Zizindikiro, Zimayambitsa, Kuzindikira, Kuchiza, ndi Zambiri
Matenda osadziwika ndi amodzi omwe amadziwika ndi kupezeka kwina kwa khoma lotchedwa diverticula. Nthaŵi zambiri, diverticula sizimayambitsa zizindikiro, koma nthawi zina zimatha kutentha ndi / kapena kachilombo komwe kumayambitsa matenda otchedwa diverticulitis.
Ngakhale kuti theka la anthu ali ndi zida zosiyana kwambiri pa nthawi yomwe ali ndi zaka zoposa makumi asanu ndi limodzi, pafupifupi asanu mwa magawo asanu aliwonse amapitilirapo kuti azikhala osiyana siyana.
Utumbo Wambiri
Diverticula imapezeka mumtumbo, womwe ndi gawo la matumbo akuluakulu. Nthaŵi zambiri, diverticula imakhala mu sigmoid colon, yomwe ndi gawo lomaliza la matumbo akuluakulu omwe amagwirizanitsa ndi kachilomboka. Chizindikiro cha sigmoid chiri kumbali ya kumanzere kwa mimba, chifukwa chake diverticulitis nthawi zambiri imakhudzana ndi ululu m'mimba kumbali iyi.
Diverticula ikhoza kuchitika m'madera ena a matumbo akulu, komanso izi sizodziwikiratu.
Zizindikiro
Chizindikiro chofala cha diverticulitis ndi kupweteka kwa m'mimba, komwe kumakhala kosalekeza ndipo kumatha masiku angapo. Nthawi zina, ululu ukhoza kukhala wovuta. Kuchekera kwa magazi kumachitika, koma si zachilendo ku diverticulitis. Zizindikiro zina zingaphatikizepo:
- kupweteka m'mimba ndi chifundo (kawirikawiri kumanzere, kungakhale koopsa)
- zovuta
- kudzimbidwa
- kuponda
- kuphulika
- Kutsekula m'mimba (nthawi zina)
- mpweya
- malungo
- kusowa kudya
- kunyoza
- kusanza
- Kuchetsa magazi (osati wamba)
Zimayambitsa
Zinkaganiziridwa kuti kudya zakudya zina monga mbewu, mtedza, kapena chimanga, zingayambitse diverticulitis mwa anthu omwe anali ndi matenda osiyanasiyana, koma izi sizinaganizidwe kuti ndizo.
Pali umboni wina waposachedwapa wochokera ku kafukufuku wopangidwa ndi amuna kuti kudya nyama yambiri yofiira kungagwirizane ndi chiopsezo chochulukirapo chokhala ndi diverticulitis .
Palinso lingaliro loti diverticulitis ikhoza kuchitika pamene diverticulum amapanga dzenje mmenemo (perforation). Mabakiteriya omwe nthawi zambiri amapezeka mu khola amatha kudutsa mu dzenje ndikupangitsa kutupa.
Nthano ina ndi yakuti pali chiyanjano chotchedwa cytomegalovirus (CMV). CMV ndi yofala ndipo imatha kuperekedwa kuchokera kwa munthu ndi munthu kudzera m'madzi. Pamene CMV yoyamba kugwira ntchito ingayambitse zizindikiro zofanana ndi chimfine (malungo, zilonda zam'mimba, kutopa, kutupa kwa maselo) koma kenaka akhoza kulowa mu sitepe yoyipa. Vutoli limakhala mu thupi, losatuluka. Komabe, nthawi zina kachilombo ka HIV kamatha kukhazikitsidwa. Zimaganizidwa kuti kubwezeretsedwa kwa CMV kungakhale ndi kugwirizana kwa diverticulitis.
Zina mwazimene zingathandize kuti chitukuko cha diverticulitis chikhalepo:
- kumangika mabakiteriya osasamala m'njira zosiyanasiyana
- kusokonezeka mu msinkhu wa mabakiteriya wathanzi mu colon
- onenepa kwambiri
- moyo wokhala pansi
- Kusuta
- mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe alibe anti-inflammatory (NSAIDs)
- mankhwala a steroid
Kudziwa
Diverticulitis imapezeka ndi mimba ya computed tomography (CT).
Kansalu ya CT ndiyo mtundu wa x-ray umene umagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito dye wosiyana. Kusiyanitsa dayi ndiledzera komanso kuperekedwa kudzera mu IV ndi enema.
Izi ndizoonetsetsa kuti mapangidwe a coloni amavomerezedwa bwino ndipo matenda a diverticulitis angapangidwe.
Nthawi zina, kuyezetsa kwina kungagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mukuganiza kuti pali zovuta kapena zovuta zina zomwe zimagwirizana ndi diverticulitis. Izi zidzakhala zosiyana kwambiri ndi momwe wodwala akuchita komanso madokotala.
Chithandizo
Kwa odwala omwe ali ndi zovuta zosiyana siyana, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti palibe mavuto omwe amagwirizana nawo monga abscess kapena fistula, mankhwala amachitika kunyumba. Chakudya chamadzi ndi mpumulo kawirikawiri amauzidwa ndipo nthawi zina pangakhale kufunikira kwa maantibayotiki.
Kwa zovuta zambiri zosiyana siyana, kumene kuli zizindikiro zazikulu kapena zochitika zina, kuchipatala kungafunike. Kuchiza kuchipatala kungaphatikizepo kusala (zomwe nthawi zambiri sizikutchula pakamwa kapena NPO), madzi a IV, ndi maantibayotiki. Odwala ambiri amakula mofulumira.
Kuchita opaleshoni kumachitika kokha pamene pali vuto lina lalikulu, monga perforation mu colon.
Mawu Ochokera
Ambiri okalamba amakhala osiyana siyana omwe samayambitsa zizindikiro zilizonse ndipo ndizing'onozing'ono zomwe diverticulitis ikukula. Sitikuwonekeratu chifukwa chake kutupa ndi / kapena matenda a diverticula zimachitika, koma saganiziranso kuti ndizochokera kudya zakudya zamtundu ndi mphamvu m'malo mwake zimayambitsidwa ndi zifukwa zingapo .
Mavuto ambiri a diverticulitis si ovuta ndipo angathe kuchiritsidwa kunyumba ndi kupuma ndi madzi, ngakhale nthawi zina maantibayotiki angathenso kulangizidwa. Kwa anthu omwe akudwala kwambiri, chithandizo chidzafunika kuchipatala ndi madzimadzi a IV ndi ma antibayotiki. Mankhwala ena amafunikanso, koma izi zidzasintha pa thanzi la wodwala komanso zosangalatsa za gulu lachipatala.
> Zotsatira:
> Cao Y, Ndondomeko LL, Keeley BR, et al. "Chakudya chimakhala ndi chiopsezo cha anthu osokonezeka." Kutha . 2018; 67: 466-472. lembani: 10.1136 / gutjnl-2016-313082.
> Hollink N, Dzabic M, Wolmer N, Boström L, Rahbar A. "Kukula kwakukulu kwa matenda opatsirana a cytomegalovirus kwa odwala okhala ndi colonic diverticulitis." J Clin Virol, 2007: 40: 116-119.
> Ndondomeko LL, Keeley BR, Cao Y, et al. Zakudya za kumadzulo zakumadzulo zimawonjezeka, ndipo zakudya zowonongeka zimachepetsa, pangozi ya zochitika zosiyana-siyana m'magulu omwe amaphunzira. Gastroenterology . 2017; 152: 1023-1030. lembani: 10.1053 / j.gastro.2016.12.038.