Kuti mumvetsetse mayeso a magazi a ANA (kuyesa antitinuclear antibody), nkofunika kuti mumvetsetse poyamba mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma antibodies.
- Matenda a m'magazi ndi mapuloteni, omwe amapangidwa ndi maselo oyera a magazi, omwe amazungulira m'magazi kuti ateteze adani awo, monga mabakiteriya, mavairasi, ndi poizoni.
- Maantiantibodies, mmalo mochita zolimbana ndi anthu achilendo, akuukira maselo a thupi lanu. Izi si zachilendo.
- Matenda a anti-nyukliya ndi gulu lapadera la anthu omwe ali ndi mphamvu zowononga zigawo m'magulu a maselo. Chigawo cha selo chili ndi majini, omwe amadziwika kuti DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid).
Mayeso a magazi a ANA (kafukufuku wa antitinuclear antibody) kaŵirikaŵiri amachitidwa pamsampha wa magazi monga mbali ya matenda opatsirana matenda ena .
Mmene Testedwe Imapangidwira
Pochita mayeso a magazi a ANA, nthawi zina amatchedwa FANA (fluorescent antinuclear antibody test), magazi amachokera kwa wodwalayo ndipo amatumizidwa ku labu la kuyesedwa. Seramu kuchokera ku specimen ya magazi imaphatikizidwa ku masipulosi a microscope omwe ali ndi maselo okonzeka malonda omwe akugulitsidwa. Ngati serum ya wodwalayo ili ndi anti-nuclear antibodies, imamanga maselo (makamaka mtima wa maselo) pazithunzi.
Wachiwiri wotsutsa, wogulitsidwa ndi malonda a fluorescent, amawonjezeredwa ku kusakaniza kwa seramu ya wodwala ndi maselo okonzedwa m'magetsi pa slide.
Wachiwiri (fluorescent) anti antibody amamatira ma antibodies ndi maselo omwe amamanga pamodzi. Pamene chojambulachi chimawoneka pansi pa microscope, maselo a antitinuclear akuoneka ngati maselo ofufuza.
- Ngati maselo a fulorosenti amawonedwa, zotsatira za kuyesa magazi kwa ANA ndi zabwino.
- Ngati maselo a fulorosenti sakuwonedwa, zotsatira za kuyesa magazi kwa ANA ndizolakwika.
Chidziwitso cha Mayeso A Mwazi
Lipoti la mayeso a magazi la ANA lili ndi magawo atatu:
- Zabwino kapena zoipa kwa ANA
- Ngati chitsimikizo, chotchulidwa chinatsimikiziridwa ndikudziwika
- Chitsanzo cha fluorescence ndipoti
ANA Titer
Chotsatira chimatsimikiziridwa mwa kubwereza mayesero abwino ndi masewera enaake mpaka mayesero atulutsa zotsatira zoipa. Kutsegula kotsiriza komwe kumabweretsa zotsatira zabwino (mwachitsanzo, fluorescence owona pansi pa microscope) ndi titer yomwe imadziwika. Pano pali chitsanzo:
Zosintha Zambiri:
1:10 zabwino
1:20 zabwino
1:40 zabwino
1:80 zabwino
1: 160 positive (titatchulidwa ngati 1: 160)
Zoipa 1: 320
Kufunika kwa ANA Pattern
Zolemba za ANA ndi machitidwe angasinthe pakati pa malo oyesa ma laboratory chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa njira zomwe amagwiritsa ntchito. Machitidwe omwe amadziwika bwino ndi awa:
- Zophatikizana - chiwerengero cha nyukiliya yotchedwa fluorescence chifukwa cha anti-anti-DNA. Amagwiritsa ntchito machitidwe a systemic lupus erythematosus .
- Mphumpho - fluorescence imapezeka pamphepete mwa phokoso mu mawonekedwe ooneka bwino. Anti-DNA ndi anti-nuclear envelope antibodies zimayambitsa izi. Zowonanso mu systemic lupus erythematosus.
- Kuphatikizidwa - ma speckled fluorescense chifukwa cha anti-anti-anti-antigen antigen.
- Nucleolar - kuchokera ku ma antibodies omwe amatsogoleredwa ndi mapuloteni enieni omwe amaphatikizapo kusasitsa kwa RNA. Amawona anthu omwe ali ndi scleroderma (systemic sclerosis) .
Zotsatira zabwino ANA Zotsatira Zopeza Magazi - Kodi Zikutanthauzanji?
Matenda a anti-nyukliya amapezeka mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda osiyanasiyana, koma osati okha. Matenda a anti-nuclear angathe kupezeka ndi anthu omwe ali ndi matenda, khansa, matenda a m'mapapo, matenda a m'mimba, matenda a mahomoni, matenda a magazi, matenda a khungu, anthu okalamba, kapena anthu omwe ali ndi mbiri yodwala matenda a rheumatic. Matenda a anti-nyukiliya amapezeka pafupifupi 5 peresenti ya anthu wathanzi, komanso.
Zotsatira za ANA ndi chimodzi chokha chomwe chikuganiziridwa pamene matenda akugwiritsidwa ntchito. Dokotala wodwalayo akudwala matenda ena odwala matendawa komanso dokotala wina.
Mbiri ya zamankhwala ndi yofunikanso chifukwa mankhwala ena a mankhwalawa angayambitse "antibokids anti-nuclear antibodies".
Chikoka cha ANA mu Matenda osiyanasiyana
Kulankhula mwachidule, chiwerengero cha zotsatira zabwino za ANA (mwa magawo onse pa chikhalidwe) ndi:
- Mankhwala a lupus erythematosus (lupus kapena SLE) - opitirira 95 peresenti
- Progressive systemic sclerosis (scleroderma) - 60 mpaka 90 peresenti
- Matenda a nyamakazi - 25 mpaka 30 peresenti
- Sjogren's syndrome - 40 mpaka 70 peresenti
- Felty's syndrome - opitirira 75 peresenti
- Matenda a nyamakazi - 15 mpaka 30 peresenti
Nthawi zina mayeso a magazi a ANA amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti adziwe matenda enieni omwe amadziwika nawo. Pachifukwa ichi, dokotala akhoza kulamula anti-dsDNA, Anti-Sm, Sjogren's syndrome antigens (SSA, SSB), ma anti-anti-centromere, anti-histone, ndi anti-RNP.
Mfundo Yofunika Kwambiri
Mayeso a magazi a ANA ndi ovuta. Izi zati, zotsatira zotsatila kapena zoipa, titer, pattern, ndi zotsatira za mayeso-zingapereke madokotala ndi zizindikiro zamtengo wapatali zothandizira kupeza matenda a autoimmune rheumatic.
Zotsatira:
> Peng ndi Craft. Buku lolemba za Rheumatology. Kusindikiza kwachisanu ndi chinayi. Elsevier. Mutu 55 - Matenda a Antiinuclear.
Kufufuza kwachipatala, Todd-Sanford