLoS ONE. 2017; 12 (6): e0179629.