Kutonthozedwa, Osachiritsidwa
Pamene anthu ambiri amamva mawu akuti chemotherapy amalingalira za mankhwala kuchiza khansa . Ngakhale ziri zoona kuti chemotherapy imagwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kuyesa khansa kwathunthu, ikhoza kugwiritsidwanso ntchito mwachidule ngati njira yowonjezera moyo ndi kuchepetsa zizindikiro.
Cholinga chachikulu cha mankhwala a chemotherapy ndi kuchepetsa zotupa ndikusiya kukula kwa khansa. Ngati zatsimikiziridwa kuti khansara sichichiritsidwa, chemotherapy ikhoza kukhala yopindulitsa kuchepetsa kukula kwa chifuwa chokwanira kuti athe kuchepetsa zizindikiro za khansa ndi kuchepetsa kukula kwa khansa yokwanira kupititsa patsogolo moyo.
Lingaliro limeneli la mankhwala opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa ndi latsopano. Zaka zaposachedwapa kuti kuchepetsa zizindikiro zakhala zofunikira pazitsulo zamakono za kafukufuku wa khansa. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa chemotherapy pa khansa yapamwamba, yochedwa kansali kumakhalabe nkhani yaikulu m'mabungwe a zachipatala ndipo odwala komanso okondedwa awo nthawi zambiri amakhala pakati, akudzifunsa ngati angapitirize kuchita nkhanza kapena kuika maganizo awo pamtendere. Ndikofunika ngati wodwala khansa kumvetsa zofunikira za chemotherapy ndi ubwino ndi zoopsa za chemotherapy.
Chemotherapy Basics
Chemotherapy ndi nthawi yeniyeni yogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala amachititsa kuti maselo a khansa asamakula. Zitha kuperekedwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana ndizofala kwambiri:
- Mwamwayi - mapiritsi otengedwa pakamwa
- Mwachindunji (IV) - amaphatikizidwa kupyolera mu mitsempha
- Mutu - umagwiritsidwa ntchito khungu
Chemotherapy nthawi zambiri amatanthauza othandizira mankhwala monga alkylating agents (ie Cytoxan), anti-metabolites (ie 5-FU), ndi anti antibiotic (ie Adriamycin).
Mankhwalawa apangidwa kuti aphe maselo a kansa ndi kuwaletsa kuti asakule koma sakufuna. Amayambanso maselo a thanzi, omwe amawopsya , kuwopsya tsitsi , ndi matenda.
Ngakhale kuti sizinagwiritsidwe ntchito moyenera ndi mankhwala ena, mankhwala ena akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito mopepuka pochepetsa kukula kwa chifuwa ndi kukula kwa khansa.
Amaphatikizapo mankhwala opanga mahomoni ndi immunotherapy. Thandizo la mahomoni ndigwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa mahomoni kuti pang'onopang'ono khansa ikule, monga estrogen kuti ichepetse khansa yapachibelekero, tamoxifen kuchepetsa khansa ya m'mawere , ndi anti-androgens kwa khansa ya prostate. Immunotherapy yakonzedwa kuti imateteze chitetezo cha mthupi kuti chizindikire bwino ndi kuyambitsa maselo a kansa.
Pofuna kulumikiza , akatswiri ambiri a zachipatala amakonda kuyesa mankhwalawa ndi zoopsa zomwe zingawononge moyo wawo. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mankhwala a hormone akhoza kuyesedwa asanayambe mankhwala oopsa a chemotherapies.
Ubwino ndi Ngozi za Palliative Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy, mosasamala kanthu kuti cholinga chake ndi chiyani, sizowopsa. Icho chimatchuka kwambiri chifukwa chobweretsa zotsatira zovulaza. Zowopsa zomwe zingakhalepo phindu ndi zotsatira za umoyo wa moyo ziyenera kuganiziridwa.
Chizindikiro chabwino kwambiri cha chiopsezo ndi phindu ndizochita zomwe mukuchita (onani tebulo ili m'munsimu). Ngati ntchito yanu ili yoletsedwa, mumakhala ndi zotsatira zoopsa, monga chemotherapy poizoni. Kukula kwa mimba ndi malo a metastasis , omwe amatanthawuza malo omwe khansara yoyamba yafalitsidwa, iyeneranso kuganiziridwa. Ziphuphu zazikulu ndi khansa zomwe zili ndi malo ambiri a metastasis sizidzatha kuchepetsa mankhwala opatsirana.
Karnofsky Performance Scale
| Chogoli | Chikhalidwe |
| 100 | Zachizolowezi: palibe zodandaula, palibe umboni wa matenda |
| 90 | Akhoza kuchita ntchito yachibadwa; zizindikiro zochepa |
| 80 | Ntchito yachizolowezi ndi khama; zizindikiro zina |
| 70 | Amadzikonda okha; sangathe kuchita zinthu zachizolowezi |
| 60 | Amafuna kuthandizidwa nthawi zina; amasamalira zosowa zambiri |
| 50 | Amafuna thandizo lalikulu komanso kusamalidwa kawirikawiri |
| 40 | Olemala: amafunikira chisamaliro chapadera ndi thandizo |
| 30 | Olemala kwambiri: kuchipatala koma imfa siyandikira |
| 20 | Odwala kwambiri: chisamaliro chothandizira chothandizira chofunikira |
| 10 | Zosokoneza bongo: njira zopweteka zikupita mofulumira |
| 0 | Imfa |
Kulimbitsa thupi Chemotherapy ndi Moyo Wanu
Ndifunikanso kuganizira momwe mankhwala a palliative amatha kukhudza moyo wanu.
Zomwe zimayambitsa khalidwe labwino zimawoneka mosiyana kwambiri ndi munthu koma zimaphatikizapo kukhala ndi thanzi labwino komanso maganizo, chikhalidwe, ndi uzimu. Ngati mwayi wokhala ndi mankhwala othandiza kuti thupi lanu likhale lopweteketsa bwino, mumakhala ndi chitonthozo chakuthupi, muli ndi luso lapamwamba lothandizira kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino komanso lauzimu, mukhoza kusankha chithandizo.
Ngati, ngakhale mwayi wokhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa ndizovuta, zolemetsa zothandizira ndi zowononga nthawi zonse zimakhala zolemetsa, ndipo mumakhudzidwa mtima komanso mumzimu, mwayi wamakono wokhala ndi mankhwala ochepa kwambiri umakhala wabwino.
Kusankha Choyamba Kuyamba Kuphwanya Chemotherapy
Mukamaganizira za mankhwala othandizira odwala matendawa, kambiranani ndi dokotala wanu za kuopsa komwe mungapindule nazo. Onani mafunso asanu kuti mufunse oncologist wanu za mankhwala opatsirana. Sungani zambiri zomwe mungathe pa khansara yanu komanso zomwe zimakhudza mankhwala ochepetsa matendawa.
Palibe yankho lolondola kwa odwala khansa iliyonse. Makhalidwe a moyo ndi munthu weniweni komanso zinthu zomwe zili zofunika kwa wodwala zingakhale zosafunikira kwa inu. Tengani nthawi yofufuza zosowa zanu, zikhumbo zanu, ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri kwa inu.
Pokhala ndi chidziwitso choyenera kuchokera kwa dokotala ndi chidaliro chanu pa zolinga zanu, mudzakhala okonzeka bwino kuti muchite chisankho chomwe mukuyenera.
Zotsatira:
> Roeland, E., ndi T. LeBlanc. Makina othandizira ena: oxymoron kapena kusamvetsetsana. Bungwe la BMC Losamalira . 2016. 15:33.
Sun V. Kulimbana ndi Chemotherapy ndi Kuyesedwa Kwachipatala mu Khansa Yapamwamba: Atsogoleri Achikhristu. Mu: Ferrell, BR ndi Coyle, N; Buku la Palliative Nursing, Oxford University Press, 2006.